Millenium Develpment Goals (Pakistan)

8/18/2019 Millenium Develpment Goals (Pakistan)

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Millennium DevelopmentMillennium DevelopmentGoals:Goals:ImplementationImplementationandandBarriersBarriers


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IntroductionIntroductionThe Millennium Development Goals (MDGs ) are the eight

development goals that were established following the Millen

the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the Un

Millennium Declaration . All 189 United Nations member sta

(there are 19 !"rrentl#), and at least 23 international organizat

!ommitted to help a!hieve the following $illenni"m %evelopment

201'.


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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

To achieve universal primary education To promote gender equality and empo er omen To reduce child mortality To improve maternal health To com!at "I#$%ID&' malaria' and other diseases

To ensure environmental sustaina!ility To develop a glo!al partnership or development


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&ym!ols sed&ym!ols sed


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IntroductionIntroduction

a istan has adopted 1* (o"t of 1+) targets and 1(o"t

indi!ators against whi!h progress towards a!hieving the

&oals of the $%&s is meas"red. Time series data availa

of these indi!ators reveal that a istan is on tra! to a!h

targets on 9 indi!ators, whereas its progress on 2 indi!atra! .


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&oal &oal 1 -radi!ate -/treme overt# and "nger 1 -radi!ate -/treme overt# and "nger

Under $%&1, a istan aims to halve b# 201', the proportion of peop

below the national povert# line, a!hieve f"ll and prod"!tive emplo#ment

wor for all, and halve the proportion of people who s"ffer from h"nger

er!entage of pop"lation below the povert# line fell from .' per!ent

to 12. per!ent in 2010 11.

a istan s emplo#ment to pop"lation ratio in!reased from 23.1 per!en

to 0.9 per!ent in 2010 11 ma ing the prospe!t of f"ll emplo#ment b#

"nli el#.


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&oal &oal 1 -radi!ate -/treme overt# and "nger 1 -radi!ate -/treme overt# and "nger


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4arriers4arriers5aw and 6rder and &overnan!e

-d"!ation, Te!hnolog# and ealth5andlessness in r"ral areas

ower str"!t"res in r"ral areas%oing b"siness in a istan


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&oal 2 A!hieve Universal rimar# -d"!ation (U&oal 2 A!hieve Universal rimar# -d"!ation (U

The $%& 2 for a istan targets 100 per!ent primar# s!hool enro

per!ent !ompletion of ed"!ation from grades 17' and an ++ per!en

rate.

8ate of primar# ed"!ation and !ompletion in!reased "p to the mid7

thereafter slowed and fl"!t"ated, and in 2011 12 were '3 per!ent a

per!ent respe!tivel#.

The litera!# rate is '+ per!ent overall, b"t this is highl# s ewed to

males7 30 per!ent males, 3 per!ent of females


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a istan is th"s off7tra! on all three targets and therefore not li

a!hieve $%&2.


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4arriers4arriersovert#

"lt"ral barriers:nade;"ate s!hool fa!ilities5ong wal s!hools

ivil !onfli!ts Nat"ral disasters

oor ;"alit# of tea!hing:% s


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&oal romote &ender -;"alit# and -mpower


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&oal romote &ender -;"alit# and -mpower ab at 1 .2' per!ent is ver# !lose to the $%& target b# !on

4alo!histan s fig"re of 2. 2 per!ent in 2010 11 is e/tremel# low.

There has been !onsiderable progress on in!reasing women s represent

legislative bodies. 6verall, with all fo"r indi!ators (with set targets) of ttra! , a istan is "nli el# to meet $%& .


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&oal romote &ender -;"alit# and -mpower


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4arriers4arriersBemale ed"!ation is low

5ess no role in politi!al de!ision ma ingCiolen!e against womenDob share


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&oal 8ed"!e !hild mortalit#&oal 8ed"!e !hild mortalit#

Under $%& , a istan has set itself the ob>e!tive of red"!ing the "nder7five

mortalit# (U'$8) b# two7thirds. The !o"ntr# has shown slow and grad"al progress on all the indi!ators related

Under7five moralit# fell from 113

deaths in 1990 91 to +9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2012 1 and the in

in this period from 102 to 3 deaths

per 1,000 live births.

owever, both are still short of the $%& targets of '2 deaths per 1,000

for "nder7five mortalit#, and 0 deaths per 1,000 live births for infant


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&oal 8ed"!e !hild mortalit#&oal 8ed"!e !hild mortalit#

The !overage for f"ll# imm"niEed !hildren in!reased from 3' to +0 per!

measles imm"niEation from +0 to +1 per!ent in this period both are starget of above 90 per!ent !overage.


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4arriers4arriers%#sf"n!tional health s#stem

overt#, "nder n"tritionBemale ed"!ation and empowerment?o!io !"lt"ral and belief s#stems determine ho"sehold pra!ti!es ansee ing behaviors.B"nding

?e!"rit# problems with health wor ers. No a!!o"ntabilit# of poor performan!e.


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&oal ' :mprove $ental ealth&oal ' :mprove $ental ealth

4# 201', a istan intends to red"!e the maternal mortalit# rate ($$8) b# three

and ens"re "niversal a!!ess to reprod"!tive health.6ver the past de!ade or so, a renewed fo!"s on providing timel# and effi!ient

options to women of !hildbearing age is apparent. a istan has shown !onsid

ins"ffi!ient progress for a!hieving the targets set for 201'.

$$8 has been almost halved (down to 23* per 100,000 births in 200* 03), !o

"sage has almost tripled ("p to '. per!ent), proportion of births attended b#

attendants (?4As) have more than do"bled ("p to '2.1 per!ent), and antenatal !

have more than ;"adr"pled ("p to *+ per!ent) sin!e 1990 91.


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&oal ' :mprove $ental ealth&oal ' :mprove $ental ealth

The total fertilit# rate at .+ remains !onsiderabl# higher than the targe

6verall, a istan is off tra! on all indi!ators and therefore "nli el# to $%& '.


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4arriers4arriersoor no health ed"!ation

overt#, proper n"trition not a!!essible%#sf"n!tional health s#stem5a! of f"nds5ess familiariEation programmes


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&oal * ombat :C A:%? $alaria and other %&oal * ombat :C A:%? $alaria and other %

$%& * strives to reverse the spread of :C A:%? and the in!iden!e of

other ma>or diseases.$ost of the indi!ators show positive trends, parti!"larl# in the !ase of :

prevalen!e among pregnant women, and dete!tion and provision of hea

T4 patients.

The latter has been a!hieved and the former is li el# to be.owever, the #ear on #ear growth of overall T4 !ases ("p to 2 0 !ases

pop"lation) represents one of the worst faring indi!ators for a istan in

$%&s. :C A:%? trends among v"lnerable gro"ps are also alarming.


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The proportion of people in malaria ris areas "sing effe!tive preventio

treatment meas"res remains low (3' per!ent against the target of 0 pera istan is off7tra! on three o"t of five indi!ators and therefore "nli

$%& *.


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4arriers4arriersoor nowledge of the less ed"!ated

&overnment role not appre!iable%#sf"n!tional health s#stem:nse!"rit# of health wor ers

oor sanitation


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&oal 3 -ns"re -nvironmental ?"stainabilit#&oal 3 -ns"re -nvironmental ?"stainabilit#

$%& 3 aims to promote s"stainable development, and has the target of proportion of people witho"t s"stainable a!!ess to safe drin ing water asanitation, and bringing abo"t a signifi!ant improvement in the lives ofdwellers.

6f the seven $%& 3 indi!ators, a istan is on tra! to a!hieve fo"rF prareas for wildlife !onservation (11.* per!ent against the target of 12 perred"!ing s"lph"r !ontent in high speed diesel, improving &% per "nit (meas"re of energ# effi!ien!#) and improving a!!ess to safe drin ing w

per!ent against the target of 9 per!ent).owever, it is lagging on a!!ess to sanitation !"rrentl# 32 per!ent of th

pop"lations have a!!ess to this fa!ilit# against a target of 90 per!ent.


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&oal 3 -ns"re -nvironmental ?"stainabilit#&oal 3 -ns"re -nvironmental ?"stainabilit#

6verall, with fo"r o"t of seven indi!ators on tra! , a istan is li el# to$%& 3 with !ontin"ed efforts this is the onl# goal where the ma>orit#are on7tra! to be attained.


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4arriers4arriers%#sf"n!tional health s#stem5a! of f"nds:nade;"ate ind"strial environmental management%isaster management !ellsB"nds


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G l D l Gl ! l * t hiGoal Develop a Glo!al *artnership or


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Goal , - Develop a Glo!al *artnership orGoal , - Develop a Glo!al *artnership orDevelopmentDevelopment

&oal + represents the !ollaborative efforts and !ommitments of the developing an

developed !o"ntries to foster m"ltilateral, bilateral and regional north7so"th trade. Uthis $%& the developed !o"ntries have !ommitted finan!ial, te!hni!al and !apa!it#

development s"pport.

Bor a istan, efforts to improve mar et a!!ess regionall# and globall# a!hieved

res"ltsF there was an impasse in the %oha 8o"nd of


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&oal + %evelop a &lobal artnership for %evel&oal + %evelop a &lobal artnership for %evelo

*a.istan did secure pre erential trade agreements ith a

num!er o .ey partners (e/g/ Malaysia' Iran' 0hina' &ri 1an.a)/

The average tariffs imposed b# developed mar ets "pon developing mar et

imports, as one indi!ator of mar et a!!ess, are !omparativel# high for a ista

per!ent !ompared to * per!ent for developing mar et e!onomies.

%ebt s"stainabilit# indi!ators have shown improvement sin!e their highs in

6%A forms an important !omponent in the realiEation of $%& +.


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4arriers4arriersorr"ption

Unpredi!table politi!al sit"ationTerrorism5oansBoreign :nvestment


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The Gender Parity Index (GPI) is a socioeconomusually designed to measure the relative accessto education o males and emales/ In its simplest orm' itis calculated as the quotient o the num!er o emales !ythe num!er o males enrolled in a given stage oeducation (primary' secondary' etc/)/ It is used !yinternational organi2ations' particularly in measuring theprogress o developing countries/ The Institute or

&tatistics o 34&05 also uses a more general de6nition oG*I: or any development indicator one can de6ne theG*I relative to this indicator !y dividing its value or

emales !y its value or males/ 789 or example' som34&05 documents consider gender parity inliteracy/

Millenium Develpment Goals (Pakistan)

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