Marine and coastal thematic assessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the Environment report Trine...
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Marine and coastal thematicMarine and coastal thematicassessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the assessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the
Environment reportEnvironment report
Trine Christiansen (EEA)
What is SOER 2010?
SOER 2010- Synthesis -SOER 2010
- Synthesis -Thematic assessmentsUnderstanding climate change
Air pollution
Biodiversity
Water resources: quantity & flows
Soil
Freshwater quality
Consumption and environment
Material resources and waste
Land use
Mitigating climate change
Adapting to climate change
Marine and coastal environment Assessment of global megatrends
Political megatrends
Country assessments
Urban environment
Environmental megatrends
Each EEA member country (32) and EEA cooperating country (6) assessed all six environmental themes above.
Climate change mitigation
Nature protection and biodiversity
National and regional stories
Freshwater
Air pollution
Land use
Country profiles
Common environmental themes
Waste
Economic megatrends
Technological megatrends
Social megatrends
Soil
Land use
Marine and coastal environment
Soil
Land use
EEA member countries and seas covered
Thematic assessment
• State of marine ecosystems and habitats• Climate change impacts• State and impacts of chemical pollution• Fisheries• Environmental impacts from shipping and
other maritime sectors• Maritime Policy and the Marine Strategy
Framework Directive
Nature Conservation: The Habitats and Birds Directives
Conservation status of habitats in Marine ecosystems
10%
30%
20%
40%
Favourable Unfav-Inad Unfav-Bad Unknow n
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Reptiles (12)
Mammals (64)
Invertebrates (6)
Fish (39)
FV
Unknown
U1
U2
Nutrient Enrichment: winter nitrogen
LevelsTrends 1985-2008
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Denmark (20)
Estonia (5)
Finland (93)
Germany (14)
Latvia (8)
Lithuania (13)
Poland (16)
Sweden (32)
Open sea (67)
Belgium (16)
Denmark (13)
France (1)
Germany (24)
Netherlands (20)
Norway (8)
Sweden (10)
Open sea (81)
United Kingdom (1)
Ireland (85)
Open sea (35)
Croatia (13)
Greece (6)
Italy (2)
Open sea (0)
M
edit
erra
nea
n
N
E A
tlan
tic
No
rth
Sea
Bal
tic
Sea
% of stations
Decrease No trend Increase
Nutrient Cocentrations: winter phosphate
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Denmark (20)Estonia (5)
Finland (93)Germany (15)
Latvia (8)Lithuania (13)
Poland (14)Sweden (35)
Open sea (67)
Belgium (21)Denmark (13)
France (1)Germany (24)
Netherlands (20)Norway (8)
Sweden (10)Open sea (81)
France (3)Ireland (85)
United Kingdom (1)Open sea (35)
Croatia (13)Greece (6)
Italy (2)Open sea (0)
M
edit
erra
nea
n
N
E A
tlan
tic
N
ort
h S
ea
B
alti
c S
ea
% of stationsDecrease No trend Increase
Levels Trends 1985-2008
Chl-aconcentrations and trends in ocean color
Levels Trends
State and trend of 7 hazardous chemicals
EU-27 catch
Status of fish stocks
Supply gap
Aquaculture production
0
2000 00
4000 00
6000 00
8000 00
1 00000 0
1 20000 0
1 40000 0
1 60000 0
1 80000 0
2 00000 0
1990 1 991 19 92 1993 1994 1 995 199 6 1997 1998 19 99 200 0 2001 2 002 20 03 2004 2005 2 006 200 7 2008
Production -tonnes
Year
EU15 & EFTA
EU7, EU2 & othe rs
Shipping
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
To
nn
es
of
oil
sp
lit (
for
ac
cid
en
ts >
7 t
on
ne
s)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Nu
mb
er
of
ac
cid
en
ts (
> 7
to
nn
es
oil
sp
ilt)
Oil spilt
Number of accidents
Accidental oilspills Illegal operational oil discharges
Source: German Federal Pollution Control Authority
Development of marine renewable energy
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
Ener
gy o
utpu
t (M
W)
Cumulative Insta l lations
Year
Cummulative InstallationsEn
erg
y o
utp
ut
(MW
)
1991 2009
2000
Sea level rise
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
Artificial Areas ArableLand
Pastures Forested Land
Semi-natural OpenSpaces
Wetlands Water bodies
Land cover change from 2000-06
Sea surface temperature is increasing
• All European Seas are getting warmer at the surface!
• Temperatures are increasing more rapidly in Europe’s seas than globally.
• Plankton are shifting their distributions northward due to warmer temperatures
• Warm water species are increasingly found in Northerly waters
Marine Protected Areas Marine Protected Areas (e.g. Natura2000)(e.g. Natura2000)
Marine Strategy Framework Directive for the Protection and Conservation of the
Marine Environment
EU Integrated Maritime Policy, incl. CFP
Water Framework Directive
Coastal area
New EU policy context: Ecosystem based management
Cyclical approach of Marine Strategy Framework Directive
6 year cycle
To be repeated every 6 years
Criteria for GES
• Published September 1, 2010 • 50+ new indicators for the marine
environment• No inter regional agreement on how to
report• Major activity to establish reporting
process for data from initial assessments
EuropeanMarine Observation Data
NETworkWise-Marine
Country data
Integrated Maritime Policy – Marine knowledge 2020 - has identified Marine Observations as a need
MSFD
Research data
Policy relevant data
Reference layers (maps)
Marine Core Service data
The role of GMES – the Marine Core Service and in-situ data
• Marine core service provides near real time data on salinity, temperature and ocean currents for all EU seas
• Based on a combination of models, satellite and in-situ observations
DATA
ASSESSMENTS
Decision-makers / The public / NGO’s / ResearchersENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SERVICES for
INDICATORS
Distributing information & knowledge
25
Wise-Marine Concept/process currently being Wise-Marine Concept/process currently being discusseddiscussed
Reference layers
Reference layers
Indicator 2,3,4,…
Indicator 2,3,4,…
Indicator 1
Indicator 1
Marine Indicator Products
Methodologies (as agreed in indicator working group)
Datafeeds or reference sources (examples)
EIONETEMODNET
GMES
EIONETEMODNET
GMES
Marine Conventions
Marine Conventions
National DC’sNational DC’s Common Reference sources
Common Reference sources
Methods and processes by indicator/groups of indicators/themes
Methods and processes by indicator/groups of indicators/themes
Data Reporting layerData Reporting layerPrepared data
GIS, indicator visualisation, and interpretation for wider EU assessments
EU Compliance Check
•Initial assessment•Determination of GES•Establishments of comprehensive targets•Implementation of monitoring programme
Over the past 25 years the rate of increase in sea surface temperature in all European seas has been about 10 times faster than the average rate of increase during the past century. In five European seas the warming occurs even more rapidly. In the North and Baltic Seas temperature rose five to six times faster than the global average over the past 25 years, and three times faster in the Black and Mediterranean Seas.
Assessment:
Analysis:
data input: Sea Surface temperature