MAP SKILLS WG SOL 1a - e. Geographic Sources Geographic information may be acquired from a variety...
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Transcript of MAP SKILLS WG SOL 1a - e. Geographic Sources Geographic information may be acquired from a variety...
MAP SKILLS
WG SOL 1a - e
Geographic Sources
Geographic information may be acquired from a variety of sources
Geographic information supports the process of inquiry into the nature of countries, cities, and environments
A. GIS – Geographic Information Systems
B. Field WorkC. Satellite ImagesD. PhotographsE. Maps, globesF. DatabasesG. Primary SourcesH. Diagrams
GIS – You use it all the time
Field Work
Satellite Images
Photographs
Maps & Globes
Maps are great because they are FLAT and can go into ATLASES. They also can show whatever information you want to put on them.
Globes are nice because they are ACCURATE in their shape of the world. BUT terrible to carry around and EXPENSIVE
Database
Capital Population Life Expectancy (years)
Birthrate (per 1,000 pop.)
Infant Mortality (per 1,000 live births)
Doctors (per 100,000 people)
INDIANew Delhi
1,002,142,000 61 27 72.0 48
UNITED STATESWashington, DC
315,422,000 77 15 7.0 251
Primary Sources – provide new information
Diagrams
Parts of a Map
Absolute Location Latitude Longitude
Relative Location – Used to describe where a place is based on physical features or known places
A. Scale (Large and small scale maps) – used to show detail
B. Scale (used to measure distance)
C. Compass Rose (used to find orientation
D. Cardinal Directions (N, S, E, W)
E. Intermediate Directions (NE, NW, SE, SW)
Scale can show distanceBetween two points or detail.
Mental Maps
A. Mental maps are maps in your head that you use to:
A. Carry out daily activities
B. Give directions to others
C. Understand world events
A. Mental maps can be refined by:
A. Comparing sketch maps to maps in atlases
B. Describing the location of places in terms of reference points, geographic features, or human characteristics
Types of Maps Physical maps show
landforms and elevation
Political maps show human made features such as cities, countries and roads
Contour maps show elevation using isolines
Thematic maps show specific information (THEMES)
Physical Maps
Examples of Thematic Maps
A. Population B. Economic ActivityC. ResourceD. LanguageE. EthnicityF. ClimateG. PrecipitationH. Vegetation
Map ProjectionsA. All maps are distorted or
inaccurate (shape, area, distance, direction)
B. Mercator – (square) – used by ship navigators – distorted by shape, area, and distance (Top is too big, middle is too small)
C. Polar – (round) – used by airline pilots because it shows shortest distance – distorted by area because it only shows one hemisphere
D. Robinson – (rounded edges) – used to compare data in atlases – distorted all 4 ways, but not terribly (compromise)
Mercator Projection
Polar Projection
Robinson Projection
How Maps Change
A. Changing place names
A. Formosa Taiwan Republic of China
B. Palestine Israel West Bank/Gaza
B. Perspective of place names
B. Arabian Gulf vs. Persian Gulf
C. Sea of Japan vs. East Sea
D. Middle East vs. Southwest Asia
How Maps Change
A. BoundariesA. Africa in 1914 and
1990sB. Europe before and
after WWI and since 1990
C. Russia and the former Soviet Union
D. Middle East before 1948 and after 1967
B. Disputed AreasA. KoreaB. Western SaharaC. Former
YugoslaviaD. Kashmir