Methodologies, strategies and experiences Virtualization
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Transcript of Methodologies, strategies and experiences Virtualization
Methodologies, strategies and experiences
Virtualization
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Definition
the abstraction of computer resources
a technique for hiding the physical characteristics of computing resources from the way in which other systems, applications, or end users interact with those resources1
1 Enterprise Management Associates
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Types and Players
Emulation - simulates complete hardware– Wine/Crossover
Hardware - simulates enough hardware– VMWare Workstation
Para-Virtualization - no hardware emulation, uses special API– Xen, VMWare ESX, User Mode Linux
OS-Virtualization - OS allows multiple secure virtual servers– Solaris Zones, BSD Jails, Linux-Vserver
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Advantages
Consolidation (of course!)– Cost cutting via:
• People resources - arguable
• Hardware resources
Security - depends on type
Rapid reboot of virtual environment
Rapid deployment of another environment
Cloning - rapid test environment
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Considerations
Shared memory - changes coming soonStorageThe kitchen sink effectPatch deployment / multiple versions– Positive or negative?
Many virtualization systems suffer from performance loss on some types of workloads (most loss found to be related to network and disk intensive tasks)– Solaris Zones does not suffer from this
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Xen
Para-virtualization
Primarily modified Linux and NetBSD systems as host system
Support for various Linux and BSD, OpenSolaris, Netware as guests
Version 3.0 unmodified Windows ok(?)
Can run multiple guest operating systems
Commercial support available from XenSource
Full virtualization now available with new hardware
Can migrate live domains to new hosts
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
VMWare
Server (formerly GSX)– Para-virtualization, Windows/Linux host OS– Support for various guest OS– Can run multiple guest OS– Free! - but need to buy add-ons for some features
ESX– Full virtualization – Support for various guest OS– Can run multiple guest OS– Expensive ($5K+ for full version per physical system)
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Solaris Zones
Operating system-level virtualization
Included with Solaris 10
Global zone vs Non-global zones– Global zone runs kernel– Global zone contains and used to administer non-global zones– Non-global zones can be given access to devices– Non-global zones cannot export filesystems via NFS
Non-global zones can be whole or sparse– Whole zones include own copy of all filesystems– Sparse zones share filesystems such as /usr with global zone– Sparse zones can take as little as 50-100MB
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Architecture Considerations
Solaris zones setup as sparse to save on disk space
Patching installed globally to all zones
Each zone has /zones for local files
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Where we are - Solaris Zones
All Solaris 10 servers setup with zones
Running on multiple hardware platforms
Global zone only used for server administration
All applications run on non-global zones
Zones setup as sparse zones
Largest implementation is on a T2000 with 8 non-global zones
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Where we are - Xen/VMWare
All Xen servers run ubuntuHardware platforms include Sun x2100, x4x00System setup to clone zones
VMWare used primarily on streaming services (Windows based)
Using virtualization as a tool for change/revision management
<shameless plug>- more information on change/revision management at Ramon’s “Pure Production” talk
later this week</shameless plug>
CANHEIT | Power Through Collaboration | May 27-30, 2007 | Virtualization - methodologies, strategies and experiences
Future Consideration
Private Network to manage global zones– “Real root” not accessible– Single VLAN for network booting
Virtuozzo
Solaris zone cloning
Hardware-level virtualization– Sun LDOMs will create a hardware hypervisor
VMWare ESX
PXE Boot - VMWare imaged systems