Model-Based Evaluation of Litens Thermal Management ... · To develop engine thermal management...
Transcript of Model-Based Evaluation of Litens Thermal Management ... · To develop engine thermal management...
I S O / T S 1 6 9 4 9 R E G I S T E R E D • I S O 1 4 0 0 1 R E G I S T E R E D • w w w . l i t e n s . c o m
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Model-Based Evaluation of Litens Thermal Management Technologies with GT-SUITE
October 5, 2016
Jason [email protected]
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Agenda
• Objective
• Litens Technology
• Model Overview
• Validation/Results
oNEDC
o FTP75
oReal World Cycle
oWLTC
• Conclusion
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Objective
To develop engine thermal management analysis capability using GT-SUITE:
• Develop understanding of the heat transfer process in the vehicle thermal management system
• Calibrate, verify and validate the system model with measurements from instrumented vehicle
• Demonstrate and quantify benefits of Litens advanced thermal management strategies for both regulatory cycles and real-world drive cycles
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Litens Technology – Switchable Water Pump
• Conventional Water Pump (CWP) – water pump is belt-driven by engine, with pump speed at a fixed ratio to engine speed
• Switchable Water Pump (SWP) – water pump output can be controlled based on the engine cooling need
oClutch mechanism to engage/disengage water pump from the engine
oCan achieve zero-flow, full flow (equivalent of CWP), and partial flow
oSignificant speed up of engine warm-up
oReduction in water pump parasitic loss
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Vehicle/Engine Specifications
Vehicle Type C-Segment 5-Door Hatchback
Mass 1300 kg
Transmission 5-Speed Manual
Engine Type PFI NA SI Engine
Displacement 1796 cm3
Bore x Stroke 80.5 mm x 88.2 mm
Compression Ratio 10.5
Maximum Power and Torque 138 hp @ 6000 rpm129 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm
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Model Overview
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Vehicle Speed Profile/Gear Shift Schedule
Vehicle TransmissionEngine -
Combustion
Underhood Engine – Heat Transfer
Coolant Circuit
Oil Circuit
Virtual Driver ECU
Model Predictions – T, P, FlowRate, etc.
Cabin
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Coolant Circuit Submodel
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Expansion Tank
Radiator
Thermostat
Oil Cooler
Engine
Water Pump
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Head Metal & Tstat Coolant Temperature - NEDC
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With Litens SWP:• Engine/coolant warmup are
much quicker• Operating metal temperature is
typically higher than CWP counterpart
Warm-up improvement
Warm-up improvement
Cyl
ind
er H
ead
M
etal
Tem
per
atu
reEn
gin
e C
oo
lan
t Te
mp
erat
ure
Time
Time
CWP
SWP
CWP
SWP
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CWP vs. SWP Temperature Differential - NEDC
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• Cylinder head temperature differentialo Maximum temperature
differential achieved during warm up phase
o Higher steady-state coolant temp. than baseline
o Temperature converges shortly after engaging CWP operation
Warm-up Phase
Stabilized Phase
CWPPhase
Time
Hea
d M
etal
Tem
p. D
iffe
ren
tial
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FMEP/WP Power Reduction
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FMEP
WP
Po
wer
C
on
sum
pti
on
SWPCWP
SWPCWP
Time
Time
• SWP leads to friction reduction through quicker engine warm-up
• SWP provides significant reduction in water pump power consumption
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FE Benefit – NEDC Cycle
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• Demonstrates fuel saving using SWP
• Majority of saving comes from phase 1, due to rapid engine warm-up
• SWP beneficial even in phase 2, due to less over-cooling
FE B
enef
it o
ver
CW
P (
%)
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FE Benefit – FTP75+HWY Cycle
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• Most of the FE benefit occurs during phase 1 and 2 of the cycle
• Some FE improvement during HWY phase
Phase Average Cycle Average
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Real-World Drive Cycle
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• 23.7km – 15.3km City, 8.4km Highway• Mild traffic, early afternoon• ~25°C ambient temperature
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Coolant & Oil Temperature – Real World Cycle
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• Vehicle test under SWP operation
• Model matches test data well in general
• Engine warm-up improvement predicted using model (comparing SWP vs. CWP)
• FE improvement predicted
Coolant Temp – MeasuredOil Temp – MeasuredCoolant Temp – ModelOil Temp - Model
Tem
per
atu
re
Coolant
Oil
SWP Operation
FE B
enef
it
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WLTC Cycle
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• Used model to evaluate SWP at 3 ambient temperatures:o -20°Co -7°Co 25°C
• Significantly improve engine warm-up
• SWP is especially beneficial at cold weather condition
• Off-cycle credit potential
-20°C -7°C 25°C
SpeedGear
Decreasing Ambient
Temperature
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Engine/Cabin Temperature Trade-Off using SWP
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SWP offers OEMs the ability to optimize engine warm-up while meeting cabin heating requirement
Co
ola
nt
Tem
pe
ratu
re
Cab
in A
ir T
emp
era
ture
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Conclusion Remarks
• Litens developed in-house thermal system analysis capability to evaluate the impact of its advanced thermal management technologies in improving engine fuel economy
• SWP drastically improves the engine warm-up on cold engine start
oFor both regulatory cycles and real-world cycle
oThe effect is even more pronounced at sub-freezing ambient temperature
oLead to fuel economy improvement through FMEP/auxiliary power consumption reduction
• SWP offers the capability in optimizing engine warm-up, while meeting cabin heating requirement
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Thank You
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