Margaret Thatcher Modificat23

7/25/2019 Margaret Thatcher Modificat23

1/17

Margaret Thatcher

Table of Contents

Argument.......2

Introduction......4


2/17

Chapter I. Margaret Thatcher........5

1.1 Early life and education....51.2 Early political career.....61.3 Prime Minister......7

1.4 Later years....101.5 Leacy..131.6 !tyle and titles ..14

Conclusions.....15

Bibliography...16

Argument

"n t#is paper " #a$e c#osen to %rite a&out an ama'in %oman %#o #ad to fi#t $ery #ard for #er

political ac#ie$ements and %#ose name made #istory( Mararet )#atc#er. !#e %as t#e first

%oman %#o actually &ecame t#e Prime Minister in t#e *nited +indom and %#o, since t#e

da%n of #er political career, #ad to ma-e #er $oice #eard in a mans %orld. Mararet )#atc#er

#as constantly pro$ed t#at, for a determined %oman, not#in is impossi&le and t#at t#e only

2


3/17

solution to any -ind of pro&lem is to &e open/minded. !#e #ad fans and enemies at t#e same

time, &ut t#is is uite a common aspect for any politicians life.

)#e current year 2013 is t#e year t#at mar-s #er deat#. )#is is one more reason to reflect

upon )#atc#ers leacy and to loo- &ac- on #er ac#ie$ements and political decisions %#ic#

ained #er %orld%ide fame. e all ac-no%lede t#e fact t#at any political fiure #as #is or #er

s#are of contro$ersy, &ut Mararet )#atc#er %as a po%erful presence and #er resourceful

insi#ts a$e us t#e courae to tac-le t#e intricate pro&lems of t#is %orld.

Mararet )#atc#er in #er yout#

!ource(www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcher

Introduction

3
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcher


4/17

Mararet )#atc#er, &orn on cto&er 13, 125 in rant#am, Enland, &ecame ritains

8onser$ati$e Party leader and in 17 %as elected prime minister, t#e first %oman to #old t#e

position. 9urin #er t#ree terms, s#e cut social %elfare prorams, reduced trade union po%er and

pri$ati'ed certain industries. !#e resined in 11 due to unpopular policy and po%er strules

in #er party. : !o$iet;ournalist nic-named #er t#e


5/17

Mararet )#atc#er

!ource( www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcher

Marret )#atc#er arri$ed at @ford in 143 and raduated in 147 %it# !econd 8lass >onoursin

t#e four/year 8#emistry ac#elor of !cience deree? in #er final year s#e specialised in A/ray

crystallorap#yunder t#e super$ision of 9orot#y >od-in.

"n t#e 150and 151 eneral electionss#e %as t#e 8onser$ati$e candidate for t#e safe La&our

seat of9artford, %#ere s#e attracted media attention as t#e younest and t#e only female

candidate. 9urin t#e campains, s#e %as supported &y #er parents and &y 9enis )#atc#er,

%#om s#e married in 9ecem&er 151. 9enis funded #is %ifes studies for t#e&ar? s#e ualified

as a &arrister in 153 and specialised in ta@ation. )#at same year #er t%ins, 8aroland Mar-,

%ere &orn.

5
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1950http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1951http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Thatcherhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1950http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1951http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Thatcher


6/17

Mararet )#atc#er


1.2Early political career

"n cto&er 161 )#atc#er %as promoted to t#e front &enc# asParliamentary *ndersecretary at

t#e Ministry of Pensions and Bational "nsurancein >arold Macmillans administration. :fter t#e

8onser$ati$es lost t#e 164 elections#e &ecame spo-es%oman on >ousin and Land, in %#ic#

position s#e ad$ocated #er partys policy of allo%in tenants to &uy t#eir council #ouses. !#e

mo$ed to t#e !#ado% )reasuryteam in 166, and as )reasury spo-es%oman opposed La&ours

mandatory price and income controls, aruin t#at t#ey %ould produce effects contrary to t#ose

intended and distort t#e economy.

"n 167 s#e %as selected &y t#e *nited !tates Em&assy in Londonto ta-e part in

t#e "nternational Cisitor Leaders#ip Proram Dt#en called t#e orein Leader ProramF, a

6
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Minister_for_Pensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Minister_for_Pensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Macmillanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_househttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HM_Treasuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Embassy,_Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Visitor_Leadership_Programhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Minister_for_Pensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Minister_for_Pensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Macmillanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,_1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_househttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HM_Treasuryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Embassy,_Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Visitor_Leadership_Program


7/17

professional e@c#ane proramme t#at a$e #er t#e opportunity to spend a&out si@ %ee-s

$isitin $arious *! cities and political fiures as %ell as institutions suc# as t#e "nternational

Monetary und. )#atc#er ;oined t#e !#ado% 8a&inetlater t#at year as uel spo-esman. !#ortly

&efore t#e170 eneral election, s#e %as promoted to !#ado% )ransport spo-esman and later to

Education.

)#e 8onser$ati$e party under Ed%ard >eat# %on t#e 170 eneral election, and )#atc#er %as

su&seuently appointed!ecretary of !tate for Education and !cience. 9urin #er first mont#s in

office s#e attracted pu&lic attention as a result of t#e administrations attempts to cut spendin.

!#e a$e priority to academic needs in sc#ools, and imposed pu&lic e@penditure cuts on t#e state

education system, resultin in t#e a&olition of free mil- for sc#oolc#ildren aed se$en to

ele$en. !#e #eld t#at fe% c#ildren %ould suffer if sc#ools %ere c#ared for mil-, &ut s#e areed

to pro$ide youner c#ildren %it# a t#ird of a pint daily, for nutritional purposes. >er decision

pro$o-ed a storm of protest from t#e La&our party and t#e press, leadin to t#e moni-er

ouse of 8ommons,

and Mararet )#atc#er &ecame t#e *+s first female Prime Minister.

)#atc#er &ecame Prime Minister on 4 May 17. :rri$in at 10 9o%nin !treet, s#e said, in a

parap#rase of t#e


8/17

:s Prime Minister, )#atc#er met %ee-ly %it# ueen Eli'a&et# "" to discuss o$ernment

&usiness, and t#eir relations#ip came under close scrutiny. "n Iuly 16 t#e Sunday Times

reported claims attri&uted to t#e ueens ad$isers of a


9/17

Mararet )#atc#er


)#atc#er narro%ly escaped in;ury in an "=: assassination attempt at a ri#ton #otel early in t#e

mornin on 12 cto&er 14. i$e people %ere -illed, includin t#e %ife of 8a&inet

Minister Io#n a-e#am. )#atc#er %as stayin at t#e #otel to attend t#e 8onser$ati$e Party

8onference, %#ic# s#e insisted s#ould open as sc#eduled t#e follo%in day. !#e deli$ered #er

speec# as planned, a mo$e t#at %as %idely supported across t#e political spectrum and en#anced

#er popularity %it# t#e pu&lic.

)#atc#er too- office in t#e penultimate decade of t#e8old arand &ecame closely alined %it#

t#e policies of *nited !tates President=onald =eaan, &ased on t#eir s#ared distrust of8ommunism, alt#ou# s#e stronly opposed =eaans cto&er 13in$asion of

renada. 9urin #er first year as Prime Minister s#e supportedB:)s decision to deploy *!

nuclear cruiseand Pers#in missilesin estern Europe, and permitted t#e *! to station more

t#an 160 cruise missiles at =: reen#am 8ommon, startin on 14 Bo$em&er 13 and

trierin mass protests &y t#e8ampain for Buclear 9isarmament. !#e &ou#t

t#e )ridentnuclear missile su&marine system from t#e *! to replace Polaris, triplin t#e *+s

nuclear forces at an e$entual cost of more t#an O12 &illion Dat 167 pricesF.

)#atc#ers antipat#y to%ards European interation&ecame more pronounced durin #er

premiers#ip, particularly after #er t#ird election $ictory in 17. 9urin a 1 speec#

inruess#e outlined #er opposition to proposals from t#e European 8ommunity DE8F,

forerunner of t#e European *nion, for a federal structure and increased centralisation of decision
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGM-109G_Ground_Launched_Cruise_Missilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-31_Pershinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Greenham_Commonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Trident_programmehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_integrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brugeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BGM-109G_Ground_Launched_Cruise_Missilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-31_Pershinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Greenham_Commonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Trident_programmehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_integrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brugeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union


10/17

ma-in. )#atc#er and #er party #ad supported ritis# mem&ers#ip of t#e E8 in t#e 175 national

referendum,&ut s#e &elie$ed t#at t#e role of t#e oranisation s#ould &e limited to ensurin free

trade and effecti$e competition, and feared t#at t#e E8s approac# %as at odds %it# #er $ie%s on

smaller o$ernment and dereulation.

"n 1, s#e remar-ed, er supporters in t#e party $ie%ed t#e

result as a success, and re;ected suestions t#at t#ere %as discontent %it#in t#e party.

9urin #er premiers#ip )#atc#er #ad t#e second/lo%est a$erae appro$al ratin, at 40 percent, of

any post/%ar Prime Minister. Polls consistently s#o%ed t#at s#e %as less popular t#an #er

party. : self/descri&ed con$iction politician, )#atc#er al%ays insisted t#at s#e did not care a&out

#er poll ratins, pointin instead to #er un&eaten election record.

)#atc#er %as replaced as Prime Minister and party leader &y #er 8#ancellor Io#n Ma;or, %#o

o$ersa% an upturn in 8onser$ati$e support in t#e 17 mont#s leadin up to t#e 12 eneral

election and led t#e 8onser$ati$es to t#eir fourt# successi$e $ictory on :pril 12.)#atc#er

fa$oured Ma;or o$er >eseltine in t#e leaders#ip contest, &ut #er support for #im %ea-ened inlater years.

1.! "ater years

10
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum,_1975http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum,_1975http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_Rate_Mechanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Lawsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Lawsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum,_1975http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum,_1975http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_Rate_Mechanismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Lawsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Lawson


11/17

)#atc#er returned to t#e &ac-&enc#es as MP for inc#ley for t%o years after lea$in t#e

premiers#ip.!#e retired from t#e >ouse at t#e 12 election, aed 66, sayin t#at lea$in t#e

8ommons %ould allo% #er more freedom to spea- #er mind.

"ost#$ommons

:fter lea$in t#e >ouse of 8ommons, )#atc#er &ecame t#e first former Prime Minister to set up

a foundation? it closed do%n in 2005 &ecause of financial difficulties. !#e %rote t%o $olumes of

memoirs, )#e 9o%nin !treet ears D13F and )#e Pat# to Po%er D15F. "n Iuly 12,

)#atc#er %as #ired &y t#e to&acco company P#ilip Morris as a ouses of Parliament. )#e &ron'e statue stands opposite t#at of #er political #ero,

11
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher,_Houses_of_Parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher,_Houses_of_Parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher,_Houses_of_Parliament


12/17

!ir inston 8#urc#ill, and %as un$eiled on 21 e&ruary 2007 %it# )#atc#er in attendance? s#e

made a rare and &rief speec# in t#e mem&ers lo&&y of t#e >ouse of 8ommons, respondin( ouse of 8ommons, %it# #er ri#t arm outstretc#ed.

:fter collapsin at a >ouse of Lords dinner, )#atc#er %as admitted to !t )#omas >ospital in

central London on 7 Marc# 200 for tests. )#atc#er returned to 10 9o%nin !treet in late

Bo$em&er 200 for t#e un$eilin of an official portrait &y t#e artist =ic#ard !tone, an unusual

#onour for a li$in e@/Prime Minister. !tone #ad pre$iously painted portraits of t#e ueen and

t#e ueen Mot#er.

)#atc#er defined #er o%n political p#ilosop#y, in a ma;or and contro$ersial &rea- %it# ne

Bation 8onser$ati$es li-e #er predecessor Ed%ard >eat#, in #er statement to 9oulas +eay,

pu&lis#ed in omans %nmaa'ine in !eptem&er 17(

" t#in- %e #a$e one t#rou# a period %#en too many c#ildren and people #a$e &een i$en to

understand


13/17

)#atc#ers tenure of 11 years and 20 days as Prime Minister %as t#e lonest since Lord

!alis&uryD13 years and 252 days in t#ree spells startin in 15F and t#e lonest continuous

period in office sinceLord Li$erpoolD14 years and 305 days startin in 112F

)#atc#er &ecame a Pri$y 8ouncillor DP8F upon &ecomin !ecretary of !tate for Education and

!cience in 170.!#e %as appointed a Mem&er of t#e rder of Merit DMF Dan order %it#in t#e

personal ift of t#e ueenF %it#in t%o %ee-s of lea$in office. 9enis )#atc#er %as made

a aronet at t#e same time. !#e &ecame a peer in t#e >ouse of Lords in 12 %it# a life

peerae as aroness )#atc#er, of +este$enin t#e 8ounty of Lincolns#ire. !#e %as appointed a

Lady 8ompanion of t#e rder of t#e arter, t#e *+s #i#est order of c#i$alry, in 15. !#e %as

elected as a ello% of t#e =oyal !ociety D=!F in 13 and %as t#e first %oman entitled to full

mem&ers#ip ri#ts as an #onorary mem&er of t#e 8arlton 8lu& on &ecomin leader of t#e

8onser$ati$e Party in 175.

1.# "egacy

Mararet )#atc#er #as &een depicted in many tele$ision prorammes, documentaries, films and

plays. !#e %as played &y Patricia >ode in "an 8urteiss lon unproduced )#e al-lands

Play D2002F and &y :ndrea =ise&orou#in t#e )C film )#e Lon al- to inc#ley D200F. !#e

is t#e titular c#aracter in t%o films, portrayed &y Lindsay 9uncan in Mareret D200F and

&y Meryl !treep in)#e "ron LadyD2011F in %#ic# s#e is depicted as #a$in :l'#eimers disease.

)#atc#er %as lampooned &y satirist Io#n ells in se$eral media. ells colla&orated

%it#=ic#ard "nramson t#e spoof


14/17

impersonator Ianet ro%n. )#e al&um consisted of s-its and sons satirisin )#atc#ers rise to

po%er.

Mararet )#atc#er


1.$ %tyle and titles

Miss Mararet =o&erts D125151F

Mrs Mararet )#atc#er D15115F

Mrs Mararet )#atc#er, MP D15170F

)#e =t >on. Mararet )#atc#er, MP D17010F

)#e =t >on. Lady )#atc#er, M, MP D1012F

)#e =t >on. )#e aroness )#atc#er, M, P8 D1215F

)#e =t >on. )#e aroness )#atc#er, L, M, P8 D152013F

14
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcher


15/17

Conclusions

:ll in all, to #er supporters, Mararet )#atc#er remains a fiure %#o re$italised ritains

economy, cur&ed t#e trade unions, and re/esta&lis#ed t#e nation as a %orld po%er. Mararet

)#atc#er %as indeed )#e "ron Lady, &ecause s#e a$e #er people t#e strent# to fi#t for %#at

t#ey considered &est for t#eir li$es. :t t#e same time s#e s#o%ed, t#rou# t#e e@ample of #er

o%n life, t#at &ein a %oman s#ould not &e reduced to more domestic duties li-e raisin c#ildren

and pro$idin for t#e needs of t#e family mem&ers. "t is a c#ance to ma-e your $oice #eard and

to #elp &uilt a &etter eneration. >er e@ample inspired %omen all around t#e %orld to fi#t for

t#eir ri#ts to study and to #a$e a career.

"n my opinion, Mararet )#atc#er %as more t#an a %oman, s#e %as a person %#o #as &ro-en

do%n t#e c#ains of pre;udice. )#rou#out #er life, s#e continued to &uilt a solid and respected

political career e$en %#en people dou&ted #er a&ilities and for t#at reason " respect #er and "

%ant to &rin to #er a tri&ute &y %ritin t#is paper.

:fter #er deat#, The %uardian made a poll and t#ey disco$ered t#at %omen are e$en more

con$inced t#an men of t#e importance of t#e )#atc#er e@ample( 64T of t#em t#in- s#e c#aned

societal attitudes and in adition to t#at, more t#an #alf D55TF of Enlis# $oters rate )#atc#er as

#a$in &een ood for ritain. :fter " #a$e seen t#is results, " &elie$ed t#at Mararet )#atc#er

%as and remains after #er deat# )#e "ron Lady.

15


16/17

Bibliography

Bec&ett' Andy D2010F. When the &ights Went 'ut( )ritain in the Seventies, London(

a&er U a&er.

Burns' (illiam E. D200F.A )rief *istory of %reat )ritain. acts on ile, London(

e--o

Bec&ett' ClareD2006F.argaret Thatcher, @ford( >aus Pu&lis#in

Blundell' )ohnD200F.argaret Thatcher+ A portrait of the Iron &ady, London( a&er U

a&er

Butler' *a+id, Butler' -areth D14F.)ritish "olitical acts -//0-1D7 ed.F.

@ford( e--o

Campbell' )ohn D2000F.argaret Thatcher( 2olume 'ne+ The %rocer3s 4aughter,

London( Pimlico

Campbell' )ohn D2003F.argaret Thatcher( 2olume Two+ The Iron &ady, London(

Pimlico

Childs' *a+idD2006F.)ritain since -15+ a political historyD6 ed.F. London( )alylor U

rancis

(illiams' AndyD1F. 67 %overnment 8 "olitics, 9er&y( >einemann

nline /esources0

www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcher

#ttp(VV%%%.&iorap#y.comVpeopleVmararet/t#atc#er

#ttp(VV%%%.mararett#at#cer.or

16
http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://www.biography.com/people/margaret-thatcherhttp://www.margaretthathcer.org/http://www.wikipedia.com/margaret_thatcherhttp://www.biography.com/people/margaret-thatcherhttp://www.margaretthathcer.org/


17/17

17

Margaret Thatcher Modificat23

Documents

Transcript of Margaret Thatcher Modificat23