Maximizing Engagement in Online Instruction Vis-A-Vis Classroom Experience.
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Transcript of Maximizing Engagement in Online Instruction Vis-A-Vis Classroom Experience.
Maximizing Engagementin
Online Instruction Vis-A-Vis Classroom Experience
Measures of EffectiveInstruction In Higher Ed
On-line learning in view of the Chickering, Gamson & Angelo
writings on educational effectiveness in teaching and
learning.
1. Active Learning is More Effective than Passive Learning
Class Room• Presentations• Small-group
discussions• Peer activity
Online• Students given
ability to post PP• Discussion Board• Chat Room activity• Internet work
Online is active by its very nature
2. Focused Attention & Awareness of Important Learning Goals
Class Room• Syllabi Statements• Mini-Quizzes• Applied Activities• Key Point Lists• Focused Handouts
Online• Same as Classroom
PLUS (review-able)• Discussion Board• Posted Support
Materials• Links• Chat Room Topics
3. New Knowledge Meaningfully Connects to Prior Knowledge
Class Room• Examples• Illustrations• Media• Review
Sessions• Experience
journals
Online• Same items as Classroom• PLUS ability to move among
all materials, lectures and media modules easily to review, connect, integrate.
4. Unlearning What is Known Can be Harder than Learning Anew
Class Room• Before presenting
new information, find out what students know
• Use relevant student experience
• Provide good counter examples, illustrations, and data.
Online • Same as classroom
PLUS• Online student-teacher
confidential journals• Boards for the sharing
of student experiences• Numerous websites &
Online Newsletter, etc.
5. Feedback Early & Often and the Need to be Able to Self-Assess
Class Room
Feedback on assignments
• Peer response• Office hours
Online Same as classroom BUT• Peer feedback can be ongoing
and iterative.• Teacher feedback can be
ongoing & easy to post comments on brief posted assignments.
• Commonly needed feedback can be written a single time and posted.
Immediate Feedback
(me) I wanted to let you know that I realize it is hard at first but you need to stop just reading the comments and jump on in. Chat points require participation. Hope to hear more from you next week.
(student) yeah, i guess i got caught up with each others comments, well im gonna get in with a different chat time so that i can participate and ask more questions, this weeks was alot tougher for me to get the readings in because of the many quizzes i've got this week, but im looking forward to the next chat..
6. Information Organized in Personally Meaningful Ways
Online Electronic Delivery Enables
(1) Multiple approaches and organizing systems by Instructor, as appropriate to course.
(2) Students to have access to materials they can download, file and organize in personally meaningfully ways.
7. Gaining Skills &Knowledge takes Much Time & Much Effort
Class RoomProblematicStudents often
think of class room courses as segmented.
Learning can be discontinuous
Online Possibilities • Course experiences can be
ongoing, iterative and seamless• Reinforcement can be ongoing• Multiple interactive and individual
engagement opportunities allows more organic flow of knowledge
• Periodic intensified pursuit of understanding at student-directed pace
• Breaking lectures into smaller modules enables student-determined internalization.
8. Balance Intellectual Challenge & Instructional Support
Class Room Issues
Limits of in-class time-frame, office-hours or handout materials.
Online PossibilitiesOnline study groupsEmailed questions at time of
confusion during lecture or reading.
Students more readily consume & revisit “handouts”
Added links and video support or other supplements more easily delivered/consumed.
More customizable teacher interaction points.
9. Applying/Transferring Skills to
New Context Needs Much Practice Class Room Issues
Difficult pedagogy:
Need many examples of concepts & principles.
Need to move between general & specific.
Need to highlight comparisons and contrasts.
Online OpportunitiesSimilar challenges BUT
Pedagogy eased by technology:
Can post unlimited number of examples, written, pictorial, filmic & web-based.
Can provide multi-modal demonstrations of general-to-specific and specific-to-general.
10a. Teacher-Student Interaction is a Powerful Factor in Learning
Class Room Techniques
• Call students by name
• Facilitate participation
• De-emphasize competition
Online Opportunities• All student input appears with
name so no “learning period,” no student unrecognized.
• Free-flowing chat (not being called on) aids participation without competition.
• All aspects are participative PLUS
• Course participation is logged so no mistakes in who contributed how much.
10b.Teacher-Student Interaction
Class Room IssuesOngoing focused attention
is rarely feasibleStudents who are shy or
have language usage issues are often least likely to initiate interaction
Many students do not feel comfortable going to office hours
Online OpportunitiesFacilitates frequent
focused interaction with relatively small student groups.
Relative privacy lessens shyness barriers
Students can reach teacher more easily when both are online (Who is on line feature)
8 students--6 minutes (Names are false)
10:23 PM: Deena: i understood most of them but i had trouble understanding Macro- system
10:23 PM: Sam: the system is like a snowball where they build off each other10:23 PM: Annie: i thought it was interesting how many different systems we are
affected by & are part of10:23 PM: Joshua: The Macro System was difficult to grasp for me as well.10:23 PM: (Instructor): The micro may be easiest to picture because it is our
everyday interaction setting10:23 PM: Annie: i dont think i am 100% clear either10:24 PM: Yin: It's funny because it really does go from specific to general, because
we know the detail of our microsystem, but very little of our macrosystem10:24 PM: (Instructor): The macro system involves the big societal realities like
economy, politics, laws.10:24 PM: Jim: I thought macro was they type of overall society we're born into10:25 PM: (Instructor): Right Jim10:25 PM: Jim: yeah, but not the specifics. we can only see what is given to us10:26 PM: Yin: For the longest time I knew very little about macrosystem because i
was a sheltered turtle. MORE
continued
10:26 PM: (Instructor): SO, for example, The economy (macro) affects the micro (your school) because the State budget wont let us pay for extra class sections
10:26 PM: Jim: that sounds familiar ;)
10:26 PM: Joshua: Thank you, that clarifies it
10:26 PM: Annie: ohhhh, ok
10:26 PM: Marta: Ok I was thinking smaller things like race & religion within families
10:26 PM: Marta: Yes...I couldn’t think of the word
10:27 PM: (Instructor): We were also going to talk about achieved roles -- like being a student and ascribed roles like being a daughter.
10:28 PM: Yin: are you talking about role theory?
10:28 PM: (Ins): BUT the kind of social system you live in defines what it means to be those things.
10:28 PM: Marta: So, in a way, both of those are part of the macro system because being a woman or a student will be different in different societies....right?
10:29 PM: Joshua: I would think so. MORE
End of example
10:29 PM: (Instructor): SOOOO there are girlfriends and boyfriends and sweethearts and wives and husbands and intimates --- but our society changes what it means to be these things
10:29 PM: (Ins): HEY Marta, we were on the same track!
10:29 PM: Peggy: I see the bigger picture now.
10:29 PM: Yin: yes, because being categorized woman is different than being a student
10:29 PM: Jim: and being a woman in the US is a lot different than being a woman in Japan, for example
10:29 PM: Annie: ic
Which brings us to the next point …
11. Student-Student Interaction is
Powerful Factor in Learning
Class Room Techniques• Small group discussions• Group projects• Peer feedback BUT• Hard to guide multiple
groups simultaneously• Hard to assess relative
input by group members
Online Possibilities• Chat is interactive• Study groups form
naturally in chat rooms• Peer message and
response on discussion boards
• Online assignments can be collaborative AND
• All input is logged by name and time.