Measurement of leakage in a novel gas seal at high temperature
Transcript of Measurement of leakage in a novel gas seal at high temperature
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Measurement of leakage in a novel gas seal at high
temperatureAlain AndersonGraduate Research Assistant
Luis San AndrésMast-Childs Professor
32nd Turbomachinery Research Consortium Meeting
May 2012
TRC 32513/15193S/ME
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Trends in High Performance Turbomachinery- More compact units (reduce axial length)- Extreme operating temperatures and pressures- More efficient & reliable
Justification
Issues of Importance- Reduce parasitic leakage- Reduce specific fuel consumption & COST- Increase power delivery- Eliminate potential for rotordynamic instability
Source: Siemens
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Two year program (2010-12)- Conduct leakage tests with a HALOTM seal and a
three teeth labyrinth seal at- High temperatures (300°C) and high surface
speeds (120 m/s: 15 krpm)
TRC project objectives
Outcomes- Enable the application of new sealing technology- Increase system efficiency
- Reduce leakage- Eliminate wear of components- Extend maintenance intervals
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HT seal test rig
HOT AIR
EXHAUST DUCT
AIR OUT
1 Tapered roller bearings
7 Quill shaft
2 Shaft 8 Flexible coupling
3 Disk 9 Test seal
4 Pressure vessel 10 Metal Mesh Foil Bearing
5 Air inlet 11 Position rods
6 Motor 12 Eddy current sensors (X and Y directions)
Air gas Constant 287 J/kg-K
Supply Pressure, Ps 1.01 – 9.09 bar
Inlet Temperature, Ts 298 K - 573 K
Exhaust Pressure, Pa 1.01 bar
Ambient Temperature, Ta 298 K
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Bearing assembly
Hot air inlet100 psig MAX
Shaft
Eddy current sensors
MMFB
Disk
Test seal
Journal
HT seal test rig
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Test seals
Labyrinth Seal3 teeth
HALOTM SealCantilever pad
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Test seals
Labyrinth SealMaterial 4140 SteelCoefficient of Thermal Expansion 12.3 10-6/°COuter Diameter 183.05 mmInner Diameter (Upstream) 167.28 mmInner Diameter (Downstream) 167.10 mmAxial Length 8.48 mmPad Allowable Radial Movement 0.27 mmPad Axial Length, l 8.05 mmPad Arc Length (40°) 58.42 mmNumber of Pads 9Beam Axial Width 6.40 mmDiametral Clearance 0.43 mm
HALOTM SealMaterial 4140 SteelCoefficient of Thermal Expansion 12.3 10-6/°COuter Diameter 183.11 mmInner Diameter 167.35 mmAxial Length, l 8.40 mmNumber of Teeth 3Teeth Tip Width 0.17 mmCavity Depth 3.0 mmDiametral Clearance 0.49 mm
Disk Material 4140 Steel
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 12.3 10-6/°C
Outer Diameter 166.85 mm
Disk Thickness 44.45 mm
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Hydrostatic Advanced LOw Leakage SealAll metal non-contacting seal
The HALOTM seal
UpstreamFlowPa Ps
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LEAKAGE: Labyrinth seal
Flow rate decreases with gas temperature
due to: surfaces thermal
expansionlower air densityhigher viscosity
No rotational speed
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LEAKAGE: HALOTM seal
No rotational speed
HaLO’s leakage is a fraction of
labyrinth seal.Seal can
withstand higher pressures.
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Leakage Comparison: two seals
Labyrinth seal
HALOTM
seal
HALO seal has ~ 1/5 of the leakage in a labyrinth seal with ~ same clearance
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Flow Factor Comparison: two seals
Flow factor removes effect of temperature and seal size.HALO seal is very effective at high pressures because it is a controlled clearance seal.
DPTm
s
Labyrinth seal
HALOTM
seal
No rotational speed
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TRC project current status
• Leakage tests with both seals: rotation up to 3 krpm
• Estimations of drag power loss
• Timely modifications for operation at high rotor speed (12 krpm) await a new student
Questions (?)
In progress: