Martha Delgado Peralta

Secretary of EnvironmentMexico City Government

Megacities and Climate Change

MEXICO CITY METROPOLITAN AREA

• 16 Districts in Mexico City• 59 Councils in Estado de Mexico

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• Population: 20.1 millions

• Vehicles: 3.75 millions

• Industries: 35,000

• Water: 65 m3/s

• Trip per day: 28.3 millions

• Oxygen 23% less

DISTRITO FEDERAL

• Superficie: 1,484 km2

• Conservation Soil : 59%

• Population : 8.7 millions

• Housing: 2.54 millions

• Vehicles : 2.47 millions

• Trip per day : 12 millions

• Water : 32 m3/s

• Solid Waste : 12 thousand ton per day

MEXICO CITYAIR POLLUTION BEHAVIOR 1990-2006

"CO"(Promedio anual de concentraciones móviles horarias)

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"NO2" "

(Promedio anual de concentraciones horarias)

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"Pb"(Promedio trimestral de muestreos de 24

horas cada 6 días, filtros PST)

0.0

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3.019

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) "O2"

(Promedio anual de concentraciones horarias)

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ACUMULATED RAINFALL PER YEAR, MEXICO CITY, 1900-2006

Milimetres

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TEMPERATURE AVERAGE IN MEXICO CITY 1990-2007

Temperature average and minimum at Tacubaya Observatory from 1900 to 2007Temperature average and minimum at Tacubaya Observatory from 1900 to 2007

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TEMPERATURE AVERAGE IN MEXICO CITY 1990-2007

Mexico City has undergone a process of fast heating due to a great extent of urbanization and the “Heat Island” effect, also, because of the man made global warming caused by the high GHG emissions.

• In the last thirty years, changes in Mexico City's temperature have occurred, being now, almost 2 degrees Celsius hotter than it was at the middle of the Seventies, and almost 4 degrees Celsius hotter than it was at the beginning of the last century.

GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSION IN MEXICO CITY IN 2007

Transporte43%

Industria22%

Residencial13%

Comercial6%

Residuos Sólidos

11%

Público5% Rural

0.5%

Mexico City: 37 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent

Mexico City Metropolitan Area: 60 million metric tons of equivalent carbon dioxide

9.1% of national emissions

Public

Transportation

Industry

Housing

Solid Waste

CommercialRural

AVERAGE SCENE OF GHG EMISSION PARTICIPATIONBY SECTORS IN MEXICO CITY 2007

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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY PROGRAMS JIERARCHY AND ADMINISTRATION, IN MEXICO CITY

Mexico City’s General Development Program 2007-2012

Green Plan

Environmental Agenda: Sector Programming 2007-2012

Air Quality Improve Program

2002-2010

Integral Management Program for Solid Waste 2004-2008

Sustainable Water Management for Mexico City

Program, 2007-2008

Mexico City Climate Action Program

2008-2012

• Identification of Actions that reduce greenhouse gases emissions, and promote the adaptation to the climate change new conditions: environmental costs, benefits, barriers, proposed actions impacts.

• Consult of different actors: • Universities• NGOs• Professional associations• private sector, etc,

• Meetings and consensus with 32 Mexico City Government dependencies.

• Public Consults

PROGRAM DESIGN

MEXICO CITY GOVERNMENT DEPENDENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE PROGRAM

1. Energy Efficient Use Coordination2. DIF-DF3. Public prosecutor Environmental office, PGJDF 4. Government Delegations5. Firemen Dept6. Social Integration Attendance7. Science and Technology Institute8. Media Superior Education Institute9. D.F Home Institute10. LOCATEL11. Oficialía Mayor12. Environmental Judge Advocate General and Territorial Ordering13. Justice General Advocate office of D.F. 14. Social office of judge advocate general 15. Transport Network

16. Culture Secretariat17. Economic Development Secretariat18. Rural and equality for Communities Development Secretariat19. Social Development Secretariat20. Urban and Home Development Secretariat21. Finances Secretariat22. Services and Construction Secretariat23. Civil Protection Secretariat24. Health Secretariat25. Transport and Roads Secretariat26. Environment Secretariat27. Forensic Medical Service28. Mexico City Water System 29. Bus Rapid Transit (Metrobus)30. Subway System Metro31. Federal District Electric Transport System32. National Autonomous University of Mexico

MEXICO CITY GOVERNMENT DEPENDENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE PROGRAM

• Reduce seven million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent between 2008-2012

GOALS

• Carry out a climate change adaptation program, and have it in full operation

by 2012

26 greenhouse gases

emissions mitigation actions

4,4 million tons of equivalent carbon dioxide reduction per year,

12% of the greenhouse gas emissions of Mexico City

5,600 million dollars of investment required

GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION ACTIONS

ACTION TO REDUCE EMISSION

GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION ACTIONS

400 800 1,200 1,600

USD)

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION ACTIONS

12 climate change adaptation actions

These actions would reduce the risks of climate change

299 million dollars required

ADAPTATION ACTIONS

• Hydro meteorological system of early warning

• Micro-basin management 1: urban ravines

• Protection and recuperation of native crops and herbs

• Remote detection of forest fires

• Epidemiological monitoring

• Assistance to people who are vulnerable to extreme climate events

• Micro-basin management 2: Soil and water conservation

ADAPTATION ACTIONS

• Micro-basin management 3: Rural development and soil and water conservation on agricultural lands

• Agricultural monitoring of genetically modified foods and fomentation of organic production

• Land parcels pilot project 1: Soil recovery for rural development

• Land and parcels pilot project 2: Alternative reforestation with species resilient to climate change

• Green Rooftop

CLIMATE CHANGE COMMUNICATION AND EDUCATION ACTIONS

6 communication and education actions

These actions would help to communicate the climate

change risks

40 million dollars required

• Ongoing seminary on climate change

• Education for efficient use of resources in Mexico City housing units

• Reinforcement of a water culture in Mexico City

• Educational communications to promote social awareness of climate change phenomenon

• Educational communication for the integrated management of solid waste

• Communication about the risks associated with climate change and the promotion of adaptation measures

CLIMATE CHANGE COMMUNICATION AND EDUCATION ACTIONS

INVESTMENT REQUIRED 2008 - 2012

AreaInvestment Required

2008-2012(million USD)

Water 836

Energy 204

Solid Waste 1,382

Transport 3,191

GHG Emission Reduction 5,615

Adaptation 299

Communication and Education 40

TOTAL 5,955

Taking Actions

MetrobúsMetrobús

Nuevo esquema operativoNuevo esquema operativo

• 15 de octubre de 2008

BUS RAPID TRANSIT INSURGENTES CORRIDOR

BEFORE BRT AFTER BRT

BRT Insurgentes Corridor Scope

265,000 passengers / day 265,000 passengers / day

BENEFITS

GHG Emissions Reductions Period GHG Emission Reduction Euros

2005 - 2006 29,177 tons of CO2eq 121,959 Euros

2006 – 2007 38,210 tons of CO2eq 159,717 Euros

Total 67,387 tons de CO2eq 281,676 Euros

2007 – 2008 50,000 tons of CO2eq

Environmental Benefits

• Ten BRT Corridors will start up at 2012 in the Mexico City

• Over 200 Km of confined track

• 800 articulate buses will replace over 3,000 old buses

• It will expect 300 mil tons of CO2eq emissions reduction

TOWARDS THE FUTURE

SOLAR ENERGY IMPROVEMENT STANDARD

• Swimming Pools

• Companies over 51 employees that uses hot water for:

• Showers and Hand washes• Kitchens• Laundry and cleaners

Solar Energy: 30%Traditional Fuels: 70 %

ACHIEVEMENTS6,957 m2 of solar panels installed

Investment Return Period:

Pools: 1.5 Years

Sanitary uses : 3 years

Martha DelgadoMartha Delgado

Secretary of EnvironmentSecretary of EnvironmentMexico City GovernmentMexico City Government

www.sma.df.gob.mxwww.sma.df.gob.mx

Thank you for your attention Thank you for your attention !!