MicrosoftVirtual Academy

Hyper-V Management

Symon Perriman Jeff WoolseyTechnical Evangelist Principal Program Manager

MicrosoftVirtual Academy

First Half Second Half

(01) Introduction to Microsoft Virtualization

(05) Hyper-V Management

(02) Hyper-V Infrastructure (06) Hyper-V High Availability

and Live Migration

(03) Hyper-V Networking (07) Integration with System Center

2012 Virtual Machine Manager

(04) Hyper-V Storage(08) Integration with Other

System Center 2012 Components

** MEAL BREAK **

Introduction to Hyper-V Jump Start

MicrosoftVirtual Academy

• Management options• Hyper-V Manager• Moving to Windows

Server 2012 Hyper-V• Creating virtual

machines• Resource pools• Operating system

support

Agenda• Cloning virtual

machines• Management tools• Hyper-V snapshots• Windows PowerShell• Security• RemoteFX

Hyper-V Manager

Command Line

WMI

Integrated Tool Experience

Numerous Management Options

System Center 2012 - VirtualMachine Manager

System Center 2012 -Operations Manager

System Center 2012 - App Controller

System Center 2012 - Configuration Manager

System Center 2012 - Data Protection Manager

System Center 2012 - Orchestrator

Failover Cluster Manager

Windows PowerShell

RSAT

Hyper-V Manager

Hyper-V Manager

Hyper-V Manager Console

Hyper-V VM settings

Overview of Hyper-V Settings

Hyper-V servers Listing of virtualmachines

Hyper-V server actions

Virtual machine actions

Snapshots

Details of selected VM

Default folder locations

Overview of Server Settings

User settings

Keyboard actions

VM Connection ApplicationUsed to manage local or remote virtual machinesInstalled with Hyper-V or RSATUses RDP on port 2179Uses the mstsc.exe Active-X controlRequires port 2179 open on Windows Firewall

Moving to Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V

Moving VMs to a Windows Server 2012 HostExport / ImportExport VMs that are not running (Export-VM)

Saves snapshots, VHDs, VMs, config XMLImport VMs (Import-VM)

Move VM (keeps same unique ID) (Move-VM)Copy VM (creates new unique ID)Duplicate VM (allows for multiple new VMs)

Backup / RestoreVaries based on backup provider

MigrationServer migration tools

Creating Virtual Machines

Creating Virtual MachinesNameLocationMemoryNetworkVirtual hard diskOperating system

New-VM, New-VHD, New-VMSwitch

Virtual Machine Installation Methods

Install from an .ISO

Install from a boot floppy

Install using CD/DVD

Dynamic MemoryHyper-V memory enhancement introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1Higher VM consolidation ratios on same hardware with minimal performance impactMemory is pooled and dynamically distributed across VMs to allow it to easily grow or shrink with no service interruptionActive Memory addition

Memory is added immediately when VM needs itPassive Memory reclamation

Unutilized memory is collected every 5 minutes

Dynamic MemorySupports both server and desktopVM Guests are enlightenedGuest Integration Components installedMust be updated to 2012

Memory is added and removed via synthetic memory driver (memory VSC) support Can be done while the VM is running

Dynamic Memory SettingsStartup RAM: Memory needed to boot VMGuest OS + AppsDefault: 512 MB

Maximum RAM: Memory limit for the VMDefault: 1TB

Memory Buffer: Free memory to try to maintain in the VMEnables responsiveness for workload burstsAllows use for file cache

Memory Priority: Order in which VMs are allocated memoryRange: Low – HighDefault: mid-range

Root Memory ReserveRoot memory reserve is kept for the parent partitionHost reserve amount is automatically calculated based on SLAT capability, total size of host RAM, NUMA architectureNew registry key override added

Allows you to reserve static memory for the parent partitionMay result in less memory being available for VMs

Dynamic Memory allows VMs to push up against the reserve consistentlyNew behavior better protects parent partition from VMs taking too much memoryHost Reserve

VM Overhea

dMemory utilized by VMs

VM Reserve

Operating System Support

Supported Guest Operating SystemsWindows Server 2012, 2008 R2, 2008, 2003 R2Windows Home Server 2011, Small Business Server 2011, MultiPoint ServerWindows 8, Windows 7 , Vista, XP SP2+Ubuntu 12.04, CentOS 5.7+, Redhat 5.7+ and SUSE Linux Server 11 SP2, Open SUSE 12.1Other operating systems no longer supported by Microsoft may still work, but are not officially supportedCurrent list: http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831531.aspx

Linux on Hyper-VLinux workloads can be consolidated into VMs running on to a Microsoft hypervisor at no costSupported Linux guest operating systems: Ubuntu 12.04, CentOS 5.7+, Redhat 5.7+ and SUSE Linux Server 11 SP2, Open SUSE 12.1Hyper-V hosted Linux VMs can leverage high-end enterprise features: High Availability Live Migration, Shared Nothing Live Migration VM Replication with Hyper-V Replica

Linux VMs can be managed centrally from System Center 2012 – Virtual Machine Manager (VMM)VM scale improvements (CPU, memory, disk, etc.)

Hyper-V Integration ServicesIntegration Components (ICs) make a guest OS aware that it is running in a VMMany ICs come pre-installed with Hyper-V on a simulated “Setup Disk” which can be installed from the Action menuIntegration service settings managed from the VM settings

Cloning Virtual Machines

Cloning Domain ControllersWindows Server 2012 Hyper-V supports VM-GenerationIDCan clone a DCMust be running Windows Server 2012PDC Emulator role holder must be online and available and running Windows Server 2012Must be a member of the Cloneable Domain Controllers group in ADUses New-ADDCCloneConfig cmdlet in Windows PowerShell

Management Tools

Failover Cluster ManagerIntegrated with Hyper-VDeploy, configure, manage and connect to VMs from this interfaceLaunch Hyper-V wizardsSupports 8000 VMs per clusterManage clustered VMs using Failover Cluster Manager or System Center 2012 – Virtual Machine Manager

Move-ClusterVirtualMachine Update-ClusterVirtualMachineConfigurationAdd-ClusterVirtualMachineRole

Windows PowerShellServer Core, Hyper-V Server 2012 & RSAT Remoting supportHyper-V integration

Also supports failover clustering and Virtual Machine Manager

Windows Management InstrumentationWMI APINative WMI scriptingCommunity Windows PowerShell LibraryVMM 2012 Windows PowerShell Library

Useful when VMM server not availableUse WMIC (WMI Command Line) to access Hyper-VAlso supports failover clustering and Virtual Machine Manager

Remote Server Administration ToolsRSAT allows server management on clientConnect to hostsFree downloadhttp://www.microsoft.com/en-au/download/details.aspx?id=28972

Must enable feature on clientSelect Role Administration ToolsSelect Hyper-V Tools

Remote Desktop Connection ManagerRemote desktop connection management at scale Connect to hosts or VMsRuns on server & clientFree downloadhttp://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=21101

Remote ConnectionsRemote Desktop ProtocolLaunch MSTSC(.exe)Connect to Hosts or VMs

Hyper-V ManagerRight-click Hyper-V ManagerClick Connect to ServerConnect to hostsSimilar experience with RSAT

Virtual Machine ManagerCentralized virtual machine deployment and management for Hyper-V, Virtual Server, failover clusters, and VMware ESX serversRapid provisioning of new and virtual machines with templatesCentralized library of infrastructure componentsAllow for delegated management and access of VMs

Hyper-V Snapshots

Hyper-V VM SnapshotsSnapshotsA point-in-time copy of a virtual machineDo not affect the running state of a virtual machineSnapshot any guest OSVM can be running, off, stopped or saved, but not pausedIn VMM, snapshots are called checkpoints

Snapshot filesVM configuration .XML file (*.xml)Save state files (*.vsv)VM memory contents (*.bin)Snapshot differencing disk (*.avhd)

In Windows Server 2012, when a snapshot is deleted, the .avhd files are deleted without needing to shut down the VM

Checkpoint-VM, Export-VMSnapshot, Get-VMSnapshot, Rename-VMSnapshot, Remove-VMSnapshot

Snapshot WorkflowPause the VMCreate differencing disk for VHDMake a copy of the VM configuration fileResume the VMSave contents of the VM to disk

Snapshot Design ConsiderationsCan now be used in production environments 2012 has support for snapshot restoration of domain controllers – but everything has to be 2012

Should be used in testing and training environments May consume a significant amount of hard disk space Can have unexpected results when deleted Cannot be used with pass-through disksConfigure storage location before taking first snapshot

Managing Hyper-V Snapshots Create snapshotApply – Erases current state but prompts to take a new snapshotRevert – Returns VM to last snapshotDelete – Will not impact other snapshotsDeleting subtree removes all down-level snapshots

Merging – Deleting current snapshot will merge with parentSettings – Can only update name & notesRenameExport

Windows PowerShell

Common Windows PowerShell CmdletsNew-VM Get-VM

Remove-VM Import-VM

Export-VM Checkpoint-VM

Export-VMSnapshot Get-VMSnapshot

Convert-VHD New-VHD

Merge-VHD Mount-VHD

Start-VM Stop-VM

Save-VM Suspend-VM

Get-VMHost Set-VMHost

Set-VMResourcePool Set-VMReplication

Security

Keep the Parent SimpleUse server coreReallyLess code

Fewer patchesLess third party code

Less temptation to install other applications / workloads

Keep the parent for Hyper-V onlyDon’t install other rolesDon’t install third-party programsDon’t browse the web

Keep the Parent Up-to-dateSimple. Obvious. Important.Microsoft provides numerous options:Windows Update

Built-in to Windows & Windows ServerWindows Server Update Services (WSUS)

Built-in to Windows ServerSystem Center Configuration Manager

Centralized management for wide ranging systems, devices and endpoints

Delegate AdministrationParent Administrator = Power over everythingParent Administrator not needed for virtualization administrationCan be done with in-box tools or with SCVMM

Keep Guests Up-to-dateSimple. Obvious. Important.Microsoft provides numerous options:Windows Update

Built-in to Windows & Windows ServerWindows Server Update Services (WSUS)

Built-in to Windows ServerSystem Center Configuration Manager

Centralized management for wide ranging systems, devices and endpoints

Windows Server Compliance Manager

Hyper-V support built-inProvides centralized security baseline management featuresHelp you plan, deploy, operate and manage security baselines

Free Downloadhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg236605.aspx

Backup and Restore with Windows Server BackupUses Volume Shadow ServiceWSB is volume-based backupMust backup all volumes hosting VM files

Online backup, unlessIntegration Services not installedOS does not support VSSDynamic Disks

WSB now has support for VMs on Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)

Resource MeteringAllows organizations to chargeback usage to business units or external customers with historical dataUses Windows PowerShell cmdlets or WMI callsMeasurements available:

Average CPU usageAverage physical memory usageMinimum/Maximum memory usage Maximum amount of disk space allocated to a virtual machineTotal incoming/outgoing network traffic for a virtual network adapter

RemoteFX

RemoteFXHardware/Software GPUAdaptive graphicsSupport for WAN connectionsSupport for Multi-TouchUSB redirectionMedia remoting

• There are numerous management for Hyper-V including server tools, client tools, scripting and remote management

• Use Failover Cluster Manager when working with clustered VMs

• Use System Center 2012 - Virtual Machine Manager when working with a large number of VMs

Takeaways

©2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Office, Azure, System Center, Dynamics and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.