Medical Terminology A Review of the Human Body. The Anatomical Position - erect standing position -...
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Transcript of Medical Terminology A Review of the Human Body. The Anatomical Position - erect standing position -...
Medical Terminology
A Review of the Human Body
The Anatomical Position• - erect standing
position - feet slightly separated - arms hanging
relaxed at the sides
- palms of hands facing forward
Anatomical Planes• FRONTAL (or coronal)
separates the body into Anterior and Posterior parts
• MIDSAGITTAL (or
median sagittal) separates body into equal Right and Left parts
• TRANSVERSE separates
the body into Superior and Inferior parts
• SAGITTAL any plane dividing the body into a left side and right side
Body Directions• Medial means
closer to the midline or middle.
• Lateral means further from the midline or toward the side.
• Anterior (Ventral) -at or toward the front
• Posterior (Dorsal) - at or toward the back
• Superior – above• Inferior – below• Proximal – nearer to the
point of attachment (the trunk)
• Distal – farther from the point of attachment
• Cephalic or cranial – toward the head
• Caudal – toward the lower end of the spine or buttocks
Body Cavities– dorsal body cavity
• cranial cavity – protects the brain
• Spinal cavity – spinal cord
– ventral body cavity• thoracic cavity – heart
and lungs• abdominopelvic cavity
– abdominal cavity –digestive organs
– pelvic cavity – reproductive and urinary organs
Pelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Diaphragm
Thoracic cavity
Cranial cavity
Dorsal c a vit y Ventral cavitySpinal
cavity
Divisions of the Abdomen
Regions• Right and Left Right and Left
hypochondriachypochondriac regions are below the ribs.
• EpigastricEpigastric region is upon or above the stomach
• Right and left lumbar Right and left lumbar regionsregions. Lumbar refers to the inward curve of the spine.
• Umbilical regionUmbilical region. (umbilic means naval and al means pertaining to.
• Right and left iliac regionsRight and left iliac regions refer to the hipbone area.
• HypogastricHypogastric region is below the stomach. The entire lower region of the abdomen is also referred to as the groin or inguinal area.
Peritoneum• The peritoneum is the
membrane that protects and supports the organs in the abdominal cavity.
• MED TERM ALERT ! -periton means peritoneum
-retro means behind or backward
Retroperitoneal means pertaining to behind the periotoneum.
Don’t forget
• lapar/o means abdomen