Meenu Filnal Doc

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PROJECT PRESENTATION

TV Studio

Automation


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1. INTRODUCTION

2. HISTORY & FUNDAMENTAL

3. ALL PROCESS OF T.V. STUDIO AUTOMATION

4. CONCLUSION


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Introduction.

To automate broadcasting operations. Usedeither at a broadcast network, radio station ora television Broadcast automation

incorporates the use of broadcastprogramming technology ion station; it canrun a facility in the absence of a humanoperator. They can also run in a "live assist"

mode when there are on-air personnelpresent at the master control, televisionstudio or control room.


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HISTORY&FUNDAMENTAL IN EARLY DAYS OR YEARS WE USE ANALOGE T.V.

SYSTEM BUT NOW DAYS WE USE DIGITAL T.V.SYSTEM.FROM DIGITAL T.V.SYSTEM WE GET BETTER FEATURE IN

COMPRISION OF ANALOGE. IN THIS PROJECT WE 'LL SEE ABOUT WHAT IS

1. T.V.

2. STUDIO 3 .AUTOMATE BROADCASTING


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FUNDAMENTAL OF MONOCHROMEAND COLOUR TV SYSTEM

A picture can be considered to contain a

number of small elementary areas of light orshade which are called PICTUR ELEMENTS.

The elements thus contain the visual image of

the scene.


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Therefore the horizontal resolution of the

system is 5MHz.


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The PAL Colour Television System:-

The Colour Television:- It is possible to obtain any desired colour by

mixing three primary colours i.e. Red, Blue andgreen in a suitable proportion Additive Colour

Mixing. The figure shows the effect of projectingred, green, blue beams of light so that theyoverlap on screen.

Y=0.3 Red + 0.59 Green + 0.11 Blue

The Colour Television It is possible to obtain anydesired colour by mixing three primary coloursi.e., red, blue and green in suitable proportion


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If we transmit Y, R & B and derive G then:

Since

Y=0.3R + 0.59G + 0.11 B G=1.7Y - 0.51 R - 0.19 B

In such a case what happens with a colour TV

set when we transmit black and white signal.R and B are zero, but G gun gets 1.7 Y.


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STUDIO ACOUSTIC.......

A broadcasting studio is a room in studio complexwhich has been specially designed andconstructed to serve the purpose of originatingbroadcasting programs.

. Acoustic treatment is provided in studios,control rooms, and other technical areas in orderto achieve the acoustic conditions which havebeen found from experience to be suitable for

the various types of programmes. In this sectionproblems and design aspects of internal acousticsof a broadcast studio are explained.


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ACOUTIC STUDIO..


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ACOUSTIC TREATMENT .......

1. PROPAGATION OF SOUND WAVES

2. REVERBERATION TIME (R/T)

3. FACTOR COVERING R/T 4. EFFECTS OF REVERBERATION ON PROGRAM

5. DESIGN OF ROOM ACOUSTIC


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Activities in TV Studio:-

DIVIDED INTO TWO MAJOR AREAS SUCH AS:

* Action Area

* Production Control Room

ACTION AREA

This place requires large space and ceiling ascompared to any other technical area. Action in

this area includes staging, lighting performanceby artists and arrangement to pick up picture andsound.


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* Digital clock display.

* Audio and video monitoring facilities.

* SOUND CONTROL & EFFECT

* Pick up wall sockets for audio operations.

* Luminaries and suspension system having grids

or battens. * Tie lines box for video and audio from control

room.


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Camera control unit:-

The TV camera which includes camera head with its opticalfocusing lens. Pan and tilt head, video. Single pre- amplifierview finder and other associated electronic circuiting andmounted on cameras trolley and operate inside the studio.

The colour camera chain comprises the following basicassembly:

* colour camera

* Camera control unit

* Connection unit

* Multi wire cable * Camera view finder


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DIMMER ROOM .....

Dimmer Room consists of light control system whichgives the various lightening effects in the studio.

The light control system designed for television studiocomprises of

i. A light control desk.

ii. Electronic dimmer rack.

iii. Power distribution and control panel. iv. Studio lights.

v. Talk back system.


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Talk Back System: ......

This type of system is very useful for TV

Studios, theatres etc. this system is based on

duplex communication system & has 4

stations one master and three slaves.

Special advantages of this:-

(1) Any one can talk to anyone.

(2) Master can talk to all stations at a time.

(3) It can hand off loud speaking type.


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Light Control: .......

The lighting arrangements in a TV studio have

to be very elaborate. A large number of lights

are used to meet the need of "key" "fell" and

"back" lights etc. Lights are classified as spotand soft lights.


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V. T .R. (Video tape recording):.......

It is the most complex piece of studio

equipment with analog and digital processor

servo system, micro-processor, memory, logic

circuits and mechanical devices etc.

. It houses at least two console type 'A video

tape recorders' (V.T.R.) and a few broadcast

standard video cassette recorder (V.C.R.).


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During the original transmission the

programme tapes are played back from the

V.T.R the audio and video labels can also be

adjusted from here.

The format of programme from mini D.V.C to

J3 is transferred in the V.T.R room, DD news,

OTR(off telecast recording) is also recorded forthe use in original news programme.

AUTOMATION BROADCASTING


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AUTOMATION BROADCASTING

THROUGH SATTELITE

COMMUNICATION........... What is satellite:

A satellite is an object which has been placed

into orbit by human endeavor. Such objectsare sometimes called artificial satellites to

distinguish them from natural satellites such

as the Moon.


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Purpose of satellite communication:

To cover wide Area in one go.

To provide signal for distribution over AIR,Doordarshan Networks & cable.

To have interlink between different AIR&TV

centres for contribution of programmes like

T V TRANSMITTER ANTENNA


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T.V. TRANSMITTER ANTENNA

SYSTEM:-

TV Antenna System is that part of the Broadcasting Network whichaccepts RF Energy from transmitter and launches electromagneticwaves in space.

The polarization of the radiation as adopted by Doordarshan islinear horizontal.

The installed antenna system should fulfil the followingrequirement:

a) It should have required gain and provide desired field strength atthe point of reception.

b) It should have desired horizontal radiation pattern and directivityfor serving the planned area of interest. The radiation patternshould be Omni directional if the location of the transmittingstation is at the centre of the service area and directional one, if thelocation is otherwise.


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CONCLUSION

The technology currently in use at PrasarBharati has improved significantly.

At this stage there has been advancement in

signal reception quality as systems havechanged from analog to digital with theadvancement in different audio and videocompression techniques.

For Doordarshan, DTH (Direct To HomeService) satellite services have become more.


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Also, presently the Prasar Bharati, i.e.

Doordarshan is all going to broadcast the

commonwealth games to be held in New Delhi

in HDTV.

Slowly but steadily, the AIR and Doordarshan

family of Prasar Bharati is growing day by day

and working for the next generationbroadcasting technique in India.


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Thank you

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