Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine...
Transcript of Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine...
![Page 1: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The digestive system Medicine and technology
• Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example diseases and therapies
![Page 2: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The digestive system An overview (1)
Oesophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Liver (hepar)
Pancreas
Biliary system
![Page 3: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mucosa
Inner muscle layer Outer muscle layer
Mesentery
Nerve plexa
The digestive system An overview (2)
![Page 4: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The digestive system Blood flow
![Page 5: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The digestive system Nerve supply
![Page 6: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The digestive system The four basic functions
• Motility • Secretion • Digestion • Absorption
Regulation
![Page 7: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Motility
![Page 8: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Secretion og absorption
![Page 9: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Digestion and absorption
![Page 10: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Regulation
Endocrine Nervous Paracrine
Luminal
![Page 11: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The digestive system Main diagnostic methods
• Basic clinical examination • Radiology • Endoscopies • Other methods
![Page 12: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Gastrointestinal radiology - basic (1)
![Page 13: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CT upper abd-normal Ultrasound upper abd-normal
Gastrointestinal radiology - basic (2)
![Page 14: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gastrointestinal endoscopy - basic (1)
![Page 15: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Biopsy forceps Snare Hemoclip
Gastrointestinal endoscopy - basic (2)
![Page 16: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gastrointestinal endoscopy - Taking a biopsy -
![Page 17: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Gastrointestinal endoscopy – the diatermy principle
Coagulation mode
Cutting mode • Continous current • Sinus mode
Both mono- and bipolar systems can be used for cutting or coagulation or as mixed modes
• Interrupted current (50-100) • Square pulses
![Page 18: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
“Other” methods – one example (1a) Small intestinal examination - enterocapsule
![Page 19: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
“Other” methods – another example (1b) Small intestinal examination – ballon enteroscope
![Page 20: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
“Other” methods – yet another example (2a) Manometry and pH in the oesophagus
![Page 21: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
“Other” methods – the latest for pH (2b) Wireless logging of pH in the oesophagus
![Page 22: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Oesophagus, stomach and
duodenum
![Page 23: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Oesophagus (1) - normal
![Page 24: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Oesophagitis Barrett Stenosis
Oesophagus (2) – reflux oesophagitis
![Page 25: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Oesophagus (3) – reflux oesophagitis - Laparoscopic surgery -
![Page 26: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Oesophagus (4) – reflux and stricture - Endoscopic dilatation -
![Page 27: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Oesophagus (5) - cancer
![Page 28: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Oesophagus (6) - cancer - Staging by endoscopic ultrasound -
M
SM
MP S
Normal ultrasound image Lymph node metastasis
![Page 29: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Oesophagus (7) - cancer - Palliative stenting -
![Page 30: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Stomach – normal anatomy
![Page 31: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Stomach – normal endoscopy
![Page 32: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (1)
![Page 33: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (2) The major complications
• Bleeding • Perforation • Obstruction
![Page 34: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (3) – bleeding Arterial bleeding Injection therapy
The hemoclip
![Page 35: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (4) – argon plasma
![Page 36: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (5) - perforation
![Page 37: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Gastric ulcer (6) - obstruction
![Page 38: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The cause of the classic peptic ulcer Helicobacter pylori
Eradication (A) or not (B)
![Page 39: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Gastric cancer (1) - diagnosis
![Page 40: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Gastric cancer (2) - therapy
![Page 41: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Duodenum (normal)
![Page 42: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Duodenum (ulcer)
![Page 43: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Duodenum (what is this?)
![Page 44: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
The small intestine
![Page 45: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
The normal small intestine Barium double contrast X-ray
![Page 46: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Crohn’s disease of the small intestine
Barium X-ray Enteroscopy
![Page 47: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Diagnosis by capsule endoscopy
Bleeding Stricture
![Page 48: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Patient with weight loss and diarrhea (1)
Healthy person This patient
![Page 49: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Patient with weight loss and diarrhea (2)
Healthy person
![Page 50: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Large intestine and
rectum
![Page 51: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Large intestine – normal anatomy
![Page 52: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Rectum – normal anatomy
![Page 53: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The appendix
![Page 54: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Laparoscopic appendectomy An example of minimally invasive surgery
![Page 55: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Ulcerative colitis
![Page 56: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Polyps of the colon and polypectomy
![Page 57: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Cancer of the colon
Colonoscopy X-ray
![Page 58: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Cancer of the colon – surgical assessment
![Page 59: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Liver and the biliary system
![Page 60: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Liver (1) normal
![Page 61: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Liver (2) normal
![Page 62: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Liver (cirrhosis)
![Page 63: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Liver (portal hypertension)
Endoscopy Schematic Band ligation
![Page 64: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Regional anatomy of the Duodenum-pancreas-biliary system
![Page 65: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Ultrasound gallbladder
![Page 66: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Papilla Vateri
From above From below
![Page 67: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Endoscopic findings - papilla Vateri
Hemobilia Cancer Cholangitis
![Page 68: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Biliary cannulation through the papilla Vateri
![Page 69: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Endoscopic papillotomy (1)
![Page 70: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Endoscopic papillotomy (2)
Cannulation Incision
![Page 71: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Stone extraction
![Page 72: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
ERCP, papillotomy, stone extraction
![Page 73: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Stent - malignant obstruction of the bile ducts (1)
![Page 74: Medicine and technology Normal structure and …folk.ntnu.no/audunfor/7. semester/Medisin...Medicine and technology • Normal structure and function • Diagnostic methods • Example](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062917/5ed56192ef22fa14db5892fe/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Stent - malignant obstruction of the bile ducts (2)