ARTICIAFICAL AIRWAYS Oral Nasal Tracheostomy Endotracheal

Purposes Relives airway obstruction Provide access for secretion removal Protect airway for gross aspiration Route for mechanical ventilator

Materials Mask Gloves ET tube Laryngoscope Macintosh curve (C) Miller straight (L) Batteries Lubricant Stylet Local anesthetic

Review ET/Tracheostomy care Cuff inflation Minimal occlusive volume put the stethoscope over the trachea and inject air (listen). Stop when you dont hear sounds anymore. Minimal leak technique 10cc of air and listen. Withdraw a little air, if you hear a little leak then it is okay already.

Mechanical Ventilator machine that generates a controlled flow of gas into a patients airways

Purposes: Decrease work of breathing Increase alveolar ventilation Maintain ABGs within normal range Increase distribution of gases

*Oxygenation, Breathing, Ventilation

Tidal Volume the volume of air inhaled and exhaled from the lungs Ventilator Setting (VS) 5-8ml/kg of ideal body wt. (pt. with non-restrictive pulmonary disease)

FiO2 (Fractioned inspired oxygen) Amount of oxygen patient receives

2 TYPES OF MECHANICAL PRESSURE Positive Pressure invasive Pressure cycled Volume cycled most commonly used Negative Pressure non-invasive (Iron Lung)

Check for DOPE Displacement (breath sounds), Obstruction (suctioned), Pneumothorax (Pressure), Equipment

ET care 24-48 hours (changing of placement)