Mechatronics ME2401

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UNIT I

Mechatronics, Sensors and Transducers

Introduction to Mechatronics Systems

- What is Mechatronics?- Elements of Mechatronics Systems- Types of Mechatronics Systems- Examples of Mechatronics Systems- Advantages and Disadvantages of Mechatronics Systems

Measurement Systems

- What is a Measurement System?- Elements of a measurement system- Examples of a measurement system

Control Systems

- What is a control system?- Elements of a control system- Examples of a control systemTypes of control systems

i) Open loopii) Closed loop or feedbackOpen loop control system

- What is an open loop control system?- Elements of an open loop control system- Advantages and Disadvantages of an open loop control systemClosed loop control system

- What is a closed loop system?- Elements of a closed loop system- Examples of a closed loop system- Advantages and Disadvantages of a closed loop systemComparison between open loop and closed loop control systems

Automatic Control Systems

- What is an automatic control system?-

Examples of automatic control systems


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Sequential Controllers

- What is a sequential controller?- Examples of sequential controllers

Microprocessor based controllers- What is a microprocessor?- What is a microcontroller?- Basic structure of a PLC- Examples of Microprocessor based controllers c4444

Sensors and Transducers

- What is a sensor?- Classification of sensors- Measurement objectives

Performance Terminology

- Static characteristics- Dynamic characteristics

Displacement Sensors

- Potentiometer displacement sensor- Strain gauge displacement sensor- Capacitive displacement sensor- Inductive displacement sensor

Position Sensors

- Potentiometer- Capacitive sensor- Inductive position sensor (LVDT)- Hall effect sensor- Photoelectric sensor- Optical encoder

Proximity sensors

- Optical encoders- Hall effect sensor- Capacitive sensor- Eddy current proximity sensor- Inductive proximity sensor- Penumatic proximity sensor- Proximity switches

Velocity and Motion Sensors

- Incremental encoder- Tachogenerator- Pyroelectric sensors


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Force Sensors

- Strain gauge load cellFluid pressure sensors

- Diaphragm pressure sensor- Capsule pressure sensor- Bellow pressure sensor- Bourdon tube pressure sensor- Piezoelectric sensor- Tactile sensor

Liquid flow sensors

- Orifice meter- Venturi meter- Turbine flow meter

Liquid level sensors

- Gauge glass- Floats- Differential pressure liquid level detector

Temperature sensors

- Bimetallic strips- Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)- Thermistots- Thermocouples- Thermodiodes and Transistors

Light sensors

- Photoresistor- Photodiode- Phototransistor

Selection of sensors

- Factors considered while selecting sensors


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UNIT II

Actuation Systems

Peumatic and Hydraulic Systems

- Introduction to pneumatic systems- Basic elements of pneumatic systems- Introduction to hydraulic systems- Basic elements of hydraulic systems

Directional Control Valves (DCVs)

- What is a directional control valve?- Common forms of DCVs

i) Sliding spool valveii) Rotary spool valveiii) Poppet valve

- Valve symbols- Pilot operated valves- Directional Valve / Non return valve / Check valve- Pressure control valves- Process control valves

Rotary Actuator

- What is a rotary actuator?- Vane Actuator- Rack and pinion actuator

Mechanical Actuation Systems

- What is a mechanical actuation system?- Primary functions of mechanical actuation system

Cams- What is a cam?- Working principle of cam and follower- Types of cam- Tpes of cam followers

Gear Trains

- What is a gear train?- Advantages and Disadvantages of ___________- Types of gears\- Types of gear train


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Ratchel and pawl

- What is Ratchet and pawl?- Examples

Belt and chain drives

- What is a belt drive?- Advantages of belt drive- Types of belt drive- Types of belts- What is a chain drive?- Advantages and Disadvantages of belt and chain drives

Bearings

- What is a bearing?- Types of bearings- Selection of bearings

Electrical Actuation Systems

- What is an electrical actuation system?- Elements of an electrical actuation system

Mechanical Switches

- What is a mechanical switch?- Relays

Solid state switches- Diodes- Thyristors- TRIACs- Bipolar transistors- Power MOSFETS

Solenoids

- What is a solenoid?- Construction of a solenoid

DC Motors

- What is a DC Motor?- Principle, Construction, Working- Permanent magnet DC Motor- DC Motors with field coils

i) Series woundii) Shunt woundiii) Compound woundiv) Separately excited motor

- Control of DC Motors


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- Brushless permanent magnet DC MotorAC Motors

- Single phase squirrel cage induction motor (Construction, working, merits)- Three phase induction motors- Synchronous motors

Stepper motors

- What is a stepper motor?- Classification

i) Variable reluctanceii) Permanent magnetiii) Hybrid

- Specifications- Stepper Motor Control


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UNIT III

System Models and Controllers

Basic system model- Introduction to basic system model- Examples

Building blocks of mechanical system

- Two groupsi) Translationalii) Rotational

- Translational systems- Rotational systems- Building of a mechanical system

Building blocks of electrical system

- What are the building blocks of an electrical system?- Mesh analysis

i) Resistor Inductor (R-L) systemii) Resistor Capacitor (R-C) systemiii) Resistor Inductor Capacitor (R.L.C) system

Building blocks of fluid system

- Hydraulic system- Pneumatic system

Building blocks of thermal system

- What are the building blocks of a thermal system?- Building of thermal system

Rotational Translational systems

- Rack and pinion systemElectromechanical systems

- Potentiometer- DC Motor

Hydraulic Mechanical System

- What is a hydraulic mechanical system?- Example

Continuous and Discrete process controller

- Clock based system- Event based system- Lag


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- Steady state errorControl Modes

- What is a control mode?- Types of control modes

Two step mode / Two position or ON/OFF mode

- What is a two step mode?- Block diagram- Advantages

Proprtional Control Mode

- What is a proportional control mode?- Block diagram- Merits

Deriative Control Mode

- What is a derivative control mode?- Proportional Derivative control mode

Integral Control Mode

- What is an integral control mode?- Proportional Integral control mode

PID Controller

- What is a PID controller?- Block diagram

Digital Control

- Block diagramVelocity Control

- Block diagramAdaptive Control

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What is an adaptive control?- Gain scheduled control- Self tuning control- Model reference adaptive system

Digital Logic Control

- Review of number system- Codes

i) Weighted binaryii) Non-weighted binaryiii) Error detectingiv) Error correcting


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v) Alpha-numeric- Boolean Algebra- Combinational circuits- Sequential circuits- Counter- Logic gates- Magnitude Comparator- Encoder- Decoder- Code converters

Microprocessor Control

- What is a microprocessor control?- Structure-

Applications


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UNIT IV

Programming Logic Controllers

Programming Logic Controllers- What is a PLC?

Basic structure

- Block diagram of PLCInput / Output processing

- Input modules (Interfaces)- Output modules (Interfaces)- Various Input and Output devices- Methods of I/O processing

i) Continuous updatingii) Mass input / output copying

PLC Programming

- What is a ladder diagram?- Proper construction of ladder diagram- Process scanning considerations- Logic functions- Latching- Sequencing

Mnemonics

- What is Mnemonics?- Mitsubishi Menmonics

Timers

- What is a timer?- Delay ON timer- Cascaded timer- ON-OFF cyclic timer- Delay OFF timer

Internal Relays

- What is an internal relay?Counters

- What is a counter?- UP and DOWN counter

Shift Registers- What is a shift register?


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- Common applicationsMaster and Jump Control

- What is Master and Jump control?- Master control circuit- Jump control circuit

Data handling

- Data transfer operations- Data comparison instructions- Arithmetic operations- Code conversion

Analog Input / Output

- Block diagramSelection of a PLC

- Criterias to be considered


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UNIT V

Design of Mechatronic Systems

Stages in designing Mechatronics System- Stages involved in design process

Traditional and Mechatronic design

- Comparison- Examples

Possible Design Solutions

- Timed switch- Windscreen wiper motion- Weighing scale

Case studies of Mechatronics systems

- Pick and place robot- Automatic car park barrier- Engine management system

Advantages and Disadvantages of Mechatronics Systems over traditional

systems

Mechatronics ME2401

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