Materials research and surface functionalization · Materials research and surface...
Transcript of Materials research and surface functionalization · Materials research and surface...
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Materials research and surface
functionalization
at
Section of Chemistry
Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, Environmental Engineering
Aalborg University
Yuanzheng Yue
AAU Matchmaking og NanoLab arrangement 9. december 2010
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Glass group
Academic staff:
Yuanzheng Yue (Professor) → different subjects
Vittorio Boffa (Assi. Professor) → membrane
Technician:
Lisbeth Wybrandt → assist allLisbeth Wybrandt → assist all
PhD students:
Martin Jensen → stone wool process
Qiuju Zheng → glass forming ability
Mette Moesgaard → cement CO2 reduction
Morten M. Smedskjær → functional surface
Xiaoju Guo → glass relaxation
Tommy Madsen (res. assistant) → surface modification
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Research areas• Structure, dynamics, relaxation and properties of glasses
• Glass for energy conversion
• Functional surfaces of glasses and other materials
• Glass and glass fiber technology
• Metallic glasses
• Heterogeneity of glass-forming liquids• Heterogeneity of glass-forming liquids
• Glass formation and glass transition
• Theoretical prediction of materials properties
• Nano-materials and nanoporous ceramic materials
• Crystallization and phase transition
• CO2 reduction in cement production
• Mesoporous materials and membrane
• Rheology of melts
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Area I
Surface modification on glass and
glass fibers
In collaboration with
Rockwool International A/SRockwool International A/S
and
Ferro GmbH
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It protects people and
environment and save energy.
due to its high temperature
stability and remarkable
insulation effect
Rock Wool’s role
insulation effect
Despite its HT stability, it
cannot sustain a temperature
above 1000 ºCT ~ 1000 ºC
So we did something to increase the HT stability!
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O2
Surface Oxidation front
Oxidized partUnoxidized
part
Fe2+ + h●→ Fe3+
h●
Mg2+, Ca2+
MgO
layer
O2-
Cooper et al., Geoch. Cosmoch. Acta (1996)
Heat-treatment around Tg
Oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+
Inward diffusion of h•
Yue et al., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (2009)
Outward diffusion of Mg2+
MgO on surface
Increases of HT stability
Inward diffusion of h
Treated at 600ºC
for 0.5 h in air
Stand1050 ºC in Ar
Without heat-
treatment
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H2
Surface Reduction front
Reduced Unreduced
Ax+→A(x-1)+ + h●
h●
Me+, Me2+
e-
H2O
Silica-rich layer
O2-
Smedskjaer, et al., Chem. Mater. (2009)
Heat-treatment around Tg
Reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+
Outword diffusion of h•
Smedskjaer, et al., Chem. Mater. (2009)
Smedskjaer and Yue, J. Non-Cryst. Solids (2009)
Inward diffusion of Mg2+
SiO2 rich layer on surface
Improvement of properties
Heat-treatment
atmosphere
Hv
[GPa]
c(Na+)acid
[mg/L]
c(Mg2+)alkali
[mg/L]
Untreated 8.9 ± 0.2 8.7 2.4
H2/N2 (1/99) 9.9 ± 0.3 1.9 1.3
Higher hardness and chemical durability, optical properties …..(ideal solar cell substrate?)
Recent: Quantum cutting
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Area II
Prediction of mechanical properties
Strengthening glass and glass fibers
In collaboration with
Corning IncorporateCorning Incorporate
Rockwool International A/S
PPG Industries Inc.
Pennsylvania State University
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A piece of a special flat glass
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Prediction of Glass Hardness and Tg by Constraint Theory
2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.40
2
4
6
8
10
12 Experiment (P = 98 mN)
Model (P = 98 mN)
Experiment (P = 0.25 N)
Model (P = 0.25 N)
HV (
GP
a)
(a)
0 10 20 30 404
6
8
10
12
Experiment (P = 98 mN)
Model (P = 98 mN)
Experiment (P = 0.25 N)
Model (P = 0.25 N)
HV (
GP
a)
(b)
2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
Atomic constraints
0 10 20 30 40
[Na2O] (mol%)
Smedskjaer, Mauro, Yue, PRL 2010
0 10 20 30 40 500
10
20
30
40
50(a)
100
90
80
70
60
>5
>6
>7
>8
>8
>7
>6
>5
CaO
(mol %
)
B 2O 3
(mol
%)
Na2O (mol %)
4.5
5.05.56.0
6.57.07.5
8.08.5
Hv (GPa)
50
0 10 20 30 40 500
10
20
30
40
50(b)
>560
>610
>660
>560
>610>660
>710
>760
>810
70
100
80
60
90
CaO
(mol %
)B 2O 3
(mol
%)
Na2O (mol %)
510
560
610
660
710
760
810
860
910
Tg (K)50
>860
Useful for designing new materials!
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Heat-treatment around Tg
Reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+
Outword diffusion of h•
Inward diffusion of Mg2+
SiO2 rich layer on surface
Hardening of glass
Outword diffusion of h
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2000
3000
4000
interval 1
Wool fibers
Continuous fibers
b Basaltic compositions
Tensile
str
en
gth
σo (
MP
a) a E-glass compositions
Continuous fibers
Origin of the high tensile strength of glass fibers (a PhD project supported by RI)
0 20 40 60 800 20 40 60 800
1000
Bulk glass
Wool fibers interval 2
Bulk glass
Wool fibers
Tensile
str
en
gth
Axial stress σax (MPa)
Lund and Yue, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (2010)
Increasing the drawing stress enhances the structural anisotropy, and hence, the strength of glass fibers!
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Area III
Rheology and homogeneity of high
temperature melts
In collaboration with
Rockwool International A/SRockwool International A/S
Corning Incorporated
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Rheology is important for geology and industry!
HawaiiRockwool process
Rockwool projects: Viscous behaviour, relaxation, glass forming ability and fiber spininability; Quantification of melt homogeneity….
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A new model has been established, which is superior to any existing ones containing 3 parameters in terms of both the accuracy of describing the viscosity-temperature relation of glass-forming liquids and the physical meaning.
logη = logη∞ +B
Texp
C
T
8
10
12 SiO2 Window glass Corning aluminosilicate Basalt Anorthite
Oxide and molecular liquids
T T
Mauro, Yue, Ellison, Gupta, Allan, PNAS, (2009)
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8 Anorthite Glycerol Propylene carbonate Triphenylethe O-terphenyl 4Ca(NO3)2-6KNO3
log
η (
Pa s
)
Tg/T (K/K)
fragility
( )
−
−
−−+=
∞
∞∞ 11log12
explog12loglogT
Tm
T
T gg
ηηηη
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Area IV
Nanoporous materials
In collaboration with In collaboration with
Shandong Institute of Light Industry
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Formation of the mesoporous TiO2 using yeast as template
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Remarkable photocatalytic performances of the derived TiO2!
W. He et al. J. Colloid and Interface Sci. (2010)
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Nanoporous membranes for gas separation: A silica nanosol is prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate
(TEOS) in aqueous ethanol.
Silica membranes with pores smaller than 5 Å are obtained by coating this nanosol
on top of asymmetric supports.
These membranes can be used, for
instance, to recover pure H2 from gaseous mixtures.
Ultrathin nanoporous films for microfluidic devices:
gaseous mixtures.
1-2 nm large pores can be obtained by adding to the silica sol an organic template, which is removed during
calcination.
Microfluidic devices were fabricated
by depositing a layer of this material on microsieves with ∼ 1 µm large perforations.
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Area V Glass Particles as an Active and CO2
Reducing Component in Future Cement
Supported by the Danish Advanced Technology FoundationTechnology Foundation
In collaboration with Aalborg Portland, GEUS,
and iNano
Ph.D. defense of Mette MoesgaardAt 12:30, Friday, December 10, 2010 Aalborg UniversitySohngaardsholmsvej 57, 9000 AalborgAuditorium F108
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Promising results
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
σ) re
l (-)
Fly ash
CLS9N
CLS9N fine
CLS9N fiber
Inert filler
/str
ength
) re
l
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
0.8
0.9
1.0
(mC
O2/σ
)
P/(P+L)
More than 20% CO2 reduction for a comparable strength!
glass/(glass+lime)
(mC
O2/s
trength
)
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Supramolecular Chemistry Group
Asc. Prof. Kim Lambertsen Larsen
Asc. Prof. Donghong Yu
Asc. Prof. Laurent Duroux (2010-2013)
Ass. Prof. Thorbjørn Terndrup Nielsen (2010-2013)
Lab. Tech. Anne Flensborg
Ph.d.-student Peter Andreas Lund Jacobsen (-2010)
Ph.d.-student Mladen Stojanov (-2011)
Ph.d.-student Harsha Vardan Reddy Burri (-2011)
Ph.d.-student Lars Wagner Städe (-2012)
Vid. Ass/ Ph.d.-student Lasse Bo Lumholdt Riisager (-2013)
Vid. Ass/ Ph.d.-student Lars Damgaard Løjkner (-2013)
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Organic synthesis
Polymers Photovoltaic polymers (DY)Molecular imprinted polymers (DY)
Cyclodextrin polymers (TTN)
Cyclodextrin derivatives Functionalized CD´s (TTN)Amphiphilic CD´s (LDL)
Surface modification PP-Nonwoven (LDL)Bone implants (PALJ)
Stationary phases (LWS, LD)
Biosensors/Biocompat. interfaces (LD,
TTN)Protein interaction with CD mod.
Surfaces (LD)
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Self assembly
Cyclodextrin Technology Channel type CD crystals (KLL)
Drug delivery Formulation of small molecule actives
(MS)Formulation of proteins (LD, KLL)
Formulation of RNA/DNA (TTN)
Polymeric drug delivery systems Polymeric drug delivery systems (TTN, KLL)
Protein display Dock´n´flash (LWS, LD)
Polymers Photovoltaics (DY)
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Formulation (cyclodextrin technology)
Project: Use of cyclodextrins in medical chewing gum (Mladen Stojanov)
Cyclodextrin
Release
Bioavailability
Stability
Drug Ingredients(Sweetners, Flavours,
gumbase and many more)
StabilityTaste masking
Interactions
Interactions
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Project: Cyclodextrin modified bioresorbable implants (Peter AL Jacobsen)
• Grafting of cyclodextrin to hydroxyapatite
• Development of grafting and analysis techniques
• Drug release properties• Structuring of protein layer
Surface modification
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B1
A14
B16
Monomeric Insulin pH 7.5
B1
A14
B16
Monomeric Insulin pH 7.5
Surface modification
Project: Protein purification using CD´s (Lars Wagner Städe)
B25
B26
B16
B24
A19
B25
B26
B16
B24
A19
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Surface modification
Project: Dock´n´flash (Laurent Duroux)
Dock a CD on pBpa
p-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine(pBpa)
+
Flash with UVA
Covalent bond formation
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Polymers
Project: Novel cyclodextrin polymers (Thorbjørn Terndrup Nielsen)
Gene therapy
Drug delivery to
OH19
OHHO
ClO
Cl
O On
N
HO
Drug delivery to
the eye
OH
OHOO
O
On
O
O
OO
O
O O
OH
O
nO
R
O O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
OO
O
O RO
O
O
R
O
O
n
n
n
n
B1
A14
B25
B26
B16
B24
A19
B1
A14
B25
B26
B16
B24
A19
Formulation of
proteins
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Polymers
Project: Synthetic antibody-like receptors from molecular imprinted inorganic/organic hybrids (Harsha Vardan Reddy Burri)
•Assay study: Covalent imprinting and covalent rebinding
•Peptide/Oligo-peptides imprinting
•Molecular imprinted hybridsFTP
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Photovoltaic polymers
Project: Organic-based photovoltaic cells with morphology control (Lasse)
Efficiency
Processing Stability
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Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!