Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal...
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Transcript of Medieval Exploration. Myth of the Flat Earth Early Explorers Irish monks Asceticism Missionary zeal...
Medieval Exploration
Myth of the Flat Earth
Early Explorers
Irish monksAsceticismMissionary zeal
St. Columbanus (540-615) St. Brendan (6th century)
Iceland?
St. Brendan and his Sea Monster from a 15th century manuscript
Kverkarhellir cave and cross found at Seljalandshellar cave
The “Dark” Ages
Germanic migrations
Foundation/Expansion of Islam
Subsistence agriculture (at best)
Breakdown of trade networks
Return to Exploration
Crusades1095-??Crusader kingdoms in the Levant (1099-
1291) Cultural, intellectual, religious exchange
Prester John (1175)
Mass Exploration: Pilgrimage
Local pilgrimage
International travel, especially to the Levant
Pilgrimage guides
Pilgrimage badges
Johannes de Plano (1182-1252)
Franciscan friar
Visited court of the khan (Qara Qorum) 1245-1247
William of Rubruck (1220-1293)
Franciscan friar
Intense
To Qara Qorum (1253-1255)
Route of William of Rubruck
John of Monte Corvino (1246-1328)
Commissioned as papal legate to Mongol court (1289)
Multicultural Qara Qorum
Merchants
Silversmiths/craftsmenParisian/Venetian
Yanhzhou Franciscan convent European enclave
Marco Polo (ca 1254-1324)
Venetian Merchant Cathay- 17 years in the East Diplomatic/exploration missions for the Khan Governor of Yangzhou Return to Venice Prison
Il Milione