Module 2 kingdom monera
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Transcript of Module 2 kingdom monera
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Biology – Module 2
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Kingdom Monera As we know, there are
different types of organisms living on this planet
Our first exploration of the 5 Kingdoms will be with Kingdom Monera
Monerans are quite enormous in number and highly diversified in their character
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Kingdom Monera When you think of Bacteria –
what comes to mind? Can you tell me what a Pathogen
is? Pathogen = an organism that
causes disease Pathogenic bacterium is a
bacterium that causes disease Are all bacteria bad? What about cheese, beer, wine?
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Oldest and most abundant organisms
Prokaryotic “before a nucleus”
Unicellular & Microscopic Undergo asexual
reproduction Prokaryotes are single-celled
organisms. They are the smallest, simplest organisms
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There are two subkingdoms of Kingdom Monera:
Archaebacteria-can live in the most extreme of environments.
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Is also called the true bacteria
Not classified according to shape but according to chemical composition of their cell walls and reaction to Gram stain
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These bacteria live in very hot, acid habitats of 60-80 and pH 2-4, like the photo of a "Hot springs" below, the red stain on the rocks are the prokaryotic cells.
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Eubacteria are more modern bacteria.
Inhabit nearly every known habitat
Consumers, producers, and decomposers
Some cause disease but most are harmless
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They are found in nearly every habitat studied, including some that no other organism is able to withstand.
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Bacteria have a cell wall, a cell membrane surrounds the cell but no membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, or ER. Some are covered by a layer of “slime” called a capsule. Some have flagella for locomotion.
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1. Cocci – spherical (coccus)
2. Bacilli – rod-shaped (bacillus)
3. Spirilla – spiral (spirillum)
Next week – we will be looking for these underthe microscope in
Experiment 2.2
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Most are heterotrophs although some are autotrophs.
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The autotrophic bacteria either use chemicals as a source of energy or are photosynthetic
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Some are parasites which live off a living host
Leucothrix mucor
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Some are saprobes, feeding off dead organisms and waste
(i.e., decomposers).
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Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome attached to the inside of the plasma membrane
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Prokaryotes reproduce by simply splitting in two The DNA is copied and the cell divides into two
identical cells.