BY DANAE SÁNCHEZ RODRÍGUEZ

MODELS OF READING PROCESSTHROUGH

THE YEARS

1879Emile Java did the first work about the moments of the eyes.

1964Carroll said “reading is a simple one-way flow diagram from visual stimulus to an oral language recording to meaning responses.

1969Ruddell developed a system of communication model of reading that contained a excruciating detail of component processes and stages.

1967-1970Goodman and Smith Pused the field

to consider the basic processes in reading. “Reading as a

psycholinguistic guessing game”.

1970-1972Hockberg Levind and Kaplan and Mackworth.Explained what a model of processes of skilled reading must account for.

1972Gough assumed that all the letters in the visual field must be accounted for individually by the reader prior to the assignment of meaning to any string of letters.

1977Rumelhart “Interactive model” emphasizes flexible processing and multiple information sources, depending upon contextual circumstances.

1971Frank smith described reading as a Psycholinguistic process.His account of reading exhibits a procedural preference for reliance on language factors instead of graphic information.His greatest contribution is to explain how the redundancy inherit at all levels of languages provides the reader with enormous flexibility in marshaling resources to create a meaning for the text at hand.

1972-8Model that emphasized letters to sounds to meaning.

Holmes and singer emphasize the empirical evaluation of the models.

1978Kinstsch and Van Dijk model worry about comprehension to the exclusion of world identification.

1980Have built a model to account for comprehension process based upon studies of eye movements.

PROBLEMS IN MODEL EVALUATION

The developer of the model has a limited knowledge and it is

influenced by the philosophies.

Each scholar who describes the process is influenced by

information gathered boring experiments.

4 factors Age Skills and taskMaterialcontext.

They might affect the results.

The most important is to remember that none of the

models is 100% complete, we have to research in many sources

in order to have a better comprehension

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD MODEL

SUMARIZE THE PAST It help us to understand the present

It can predict the future

It Synthesize much of the information that was

gathered in the past, in order to generate better

models.

It is complex to understand a complex

phenomenon can serve as a most important scientific and social

function.

It enable us to formulate hypothesis are those which are testable.

Rumelhart, Stanovich model &linear models

Information processing models tend to be linear

and to have a series of non interactive processing

stage which work independently and passes

to the next one.

DEFICIENCIES IN LINEAR MODELS

It has resources from orthographic, syntactic,

semantic and lexical. Each one depend on the others.

It is able to accommodate the accuracies known to take place while reading which the linear model

has difficulty accommodating.

1980 integrates concepts from a variety of

sources: “interactive models provide a better account of the existing

data on the use of orthographic structure

and sentence context by good and poor readers.”

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CARREL, PATRICIA L., DEVINE JOANNE Et al.(1990) Interactive approaches to second Language

Reading. USA: Cambridge applied Linguistics . Pp.22.