Maps and Images for McKay 8e A History of Western Society Chapter 23 Ideologies and Upheavals,...

Maps and Images for McKay 8e

A History of Western Society

Chapter 23

Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1850

Cover Slide

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

"Peterloo" MassacreThis engraving from the Public Record Office, London, depicts the events of August 1819 at St. Peter's Fields, in Manchester, when a crowd demanding parliamentary reform was charged by government troops, leading to bloodshed. Using military force against the people as if against the French at Waterloo was seen as wrong, and the confrontation was branded "the battle of Peterloo." (Public Record Office)

"Peterloo" Massacre

Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

1830 Revolution in BelgiumAfter the 1830 uprising that overturned the restored monarchy in France, Belgians rose up to declare their independence from Holland. In Poland and Italy similar uprisings, combining nationalism with a desire for self-governance, failed. This painting by Baron Gustaf Wappers (Flemish historical and genre painter, 1803-1874) romantically illustrates the popular nature of the Belgian uprising by bringing to the barricades men, women, and children from both the middle and the working classes. (Musees Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique)

1830 Revolution in Belgium


Constitutional Government, DenmarkOn March 21, 1848, 15,000 Danes, inspired by the example of Paris, marched on the palace to demand constitutional rights. Unlike in the French capital, however, this event was peaceful and led to the establishment of constitutional government. This painting honors the new parliament that came into being after the liberal constitution was adopted in 1849. (Statens Museum fur Kunst, Copenhagen)

Constitutional Government, Denmark


Delacroix, Liberty Leading the PeopleLiberty Leading the People by Eugene Delacroix (1798-1863) has been called the first political painting in modern art. As an allegory, the painting idealizes and glorifies the idea of liberty. Lady Liberty, the seminude woman, holds a musket in one hand and waves the tricolor flag of the French Revolution in the other, leading the people in their armed revolt. Of special note are the menacing figure with the sword, on the left, who represents the underclass, and the street urchin brandishing pistols. (Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY)

Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People


Delacroix, Massacre at ChiosEugene Delacroix (1798-1863) based his important painting, Scenes from the Massacres at Chios, on an actual event. In 1822, during the Greek War of Independence, Turks massacred 20,000 Greeks on the island of Chios. Delacroix's portrayal focuses attention on both the victims in the foreground (some already dead and others dejectedly awaiting their fate) and those in the background, also waiting to be slaughtered. The vibrant, rich, contrasting colors and the luminescent sky became a staple of his work. (R.M.N./Art Resource, NY)

Delacroix, Massacre at Chios


Friedrich, Traveler Looking over Sea of FogCaspar David Friedrich (1774-1840) was Germany's greatest romantic painter, and his Traveler Looking over a Sea of Fog (1815) is a representative masterpiece. Friedrich's paintings often focus on dark silhouetted figures, silently contemplating an eerie landscape. He came to believe that humans were only an insignificant part of an all-embracing higher unity. (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz)

Friedrich, Traveler Looking over Sea of Fog


McDonald, Discovery of Potato BlightIn this painting, The Discovery of the Potato Blight in Ireland, 1847, Daniel McDonald depicts an Irish family that has dug up its potato harvest and has just discovered to its horror that the blight has rotted the crop. Like thousands of Irish families of the time, this family now faces the starvation and the mass epidemics of the Great Famine. (Dept of Folklore, University College Dublin)

McDonald, Discovery of Potato Blight


Photograph of MarxThis sepia photograph depicts Karl Marx (1818-1883) in a dignified and confident pose. Interpreting history in economic terms, Marx predicted that socialism would replace capitalism. In his Communist Manifesto (which he published with Friedrich Engels) he called for the proletariat to overthrow capitalism and to establish a classless society. (Corbis)

Photograph of Marx


Revolutionary Justice in ViennaAs part of the conservative resurgence, in October 1848 the Austrian minister of war ordered up reinforcements for an army that was marching on Hungary. In a last defiant gesture, the outraged revolutionaries in Vienna, as shown in this engraving, seized the minister and lynched him from a lamppost for treason. The army then reconquered the city in a week of bitter fighting. (Mary Evans Picture Library/Photo Researchers)

Revolutionary Justice in Vienna


Revolutions in TransylvaniaThis is a detail of a larger painting from the National Historical Museum, Bucharest, depicting Ana Ipatescu, of the first group of revolutionaries in Transylvania against Russia. (National Historical Museum Budapest/The Art Archive)

Revolutions in Transylvania


Triumph of Democratic Rights, FranceThis French allegorical lithograph constructs a joyous, optimistic vision of the initial revolutionary breakthrough in 1848, but it no longer has passionate immediacy and sense of urgency. A procession of peoples of Europe, joined together around their respective national banners, file past the statue of liberty, now rigid in marble. The conventionality of the figures and the exaggerated gestures of triumph somehow convey only tepid convictions; revolution is just a word. (Archives of Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Milan)

Triumph of Democratic Rights, France


Map: Europe in 1815

Europe in 1815Europe's leaders re-established a balance of political power after the defeat of Napoleon. Prussia gained territory on the Rhine and in Saxony and consolidated its position as a Great Power. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.)


Maps and Images for McKay 8e A History of Western Society Chapter 23 Ideologies and Upheavals,...

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