Module 10: Strategies associated with the theories

Bi-polar disorder

Hide answers

Strategies or treatments?

Family discordFamily discord Family discord

Loneliness Loneliness

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia

Obsessive compulsivedisorder

Obsessive compulsivedisorder

Obsessive compulsivedisorder

Aggressive behaviourAggressive behaviour Aggressive behaviour

Treatment for: Strategy for coping with:

Loneliness

Schizophrenia

Click on the arrow buttons to sort these different conditions or issues under the headings.

Treatments are used for mental health conditions; Strategies are used for coping with ordinary problems that are part of the experience of being human.

Module 6: The impact of national policy and legislation

Treatment for:•obsessive compulsive disorder•schizophrenia•bi-polar disorder

Strategy for coping with:•Family discord•aggressive behaviour•loneliness

Bi-polar disorder Bi-polar disorder

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Why use different treatments and strategies for the same conditions?

Each psychological approach has different assumptions about why people think, feel and behave in the way they do. For example, why do people have phobias? Discuss and compare the two different approaches below.

Record your ideas here:Record your ideas here:

The behaviourist approach suggests:our phobias are based on experience in our environment.

The psychodynamic approach suggests:our phobias relate to something that happened in our childhood or subconscious.

So, different practitioners might suggest different treatments or strategies depending on which approach is widely accepted.

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

The Psychodynamic approach‘Early childhood experiences are important for the development of the adult personality’Discuss these two strategies, record your ideas then click below to reveal our suggestions.

Who for?

When used?

What?

• Mainly used with adults

• A ‘talking cure’: a psychoanalyst examines the childhood experiences of the individual

• For treatment of depression, anxiety or emotional problems

• Used with children• For children unable or

unwilling to talk• Children reveal concealed

emotions or upsetting experiences through play

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Psychoanalysis Play therapy

One-to-one ‘talking cure’

Therapist mirrors backthe client’s feelings

Concentrates on the personand how they feel about themselves

Listening to others may givehope and encouragement

Therapist is empathetic and is non judgemental

The client explores his feelings and decides himself

how to move forward

Does not concentrate on theproblem or causes

A small group of peoplewith similar issues meet

with a therapist

There are no rules or expectations and they can

discuss any topic

The Humanistic approach

Module 3: Multi-disciplinary Teams

Person-centred therapy(1 click)

Encounter groups

(2 clicks)

‘The way people feel about themselves is very important’Click on the strategy descriptions below to highlight the colour that matches the strategy on the right.

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

The Behaviourist approach‘Most human behaviour is learned from the environment. We learn to repeat behaviour with a positive consequence and not to repeat behaviour with a negative consequence.’

Module 5: Quality assurance

Includes Flooding and Aversion therapy

Involves use of chartsto record ‘tokens’ givenFor correct behaviour.

Often used with childrenIn care settings.

Frequently used in schools.

Wanted behaviour is reinforced. Unwanted behaviour is ignored.

Often used for bothadults and children

with phobias

Behaviour modificationBehaviour therapy Token economy

Click on the descriptions for the three strategies below to match them to the colours of the three strategies. Click here to see the answers.

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Piaget believed a child should have an environment appropriate to its developmental level. Put these play development stages in the correct order. Click on each box below as many times as you need, to reveal the correct order.

HideorderShow order

The Cognitive approach

Complex play:Child can use toys symbolically e.g. pushing a block while making car

noises

Play with rules:Child can understand board and

team games

Imaginative play:Child plays make-believe games

with others

Simple practice or mastery play: Using simple toys e.g. blocks,

rattles, pull-along toys 0-2 years:

2-4 years:

4-7 years:

7+ years:

Simple practice or mastery play: Using simple toys e.g. blocks,

rattles, pull-along toys

Complex play:Child can use toys symbolically e.g. pushing a block while making car

noises

Imaginative play:Child plays make-believe games

with others

Play with rules:Child can understand board and

team games

?Complex play:

Child can use toys symbolically e.g. pushing a block while making car

noises

Play with rules:Child can understand board and

team games

Imaginative play:Child plays make-believe games

with others

Simple practice or mastery play: Using simple toys e.g. blocks,

rattles, pull-along toys ?Complex play:

Child can use toys symbolically e.g. pushing a block while making car

noises

Play with rules:Child can understand board and

team games

Imaginative play:Child plays make-believe games

with others

Simple practice or mastery play: Using simple toys e.g. blocks,

rattles, pull-along toys ?Complex play:

Child can use toys symbolically e.g. pushing a block while making car

noises

Play with rules:Child can understand board and

team games

Imaginative play:Child plays make-believe games

with others

Simple practice or mastery play: Using simple toys e.g. blocks,

rattles, pull-along toys ?

Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT)A mixture of cognitive and behavioural therapies, aiming to help people change the way they think [cognitive] and therefore change the way they act [behaviour].It is a ‘talking cure’ used for treatment of minor mental disorders such as stress.

anger management

eating disorders

marriage guidance

CBT used for

exam nerves

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Look at these pictures. Can you think of four other examples of when CBT could be used?

Case study for CBTNow watch this video clip about Laurie and how CBT worked for him.

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

While you watch consider the following questions:

•What was Laurie suffering from before he started CBT?•What practical suggestions did his therapist suggest he try?•How does Laurie feel now he has been through CBT?

Click here to see some suggested answers.

Modelling

The Social Learning approach‘A child’s personality and behaviour is the result of it observing, imitating and modelling various other people’Match these three strategies to the situations they could be used in.

Used for a child who displays unacceptable behaviour and who could benefit from observing and a role model.

Used to help an individual with emotional, mental or physical problems which have prevented them from developing good social skills.

Used to help families cope with changes and difficulties in their lives e.g. divorce, bereavement, bullying.

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Social skills training

Family therapy

The Biological approach‘Our physical development, behaviour and personality are the result of the interaction of our genes and our nervous and endocrine systems.’Look at the pictures and identify the biological strategies they represent.

Relaxation

Drugs

Sensory rooms

Biological strategies

Meditation

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories

Choosing a strategyCreate a summary of each of the strategies discussed and consider the following questions. You can download a template for the summary here.

•Which strategy would you suggest to help a child displaying unacceptable behaviour and why?

•Which strategy would you suggest to help an individual with anger management issues and why?

•Which behaviourist strategy could be used to help an individual with phobias? How is this approach useful?

Module 10: Strategies associated with theories