Mitigation Hierarchy and Biodiversity Offsets...

MitigationHierarchyandBiodiversityOffsetsTraining

Pemba,CaboDelgado,6hand7thDecember2016

ActivityReport

BIOFUNDandtheCOMBOProject

MitigationHierarchyandBiodiversityOffsetsTraining-PembaActivityReport

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Index

1 Introduction......................................................................................................................2

2 Framework........................................................................................................................4

3 Objectives..........................................................................................................................5

4 Implementation.................................................................................................................5

5 Results...............................................................................................................................6

6 Conclusionsandnextsteps.............................................................................................12

7 Appendices......................................................................................................................14


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1 Introduction

TheWildlifeConservationSociety,ForestTrendsandBiotopehavecommencedafour-yearproject (2016-2019) which aims to reconcile economic development in Africa withconservationof biodiversity andecosystem services. This project is fundedby theAgenceFrancaisedeDéveloppement(AFD),theFondsFrançaispourl'EnvironnementMondial(FFEM)andtheMavaFoundation.Itwillbuildcapacitytoreducetheimpactsofdevelopmentprojectsonbiodiversity.

Theprojectisworkingwithgovernments,developersandindustrytoexpandandimprovetheapplication of the mitigation hierarchy in four African nations: Guinea, Madagascar,MozambiqueandUganda.Themitigationhierarchyinvolvesasequenceoffourkeyactions–‘avoid’,‘minimise’,‘restore’and‘offset’.Itisabestpracticeapproachtoreducingthenegativeimpacts of development projects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. COMBO issupportingthisapproachby:

1. C1Givingsupporttopolicies:assistingthegovernmentintheidentification,analysisand introduction of appropriate policy to encourage investment in developmentprojectsthatresultinnonetlossoranetgainofbiodiversity.

2. C2 Planning tools and metrics: creating the enabling conditions for developmentprojects to achieve no net loss of biodiversity by: i) supporting national planningprocesses; ii) identifying relevant biodiversity metrics; and iii) developing andimplementingbaselineandmonitoringsurveymethodology.

3. C3Assistingimplementationmechanisms:developinginstitutional,legalandfinancialmechanisms for offset implementation, particularly those linkedwith conservationtrustfundstosecurethepermanenceofconservationoutcomes.

4. C4Interactionwiththeprivatesector:supportingtheuptakeofbestpracticeinthepublicandprivatesectors,monitoringtheseinitiativesanddevelopinglessonslearnt.

5. C5 Training, capacity building information sharing: building national and regionalcapacitybysharinglessonslearntdrawnfromAfricanandglobalexperiencesofnonetlossactivitieswithawiderangeofinvolvedstakeholders.

Overfouryears,theCOMBOProjectwillbeworkingwiththeGovernmentofMozambique,developers, industry, academia, NGOs, international bilateral andmulti-lateral institutionsandcommunities,providingtechnicalassistance,developingtoolsandproducinginformationonthehierarchyofmitigationandbiodiversityoffsetsadjustedtotherealityofthecountry.

TheprojectfollowsthenonetlossprinciplesandguidanceoftheBusinessandBiodiversityOffsets Program (BBOP) and BBOP Standard, the International Finance CorporationPerformanceStandard6,EquatorPrinciples,IPIECA,ICMMandotherbestpracticepolicyandmethodologies.Astheseprinciplesandstandardshavereceivedwidespreadreviewbyarange


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of stakeholders, this approach will facilitate the improved application of the mitigationhierarchyglobally.

TheprojectwasofficiallylaunchedinMozambiqueonthe24thOctober2016togetherwiththe Biodiversity Offsets Roadmap for Mozambique and on the day after there was anintroductory training on Mitigation Hierarchy and Biodiversity Offsets dedicated toGovernmentofMozambiquestaffandBIOFUND.Atotalof101peoplefrom61institutionsparticipatedatthelaunchand36peoplefrom30institutionsweretrainedonthesecondday.

ThisreportisrelatedtoComponent5oftheproject,whichisdedicatedtotraining,capacitybuilding and project communication. The training component can be summarised as perbelow:

Objective:

- Create national and regional capacity, sharing lessons learned from African andinternationalexperiencesoftheactivitiesassociatedwithanynetlosswithawiderangeofactorsinvolved.

Activitiestobeimplemented:

-Designatrainingprogramandproducethetrainingmaterials.

-Organizeandconducttrainingsessions.

- Conduct anexchange visit to shareexperiences and knowledgewith counterparts inMadagascar.

-Publicizetheproject.

Results:

-ImplementatrainingprogramadjustedtotheMozambicancontext.

- Conduct at least eight training sessions for different "stakeholders" ofMozambicansociety.

-AcquirerelevantknowledgeaspartoftheMadagascarstudyvisit.

-Inclusionofthetrainingmaterialsandreportsonthewebsiteforonlineaccess.

ThePemba-basedeventispartofthetrainingprogramdevelopedunderthiscomponent.ThisprogramisdynamicsothatitcanbeadjustedtotheneedsoftheMozambicanprofessionalswhose work implies dealing with the Mitigation Hierarchy and Biodiversity Offsets. TheCOMBOprojectseekstheopportunitytoworkwith localMozambicanpartners inordertomaximizethecapacitybuildingoflocalinstitutions.Additionalopportunitiesaresubjecttoobtaining further fundingand support, aswas the casewith thePembaevent,whichwasfundedbyWWF–MozambiqueCountryOfficeandBIOFUND(throughUNDP/GEF/PIMSID3938).BIOFUNDisoneofthelocalmainpartnersandpotentiallyallthetrainingsessionswillinvolve this institution. Additionally, case by case, COMBO will partner with other


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stakeholders,asitdidinthiscase.ThenextsectiondetailstheframeworkofthistrainingthatwasheldinPemba,CaboDelgado.

2 Framework

BIOFUND is one of the COMBO project main partners in Mozambique and focuses onsupportingtheconservationofterrestrialandmarinebiodiversityandthesustainableuseofnatural resources, including the consolidation of the national Protected Areas system.BIOFUND receivesandmanages contributions from the state,national and foreignprivateentities,bilateralandmultilateraldonorsandotherpartners.ThisisMozambique’sfirstsuchfundandithasbeenchosenasthepreferredfundmanagerforseveralinnovativenationalinitiatives for conservation finance in areas such as carbon crediting and biodiversityoffsetting. The income of the trust fund is allocated toMozambique’s conservation areanetwork,basedoncriteriaandconditionssetbythevariousstakeholderswho includetheNational Administration of Conservation Areas (ANAC), donors, local governments,communities,andothers.

InadditiontosupportingANAC’sandthenationalsystemofprotectedareas,BIOFUNDhasbroaderobjectivesintheconservationofbiodiversity,assetoutinitsarticlesofincorporation.Oneofthemostimportantoftheseadditionalobjectivesistheintegrationofconservationandconservationprinciplesintonationaldevelopmentplanning,nationalinstitutions,andtheheartsofindividualcitizens.

ConsideringboththeobjectivesofCOMBOandBIOFUND,thereisasharedinteresttobuildapartnershipwithkeystakeholdersworkingonoffsetsandtheopportunityforholdingasecondtrainingcoursearose.

SimultaneouslytoCOMBOandBIOFUND’sinitiativesonoffsets,anNGOwithaMozambicanCountry Office, Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF MCO) is currently implementing aninitiativetopromotesustainabilityoftheprotectedareassystemfocusedonthepromotionof thebiodiversityoffsets concept andbuildingnational capacityon regardof offsets andexchangeexperienceswithkeyactorsintheregion.

Therefore,anopportunitywasidentifiedtojoineffortsandexpertisetopromotethistrainingonmitigationhierarchyandbiodiversityoffsetsinPemba,Mozambique.TheobjectiveoftheCOMBOprojectandBIOFUNDistocollaboratewithWWFtotrainrelevantstakeholdersandtomainstreamthemitigationhierarchyandthebiodiversityoffsets inMozambique.Underthatstrategy,doingregionaltrainingisoneofthepartners’milestones.


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3 Objectives

Theobjectivesofthetrainingwereto:

• Raise awareness amongst trainees of the concepts of mitigation hierarchy andbiodiversityoffsets

• Improveunderstandingofhowthecountry’sEIAlawshouldbeappliedandwhenthemitigationhierarchyandoffsetsarenecessary

• Improveunderstandingofhowthemitigationhierarchyshouldbeapplied• Raiseawarenessofthebasicrequirementsfordesigningandimplementinganoffset,

includingthroughtheuseofafictitiouscasestudy

4 Implementation

Thetrainingsession,designated“MitigationHierarchyandBiodiversityOffsets”,washeldinPemba,CaboDelgado(Mozambique)duringthe6thand7thDecember2016.ThislocationwasstrategicallychosentobringpeoplenotonlyfromtheCaboDelgadoProvincebutalsofromNiassaandNampula.

A total of 63 invitation letterswas sent to a selectionof ProvincialDirectorates, the localConservationAreasandtheDistrictProsecutors1.InthecaseofCaboDelgado,representativesfromsomeDistricts(SDAE),consultancyanddevelopmentcompanies,localUniversities,localNGOsandtheMunicipalityofPembawerealsoinvited.

Theplanning,logisticsandadministrationoftheeventswereconductedbythelocalCOMBOteamincoordinationwiththeproject’sinternationalteam.TheprocurementandmostoftheadministrativeproceduresweredonebyalocalserviceproviderbasedinPemba(moredetailsonthiscanbefoundinAppendixI).

Particularly, the logistics tobringall the traineeswascomplexas thesewerecoming fromseverallocationsandseveralmeansoftransportationwereneeded.MostoftheprosecutorswerestillinMaputoastheywerestillbeingassignedtotheirnewlocations,sotheyhadtotravelbyairplane.ThetraineesfromtheProvincialDirectoratesofNiassaandNampulaweretransportedbyarentedtransferservicewhereastheonesfromCaboDelgadousedtheirowncarorpublictransportationservices.

1 The team of prosecutors of the Districts, which overlap the Conservation Areas has also been called“ConservationistProsecutors”asthesehavebeenreceivingspecifictrainingonconservationissues.


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TheCOMBOtrainingwasco-fundedbyWWFMCOandBIOFUND(grantagreementnumber05-FY17–40000457)withfundsprovidedbyUNDP/GEF/PIMSID3938,projectPROFIN,Component3-BusinessPlanningandIncomeGeneration,Sub-component3.4.Thepotentialtofinanceconservationareasfromtheimplementationofbiodiversityoffsetmechanismsandcompensationisevaluated,throughUNDP,intheprojectentitled"SustainableFinancingfortheSystemofProtectedAreasofMozambique".

5 Results

ThetrainingwasheldinthemeetingroomoftheProvincialDirectorateforAgricultureandFood Security (DPASA) and a total of 50 trainees from45 institutions attended the eventduringthe2days.Day1(6/12)had45attendeesaswellasDay2.Thecoursewasgivenby3trainers(AmreivonHase,ForestTrends&COMBO,SeanNazerali,BIOFUND,andHugoCosta,WCSMozambique&COMBO).DeniseNicolaufromWWF-MCOwassimultaneouslyatraineeandatrainerasshegavesupporttotheremainingtrainersduringthesession.Locallogisticsandadministrationwereprovidedby2peoplefromalocalserviceprovider.

ThetrainingsessionagendaispresentedinAppendixIIandthetechnicalcontentisavailableattheCOMBOprojectwebpageathttp://combo-africa.org/mocambique.

Table1andFigure1showwhichinstitutionswerepresentattheeventandthenumbersofparticipants. Most of them were affiliated to institutions from the Government ofMozambique,18ofthemfromCaboDelgado(50%),12fromNiassa(33%)and6fromNampula(17%).Consideringallthesectors,CaboDelgadohad32trainees(64%ofthetotal).

Table1–Listofinstitutionsandnumberofparticipantsfromthesectorsthatwerepresentatthetraining


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Figure1-Proportionofinstitutions(top)andparticipants(bottom)bysectorpresentatthetrainingsession

TheeventstartedwithadinnerontheeveningprevioustothefirsttrainingdaytowelcometheparticipantswhocamefromoutsidePemba(Figure2).

Figure2–COMBOwelcomedinnerandclosingsessionbytheProvincialDirectorforTransportandCommunication(representativeoftheProvincialDirectorofLand,EnvironmentandRuralDevelopment)


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Theclosingoftheevent2wasofficiallyconductedbytheProvincialDirectorforTransportandCommunicationinrepresentationoftheProvincialDirectorofLand,EnvironmentandRuralDevelopment,whowasabsentfromtheProvince.Thefirstdayofthetrainingsession(Figure3)focusedessentiallyonkeyconceptssuchas:

• Themitigationhierarchy:Avoidance,Minimisation,RestorationandOffsets• Direct,indirectandcumulativeimpacts• EIAandNNL;thecurrentlegalframeworkinMozambique• TheBBOPPrinciplesandinternationalstandards(BBOP,IFCPS6,ESFWB)• Notnetloss(NNL)&netgain(NG)• Compensationandoffsetsaroundtheworld• Theimportanceofstakeholders• Roleofgovernment• Roadmapsandlessonslearntandgoodpracticeglobally• Evolutionofmitigationsystemsovertime• BiodiversityOffsetsRoadmapforMozambique• TheCOMBOteamandresourcestogofurther

2ThetrainingcoincidedwithatransboundaryeventinPemba.Therefore,itcouldn’tbeofficiallyopenedbyahigh-profilememberofthelocalgovernment.


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Figure3–Trainersandattendeesduringthetraining

Someexercisesweredoneinthefirstday,butitwasintheseconddaythatthetraineesspentmore time working in groups (Figure 4). The exercises, especially the one regarding theapplicationofthemitigationhierarchyandoffsetstoalocalfictitiouscase-studygeneratedseveralquestionsanddiscussionperiods,aseachofthegroupshadtheopportunitytopresentitsresults(Figure4).


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Figure4–Groupexercises,questionsanddiscussion

Thetopicscoveredintheseconddayweretheonesbelowandseveralexamplesandcasestudiesweregivenbythetrainers:

• Keybiodiversityvalues(speciesandlandscapes)• Impactswhichcannotbeoffset• Metricsandexchangerulesforbiodiversity• Introductiontotheexercise‘Whatcountsasagain?’• Theprincipleofadditionalityandtheimportanceofreferencescenarios• Implementation:issuestoconsider

ThechartspresentedinFigure5showtheaverageandmodeoftheevaluationdonebythetraineestothecourseheldinPemba.Severalparameterswereevaluatedanditcanbeseenthattheonesthatscoredhigherarethe“content”andprovided“documents”relevance.Theonesthatscoredlowerwerethe“trainingduration”andthe“timeprovidedfordiscussion”.


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Figure5–ResultsoftheevaluationdonebythetraineestothecourseheldinPemba(averageandmodeof

eachoftheevaluatedparameters)

6 Conclusionsandnextsteps

Atotalof50peopletrained intheMitigationHierarchyandBiodiversityOffsets.Themostrelevantnumbersare:

• 50 trainees from 45 institutions (72% from Government Institutions, 12% fromNGOs/CBOs,8%fromDevelopers,4%fromEnvironmentalconsultancycompaniesand4%fromAcademia)

• 32traineesfromCaboDelgado(18fromGovernmentInstitutions)• 12traineesfromNiassa• 6traineesfromNampula

Formost of the trainees thiswas the first contact they hadwith the topics ofMitigationHierarchyandBiodiversityOffsets.Thatwasnoticedinthecourseevaluationtheydidattheend of the event, where the parameters “training duration” and “time provided fordiscussion”weregiventhelowestscores.Thetraineesfeltthetwodayswerenotenoughforalltheyneedandwantedtoknowaboutthesubjects.Theglobalevaluationof4outof5showsthatthesearedefinitelyrelevanttopicstothem,somethingthathadalreadybeenperceivedfromthediscussionsandquestionsposedbythetraineesduringthetraining.

Itisthereforeimportanttocontinuethetrainingprogramattheprovinciallevel(andDistrictwhenpossible),reachingthedifferentstakeholderspotentiallyinvolvedinthesesubjectsintheirdaytodayactivities.Bringingmorecasestudiesandrealexamplestothetrainingcontentisalsosomethingtoachieveinthenextsessions.Itisclearthatpeoplehavetheneedtoknowandunderstandexamplesthathavebeenimplementedinsimilarcontexts.


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Inconclusion,althoughorganizingthistrainingforpeoplefromthreeNorthernProvincesofMozambiquewasachallengingtaskitwentverywellandtheobjectivesthathadbeendefinedwereaccomplished,withahighdegreeofsatisfactionfromthetrainees(Figure6).

Figure6–Exampleofoneofthelunchbreaksandgroupphotowithtrainees,trainersandorganizationteam


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7 Appendices

AppendixI–DetailsoftheselectedoptionsfortheCOMBOtraining

• Venue:o The trainingwasheldat the training roomof theProvincialDirectorate forAgricultureand

Foodsecurity,locatedinPemba.ThisisoneofthefewroomsinPembawhichispreparedforover50people,withairconditioned,sound,boards,dataprojector,toiletsandanassociatedcanteen.Thecost-benefitrelationwasexcellent.

• Transportation:o ParticipantsandtrainerscomingfromMaputo(andabroadinthecaseofAmreivonHasewho

was coming from Cape Town) were transported by airplane. Hugo Costa also travelled toMaputo and returned toPemba toprepare the training andbring toPembaall the coursematerials.

o Aprocurementwas undertaken to select the landbased transportation of the participantscomingfromNampulaandLiching.Arent-a-carservicewithdriverswasselectedand4carswereneededtotranspottheparticipantscomingfromtheselocations

o TheremainingparticipantscomingfromCaboDelgadotravelledusingtheirowncarsorlocalpublictransportation

o ParticipantscomingfromoutsidePembaarrivedonthe5Decemberanddepartedonthe8December.

• Accommodation:o AprocurementwasdoneinPembatoselecttheplacefortheaccommodationofallpeople

coming from outside Pemba. Hotel Wimbi Sun was selected to accommodate all theparticipants.Breakfastwasincluded.

• Subsistence:o RestaurantPembaDolphinwasselectedtoprovidedinnerstotheparticipantscomingfrom

outsidePembaasitwasveryclosetothehotelandhadverygoodpricespermeal.Extramealson the arrival day were also given to participants in Pemba Dolphin as they arrived atlunchtime.

o ThefirstdinnerwasheldatHotelRaphaelsaslogisticallyitwasthebestoptionbecausepeoplewerearrivingatdifferenttimes.

o Thelunches,coffeebreaksandwaterswereprovidedbyalocalcateringproviderestablishedin theDPASAofCaboDelgado.Thisprovedotbe thebestoptionas therewasnoneed totransportpeoplefromthetrainingareatootherplaces.

• Printings,Stationary,andothermaterials:o DependingonthenecessityandavailabilitytheseitemswerepurchasedinMaputoorPemba.


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AppendixII–Trainingagenda

DAY1:TRAININGCOURSEONTHEMITIGATIONHIERARCHYANDBIODIVERSITYOFFSETS

08:00 Registration

08:30 DayOpens:Introduction:trainingobjectives(includescoffeebreak)

Focusonkeyconcepts,including:

• Themitigationhierarchy:Avoidance,Minimisation,RestorationandOffsets

• Direct,indirectandcumulativeimpacts

• EIAandNNL;thecurrentlegalframeworkinMozambique

• TheBBOPPrinciplesandinternationalstandards(BBOP,IFCPS6,ESFWB)

• Notnetloss(NNL)&netgain(NG)

• Compensationandoffsetsaroundtheworld

• Theimportanceofstakeholders

COMBOteam

12:00 Lunch

13:30 TheroleofGovernmentandtheRoadmaps(includescoffeebreak)

• Roleofgovernment

• Roadmapsandlessonslearntandgoodpracticeglobally

• Evolutionofmitigationsystemsovertime

• BiodiversityOffsetsRoadmapforMozambique

• TheCOMBOteamandresourcestogofurther

COMBOteam

15:00 • Exerciseonthemitigationhierarchy

• Q&Aanddiscussion

COMBOteam

16:30 Closeofthetrainingday


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DAY2:TRAININGCOURSEONTHEMITIGATIONHIERARCHYANDBIODIVERSITYOFFSETS

08:30 Focusonkeyconcepts,particularlytechnicalissues(includescoffeebreak)

Focusonkeyconcepts,including:

• Keybiodiversityvalues(speciesandlandscapes)

• Impactswhichcannotbeoffset

• Metricsandexchangerulesforbiodiversity

• Introductiontotheexercise‘Whatcountsasagain?’

• Theprincipleofadditionalityandtheimportanceofreferencescenarios

• Implementation:issuestoconsider

COMBOteam

12:00 Lunch

13:30 Practicalexercises(includescoffeebreak)

• Examplesandcasestudies COMBOteam

14:30 • ExerciseonthemitigationhierarchyandOffsets

• Q&Aanddiscussion

COMBOteam

16.30 Closeofthetrainingday

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