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BTS TDI September 2014| 1
Walkability and Accessibility Rating
Michael Tanner
October 2014
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• Background of the project
• Standard datasets to rate walkablity and accessibility
• Methods of bringing data together
• NSW Interchanges
• The spatial future and measuring walk events
• Your feedback
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Walk21 Charter
Our vision is to maximise the value of location intelligence in decision making, planning and service delivery for the benefit of NSW Government, industry and communities.
Supportive land-use and spatial planningCommunities have the right to expect land-use and spatial planning policies which allow them to walk to the majority of everyday services and facilities, maximising the opportunities for walking, reducing car-dependency and contributing to community life.
NSW Spatial Strategy
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Walking and Public Transport
In the TfNSW Integrated Public Transport Service Planning guidelines walking is a mode and is measured as criteria of access to services and facilities.
Increase the percentage of the population living within 30 minutes by public transport of a city or major centre in metropolitan Sydney– Walking is assumed
Walking catchment is generally within 800 metres (as the crow flies) of the stop/wharf for bus and ferry services.
The measurement of walk catchments as an indicator of accessibility to services has been used by transport planners since the 40’s
State Plan Measures: Planning policy to encourage job growth in centres close to where people live and to provide access by public transport.
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Technology changing the game
The 70’s with compass, pencils, roadometre and dot grids..
The 80’s spatial software – distances as the crow fly's from routes with population estimates base on geography.
• the 90’s spatial software – network distances to access points and population based on land use.
Now – real time data via from smart devices, ticketing, GPS infra red detectors, laser scanners, ?
• the 00’s spatial software – network distances, walk times and to access points and population estimated on address points
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There are commercial products such as WalkScore ® that will provide a single location, suburb or city a walkablity score based on the built environment and distance measures.
The AURIN Portal walkability tools and guidance on the use and then describes some of the methods of measuring walkability
The Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario, Canada using ArcGIS model builder have automated the analysis so it is easily repeated
Advances is spatial software and data allow not just catchments but the walkabilty to be assessed
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Walkability Rating
The TfNSW requires a strategic tool is to provide a consistent and accurate to measure of walk to assist in identify where infrastructure funding for walking may be spent.
In the Metropolitan Sydney the BTS will use Household Travel Survey data to investigate measures and the correlation with minutes walked per respondent from the HTS.
The rating tool is a strategic tool for use at the local area. It is a coarse sieve of locations.
The tool at this point is Sydney Metropolitan centric.
The majority of the datasets have Australian coverage and are OpenSource
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The foundation of all of the spatial tools is the ability analyse proximity, length and associated
attributes.
The spatial data listed is focus on the built environment and demographics. The suggested data have been complied from a literature review on spatial data and walkablity
The data freely available and in multiple formats
Ideally the application would be built and delivered using OpenSource software
Most importantly outputs will be consistent and the evidence transparent
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Spatial DataSources:
• Australian Bureau of Statistics• Bureau of Transport Statistics• Bureau of Crime Statistics• OpenStreetMap ©
Feature Types:
• Points• Polygons• Lines• Nodes
Analysis Types:
• Networks distance measures• Adjacent features• Overlaying features• Routeing• Networks• Grid
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Spatial Data and Measures
Geography
Meshblock - ABS
Population and Dwelling
Statistical Area 1 - ABS
Demographics of ResidentsMeasuring number of Vehicles
Destination Zones - ABS
EmploymentEmployment CategoryMode of Travel
Measure Walkablity Potential
Density per Ha
Vehicles / persons >= 17 and < 80Mode of Travel from home
Mode of Travel to EmploymentDistance Live and work within< 3km , 3km - 5km, >5km
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Spatial Data Indicators and Attractors
Geography
Roads –OpenStreet
Meshblocks –ABS
Destination Zone –ABS
Measure Walkablity
ConnectivityIntersection density, Intersection typeLink length, Curvature and Cul De SacLength of pathLength of road classLength of bike path
Land useLength link with commercialLength link with green spaceArea green space open space(river/beach/harbour)
Services (Retail)Services (Commercial)Services (Education)
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Spatial Data Safety and Perception
Geography
Local Government Area –Centre Road Safety
Local Government Area andHot Spot AnalysisBOCSAR
Measure Inhibitors
Pedestrian Accidents / per 1000 of aLocal Government Area
Malicious damage to property Assaults - non-domestic violence Sexual OffencesTransport regulatory offences Offensive conduct Harassment threatening Steal from person
Hot spot Analysis of Malicious damage to property, these attributes assignedto links and measured by length and intensity
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Analysis
Using Spatial software all locations areadded to the network and network metrescalculated. Each point receives a summary of attractors, inhibitors and potential
A diagrammatic view of a link for inhibitors
Link
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Analysis
A diagrammatic view of a link for inhibitors
Link
A diagrammatic view of a link withbuilt environment measures
Link
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Spatial Data - Public Transport Reach
Geography
Transit StopTfNSW
Measure Attractor
Frequency of serviceInterchangeModeTravel time to CentreCategory of corridor (bus only)
Transit node location
Transit node attributesRoute, Frequency, Direction andTravel time catchment
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Providing the tools
The NSW government facilitates web services like Spatial Information Exchange and the NSW Globe.
The availability of OpenSource spatial software like GRASS and QGIS allow access to tools and analytics.
Providing the data and or tools through Cloud services such a ArcGIS Online.
Providing the data and or tools through Government agencies such as the E-planning tool.
OpenSource Spatial Developer Networks
GITHub, SourceForge,BitBucket, GitLab, LaunchPad,Gitorious
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Ticketing DataElectronic Ticketing Data will allow the analysis of customers interaction with public transport at interchanges and capacity at stops
Tap Off the mode
Tap On the mode
Transfer between the modes
The movement between modes such as time can be linked with connection and built attributes
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Detailed Spatial DataThe focus is on the customer and the interchange walk leg is assessed and can be
measured.
Walk between train and busBike lockerSignalised crossingPedestrian crossingToilets and facilities3 seats75% is coveredSurface is smoothStop has a shelter
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Tracking regular and more accurate
Top 10 personal GPS trackers, data stored in Cloud unless specified, this data can be harvested for analysis
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Thank You