GIUNTA - The Motagua Suture Zone in Guatemala Fieldtrip Guidebook IGCP
MBRS Watershed Hydrology Río Motagua, Río Chamelecón and Río Ulúa Paul Kirshen & Ned Spang Río...
-
Upload
deborah-southern -
Category
Documents
-
view
228 -
download
2
Transcript of MBRS Watershed Hydrology Río Motagua, Río Chamelecón and Río Ulúa Paul Kirshen & Ned Spang Río...
MBRS Watershed Hydrology
MBRS Watershed Hydrology
Río Motagua, Río Chamelecón and
Río Ulúa
Paul Kirshen & Ned Spang
Río Motagua, Río Chamelecón and
Río Ulúa
Paul Kirshen & Ned Spang
WatershedsWatershedsWatershedsWatersheds
“an area of land within which all waters flow to a single river system”
---Heathcote 1998
“the specific land area that drains water into a river system or other body of water”
---The World Bank
“an area of land within which all waters flow to a single river system”
---Heathcote 1998
“the specific land area that drains water into a river system or other body of water”
---The World Bank
Features of a Typical Watershed
Reef
Overlandflow
Groundwaterflow
Countries: Guatemala, Honduras
Watershed Area: 12,670km2 Guatemala: 10,529 km2 Honduras: 2,141km^2
Average Annual Precipitation: 1,400 mm
Length: 487 km Average Discharge:
530m^3/sec
Countries: Guatemala, Honduras
Watershed Area: 12,670km2 Guatemala: 10,529 km2 Honduras: 2,141km^2
Average Annual Precipitation: 1,400 mm
Length: 487 km Average Discharge:
530m^3/sec
Source: Gulf of Honduras: Preliminary Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, Final Draft (August 2003) Abt Associates/ Woods Hole Group, Global Environment Facility--Inter-American Development Bank Project Development Facility (PDF-B), pp. 5-6.
Photo Source: www.guate360.com/galeria/postcards.php
Río MotaguaRío Motagua
Río Motagua: Monthly Flow Hydrograph - 2004
(Morales)
Río Motagua: Monthly Flow Hydrograph - 2004
(Morales)
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
chAp
rilMay
June Ju
ly
Augu
st
Sept
embe
r
Octob
er
Novem
ber
Decem
ber
Month
Avera
ge F
low
(m
^3
/s)
Resumen De Estaciones Hidrometricas De La Republica De Guatemala, (2005) INSIVUMEH, Guatemala.
Río Motagua: Water Use/AvailabilityRío Motagua: Water Use/Availability
Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.
Water Quality StationsWater Quality StationsStation
1a
Puente Orellan
a
Gualan
Rio Hondo:
-Station 1a
Rio Motagua:
-Gualán
-Puente Orellana
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
Lead
(m
g/L)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Gualan Puente Orellana
Drinking Water Quality Standard (USA)
Lead in Río Motagua
Río Motagua: Water Quality
Río Motagua: Water Quality
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
Pho
spha
te-P
(m
g P
/L)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Gualan Puente Orellana
Eutrophic (0.05 mg/L)
Phosphate – P
Río Motagua: Water Quality
2
Río Motagua: Water Quality
2
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Total Dissolved Solids Turbidity
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
To
tal D
isso
lve
d S
olid
s (m
g/L
)
100
150
200
250
300
350
Gualan Puente Orellana
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
Tu
rbid
ity (
NT
U)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Gualan Puente Orellana
Chronic ecosystemeffects threshold
Weak untreateddomestic wastewater
Río Motagua: Water Quality 3
Río Motagua: Water Quality 3
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, GuatemalaSource: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
Dis
solv
ed O
xyge
n (m
g/L)
2
3
4
5
6
7
Gualan Puente Orellana
Sampling Date
04-F
eb-0
3
07-M
ar-0
3
08-A
pr-0
3
06-M
ay-0
3
06-J
un-0
3
08-J
ul-0
3
05-A
ug-0
3
02-S
ep-0
3
10-O
ct-0
3
Oxy
gen
Sat
urat
ion
(%)
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Gualan Puente Orellana
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)Dissolved Oxygen
Saturation (%)
Río Motagua: Water Quality 4
Río Motagua: Water Quality 4
Source: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, GuatemalaSource: adapted from “Calidad de Agua de los Rios de La Republica de Guatemala” (December 2003), INSIVUMEH, Guatemala
Motagua: ConclusionsMotagua: Conclusions
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity to
meet needs Natural hydrology: peak
rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Even the limited water quality shows water quality stress and the value of water quality sampling
Potential exists for future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Climate Change?
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity to
meet needs Natural hydrology: peak
rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Even the limited water quality shows water quality stress and the value of water quality sampling
Potential exists for future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Climate Change?
Interventions: Expand water quantity
and quality monitoring Manage land use to
respond to present and potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Harmonization of transboundary water management
Interventions: Expand water quantity
and quality monitoring Manage land use to
respond to present and potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Harmonization of transboundary water management
Río ChamelecónRío Chamelecón
Countries: Honduras Watershed Area: 4,350 km^2 Average Annual Precipitation: 1,445 mm/yr Length: 256 km Average Discharge: ~370m^3/sec
Countries: Honduras Watershed Area: 4,350 km^2 Average Annual Precipitation: 1,445 mm/yr Length: 256 km Average Discharge: ~370m^3/sec
Source: Gulf of Honduras: Preliminary Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, Final Draft (August 2003) Abt Associates/ Woods Hole Group, Global Environment Facility--Inter-American Development Bank Project Development Facility (PDF-B), pp. 5-6.Image Source: pr.water.usgs.gov/public/ rt/hn/chamelecon.html
Río Chamelecón: Monthly Precipitation
Río Chamelecón: Monthly Precipitation
0
50
100
150
200
250
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
chAp
rilMay
June Ju
ly
Augu
st
Sept
embe
r
Octob
er
Novem
ber
Decem
ber
Month
Avera
ge P
recip
itati
on
(m
m)
Source: Adapted from GIS Data Disc Provided By Secretaría de Agricultura (SAG), Honduras
Río Chamelecón: Monthly Flow Hydrograph
(Chamelecón)
Río Chamelecón: Monthly Flow Hydrograph
(Chamelecón)
0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.00
100.00
Month
Avera
ge F
low
(m
^3
/s)
Source: Secretaria de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente (SERNA), Direccion General de Recursos Hidricos, Departamento de Servicios Hidrologicos y Climatologicos (1972-1992)
Río Chamelecón: Water Use/Availability
Río Chamelecón: Water Use/Availability
Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.
Río Chamelecón: Conclusions
Río Chamelecón: Conclusions
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity
to meet needs Significant lack of water
quality data Potential exists for
future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Natural hydrology: peak rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Climate Change?
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity
to meet needs Significant lack of water
quality data Potential exists for
future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Natural hydrology: peak rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Climate Change?
Interventions: Develop effective water
quality monitoring programs
Maintain consistent water quantity monitoring
Manage land use to respond to potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Interventions: Develop effective water
quality monitoring programs
Maintain consistent water quantity monitoring
Manage land use to respond to potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Río UlúaRío Ulúa
Countries: Honduras Watershed Area:
21,230 km^2 Average Annual
Precipitation: 1,510 mm/yr
Countries: Honduras Watershed Area:
21,230 km^2 Average Annual
Precipitation: 1,510 mm/yr
Source: Gulf of Honduras: Preliminary Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, Final Draft (August 2003) Abt Associates/ Woods Hole Group, Global Environment Facility--Inter-American Development Bank Project Development Facility (PDF-B), pp. 5-6.Photo Source: http://trurl.acusd.edu/~najmici/zdjecia/pan_am/h_barbara1.jpg
Length: 358 km Average Discharge:
~690 m^3/sec
Length: 358 km Average Discharge:
~690 m^3/sec
Río Ulúa: Monthly Precipitation
Río Ulúa: Monthly Precipitation
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Month
Avera
ge P
reci
pit
ati
on
(m
m)
Source: Adapted from GIS Data Disc Provided By Secretaría de Agricultura (SAG), Honduras
Río Ulúa: Monthly Flow Hydrograph (Ulúa en
Chinda)
Río Ulúa: Monthly Flow Hydrograph (Ulúa en
Chinda)
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
Month
Avera
ge F
low
(m
^3
/s)
Source: Secretaria de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente (SERNA), Direccion General de Recursos Hidricos, Departamento de Servicios Hidrologicos y Climatologicos (1972-1992)
Río Ulúa: Water Use/AvailabilityRío Ulúa: Water Use/Availability
Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.Source: Vorosmarty, C. J., P. Green, J. Salisbury and R. B. Lammers. 2000. Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289: 284-288.
Río Ulúa: ConclusionsRío Ulúa: Conclusions
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity
to meet needs in most areas
Significant lack of water quality data
Potential exists for future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Natural hydrology: peak rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Climate Change?
Findings & Stresses: Sufficient water quantity
to meet needs in most areas
Significant lack of water quality data
Potential exists for future water quality problems from point and non-point source threats
Natural hydrology: peak rainfall conducive to high levels of erosion
Climate Change?
Interventions: Plan for potential
supply/demand imbalance in eastern portion of the watershed
Develop effective water quality monitoring programs
Maintain consistent water quantity monitoring
Manage land use to respond to potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Interventions: Plan for potential
supply/demand imbalance in eastern portion of the watershed
Develop effective water quality monitoring programs
Maintain consistent water quantity monitoring
Manage land use to respond to potential water quality threats
Ensure effective management of wastewater
Motagua, Chamelecón and Ulúa: Hydrograph
Motagua, Chamelecón and Ulúa: Hydrograph
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
chAp
rilMay
June Ju
ly
Augu
st
Sept
embe
r
Octob
er
Novem
ber
Decem
ber
Month
Avera
ge F
low
(m
^3
/s)
Motagua
Chamelecon
Ulua