Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal...

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Medieval Exploration

Transcript of Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal...

Page 1: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Medieval Exploration

Page 2: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Myth of the Flat Earth

Page 3: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Early Explorers

Irish monksAsceticismMissionary zeal

St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6th century)

Iceland?

Page 4: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 5: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

St. Brendan and his Sea Monster from a 15th century manuscript

Page 6: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Kverkarhellir cave and cross found at Seljalandshellar cave

Page 7: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

The “Dark” Ages

Germanic migrations

Foundation/Expansion of Islam

Subsistence agriculture (at best)

Breakdown of trade networks

Page 8: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 9: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 10: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Return to Exploration

Crusades1095-??Crusader kingdoms in the Levant (1099-

1291) Cultural, intellectual, religious exchange

Prester John (1175)

Page 11: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Mass Exploration: Pilgrimage

Local pilgrimage

International travel, especially to the Levant

Pilgrimage guides

Pilgrimage badges

Page 12: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 13: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 14: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 15: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
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Johannes de Plano (1182-1252)

Franciscan friar

Visited court of the khan (Qara Qorum) 1245-1247

Page 17: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

William of Rubruck (1220-1293)

Franciscan friar

Intense

To Qara Qorum (1253-1255)

Page 18: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Route of William of Rubruck

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John of Monte Corvino (1246-1328)

Commissioned as papal legate to Mongol court (1289)

Page 20: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)
Page 21: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Multicultural Qara Qorum

Merchants

Silversmiths/craftsmenParisian/Venetian

Yanhzhou Franciscan convent European enclave

Page 22: Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6 th century)

Marco Polo (ca 1254-1324)

Venetian Merchant Cathay- 17 years in the East Diplomatic/exploration missions for the Khan Governor of Yangzhou Return to Venice Prison

Il Milione