material selection in high speed car-a case study
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[1] MATERIAL SELECTION IN HIGH SPEED CAR- A CASE STUDY Seminar ID: 636 By Mr. Rajat Kumar Samantray Roll#MECH201110184 Under the guidance of Prof. Ramesh Chandra Das B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014 Mr. RAJAT KUMAR SAMANTRAY(ROLL#MECH201110184)
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High speed car or Formula One (F1) is arguably the most famous motor racing sport in the world, with almost 10% of the world's population following the races. Due to the fierce competition within the sport, coupled with the remarkable physical strain the vehicles are put under, during a race (sometimes hitting speeds of up to 350 km/h), the cars need to be constructed using the most cutting edge materials and processing techniques.This report looks at the important role that materials science plays in the construction of these famous vehicles, and which materials are utilized.The purpose of the project is to increase the stiffness and reduce the weight of the existing car chassis, without disturbing the shape, provided for engine mountings and driver's space and other constraints provided by the existing chassis modelThe increasing load demand in power systems without accompanying investments in generation and transmission hasa affected the analysis of stability phenomena, requiring more reliable and faster tools.
Transcript of material selection in high speed car-a case study
Slide 1Seminar ID: 636
Under the guidance of
Prof. Ramesh Chandra Das
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
*
[*]
Contents
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
BASIC LOADS
CARBON FIBER
COMPOSITE MATERIAL
CERAMIC MATERIAL
INTRODUCTION
Most sophisticated vehicles used in the most technologically advanced form of sports.
Each F1 team has the responsibility to come up with the most efficient design.
Speed of a high speed car starts from 250km/h .
Bringing the F1 cars to a halt is an incredible challenge.
*
[*]
History
The history of Formula One has its roots in the European Grand Prix motor racing (1947 history) of the 1920s and 1930s.
However, the foundation of Formula One began in 1946 with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA's) standardization of rules.
A World Drivers' Championship followed in 1950.
*
[*]
Contd.
1977
1982
Chassis
Cockpit
The Chassis
This is an amazing structure on which the above main parts are mounted
So it should have these properties
*
[*]
Contd.
Self Lubricating
*
[*]
The Cockpit
Driver has limited movement.
Driver experiences Gravity-forces.
Designers are forever trying to lower the Centre of gravity of the car.
Carbon fiber and some composites are used .
*
[*]
The Engine
Operate at very high temperatures(2000 °C)
Limited to 3 liter, normally with 10 cylinders
*
[*]
Contd.
The Tyre and Wheel
The Tyres are the only direct contact patch between the track and the car.
The performance of such racing tyres are therefore highly important and are all centered around increasing grip.
To deform quite quickly and regain its shape quite slowly, helping to maintain grip.
Adhesion done by some
Contd.
The compound (image-1) is based on three main elements: carbon, oil and sulphur.
To keep the tyre together there are bracing plies embedded in the rubber (image-2).
The carcass (image-3) is composed of a Nylon and polyester framework, in a complex weave.
*
[*]
Contd.
Wheels must be made from AZ70 or AZ80 magnesium alloys.
*
[*]
Basic Loads
Bending case
Torsion case
Lateral loading
Carbon Fiber
Good Rigidity
Corrosion resistance
Electrically Conductive
Fatigue Resistance
High Thermal Conductivity in some forms
Low coefficient of thermal expansion
Self Lubricating
Contd.
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic is over 4 times stiffer than Glass reinforced plastic, almost 20 times more than pine, 2.5 times greater than aluminum
Standard Modulus up to 250GPa
Intermediate Modulus 250-350GPa
High Modulus 350-500GPa
*
[*]
Composite Material
Made from two or more other different materials which remain distinct from each other after joining.
Continuous fibers reinforced composites
Discontinuous fibers reinforced composites
Ceramic Vs. Metal
Normal metal Engine
Maximum service temperature is less than 600 °C
Low combustion efficiency (due to the lower operating temperatures of metals)
Substantial heat loss (due to the high thermal conductivity of metals)
Some wear (resulting in some limited metal component life)
*
[*]
Contd.
Silicon Nitride
Silicon Carbide
Contd.
Increase performance
High temperature capability and a low thermal conductivity
Cooling system may be eliminated
*
[*]
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic
Very strong, light but Expensive
Graphite fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) are also used but less commonly
GFRP :Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics
CFRP :Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
AFRP :Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastics
*
[*]
Some parts and material
Aluminium alloy , Al-Mg, Al-Zn,Al-Si,Al-Cu
*
[*]
CONCLUSION
Advanced materials used in the construction of automobiles are carbon fibers, composites, polymers, ceramics, metals & alloys.
Carbon fiber is the most widely used construction materials in racing car (around 70%).
Composites materials have polymer, metal or ceramics matrix component & a second component in shape of fiber or particulate (reinforcing).
To reduce the weight of the car, material selection plays a main role.
Mr. RAJAT KUMAR SAMANTRAY(ROLL#MECH201110184)
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
[*]
Inspired to Design:-F1 Cars,Indycars & racing Tyres: BY Nigel Bannett’s autobiography,year, pp20-25.
Mr. RAJAT KUMAR SAMANTRAY(ROLL#MECH201110184)
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
[*]
THANK YOU
Under the guidance of
Prof. Ramesh Chandra Das
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
*
[*]
Contents
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
BASIC LOADS
CARBON FIBER
COMPOSITE MATERIAL
CERAMIC MATERIAL
INTRODUCTION
Most sophisticated vehicles used in the most technologically advanced form of sports.
Each F1 team has the responsibility to come up with the most efficient design.
Speed of a high speed car starts from 250km/h .
Bringing the F1 cars to a halt is an incredible challenge.
*
[*]
History
The history of Formula One has its roots in the European Grand Prix motor racing (1947 history) of the 1920s and 1930s.
However, the foundation of Formula One began in 1946 with the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's (FIA's) standardization of rules.
A World Drivers' Championship followed in 1950.
*
[*]
Contd.
1977
1982
Chassis
Cockpit
The Chassis
This is an amazing structure on which the above main parts are mounted
So it should have these properties
*
[*]
Contd.
Self Lubricating
*
[*]
The Cockpit
Driver has limited movement.
Driver experiences Gravity-forces.
Designers are forever trying to lower the Centre of gravity of the car.
Carbon fiber and some composites are used .
*
[*]
The Engine
Operate at very high temperatures(2000 °C)
Limited to 3 liter, normally with 10 cylinders
*
[*]
Contd.
The Tyre and Wheel
The Tyres are the only direct contact patch between the track and the car.
The performance of such racing tyres are therefore highly important and are all centered around increasing grip.
To deform quite quickly and regain its shape quite slowly, helping to maintain grip.
Adhesion done by some
Contd.
The compound (image-1) is based on three main elements: carbon, oil and sulphur.
To keep the tyre together there are bracing plies embedded in the rubber (image-2).
The carcass (image-3) is composed of a Nylon and polyester framework, in a complex weave.
*
[*]
Contd.
Wheels must be made from AZ70 or AZ80 magnesium alloys.
*
[*]
Basic Loads
Bending case
Torsion case
Lateral loading
Carbon Fiber
Good Rigidity
Corrosion resistance
Electrically Conductive
Fatigue Resistance
High Thermal Conductivity in some forms
Low coefficient of thermal expansion
Self Lubricating
Contd.
Carbon fiber reinforced plastic is over 4 times stiffer than Glass reinforced plastic, almost 20 times more than pine, 2.5 times greater than aluminum
Standard Modulus up to 250GPa
Intermediate Modulus 250-350GPa
High Modulus 350-500GPa
*
[*]
Composite Material
Made from two or more other different materials which remain distinct from each other after joining.
Continuous fibers reinforced composites
Discontinuous fibers reinforced composites
Ceramic Vs. Metal
Normal metal Engine
Maximum service temperature is less than 600 °C
Low combustion efficiency (due to the lower operating temperatures of metals)
Substantial heat loss (due to the high thermal conductivity of metals)
Some wear (resulting in some limited metal component life)
*
[*]
Contd.
Silicon Nitride
Silicon Carbide
Contd.
Increase performance
High temperature capability and a low thermal conductivity
Cooling system may be eliminated
*
[*]
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic
Very strong, light but Expensive
Graphite fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) are also used but less commonly
GFRP :Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics
CFRP :Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
AFRP :Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastics
*
[*]
Some parts and material
Aluminium alloy , Al-Mg, Al-Zn,Al-Si,Al-Cu
*
[*]
CONCLUSION
Advanced materials used in the construction of automobiles are carbon fibers, composites, polymers, ceramics, metals & alloys.
Carbon fiber is the most widely used construction materials in racing car (around 70%).
Composites materials have polymer, metal or ceramics matrix component & a second component in shape of fiber or particulate (reinforcing).
To reduce the weight of the car, material selection plays a main role.
Mr. RAJAT KUMAR SAMANTRAY(ROLL#MECH201110184)
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
[*]
Inspired to Design:-F1 Cars,Indycars & racing Tyres: BY Nigel Bannett’s autobiography,year, pp20-25.
Mr. RAJAT KUMAR SAMANTRAY(ROLL#MECH201110184)
B.TECH. TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION-2014
[*]
THANK YOU
