Manual Tecnico Inglês - Adubação Bioló · PDF filel...
Transcript of Manual Tecnico Inglês - Adubação Bioló · PDF filel...
TECHNICAL MANUAL
Congratulations! The decision of using Microgeo® in
your agricultural production, as forestall or cattle raising is lined up to the most up-to-date productivity concepts, sustainability and resource economy.
Microgeo® is a balanced component which feeds the microorganisms from the bovine ruminal contents in Continuous Liquid Composting (CLC ®), producing biological fertilizer, promoting soil recuperation, optimizing other agricultural inputs and production factors.
Technical Manual objectives:
1 - Assisting you in the installation of your own biological fertilizer plant (Bioplant).2 - Advise you about the best production and usage practices of biological fertilizer.3 – Give information about how to keep Bioplant continuous production and Microgeo® replacement so that it can supply the production needs.
If necessary, get in touch with us by phone 019 3404 6581 or by e-mai
You can also access the site www.microgeo.com.br.
CONGRATULATIONS!
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MICROGEO®
MICROGEO®
Microgeo® is a product that allows the agriculturist and cattle ranchers to set up and keep their own biological fertilizer production.It is a component used in the fermentation and the Continuous Liquid Composting (CLC®) with the following functions:
ŸTo feed with nutrients and substrata the biological ruminal activity;ŸTo regulate the biological fertilizer production keeping the continuous fermentation;ŸTo avoid acid or lacteal alcoholic fermentation;ŸTo keep the biological fertilizer always ready for use, onlyreplacing Microgeo® according to this manualrecommendation. Technical Characteristics below:
The biological fertilizer produced by the CLC® process, present the following technical and agronomic characteristics:
Organic fertilizer produced in Bioplant CLC®
Biological composition: Presents a great microorganism diversity as; bacteria, fungi, leavens and actinomycetes. When applied to the soil, it works to increase the biological biomass, revitalize and restructure. In foliar spray it has multiple action over the plant nutrition and health.
Biological Concentration: Presents in its average composition 89% of bacteria and 11% of fungi, leaves and actinomycetes, namely:3.5 X 106 to 1 X 108 CFU of bacteria / ml, 100 million CFU / ml0.5 X 107 to 1.25 x 107 CFU fungi / ml,up to 12.5 million CFU / mlSource: Dept. of Entomology Laboratory ESALQ/USP- CFU = Colony Forming Unit
Nutrients: Microgeo®, macro and micronutrients designed to nourish and multiply the microorganisms in the Continuous Liquid Composting (CLC®), and when applied to the soil, also favor the biological flora like micorrizas, rizobium, tricoderma and specific inoculation. In a foliar spray they contribute to the culture nutrition.
Secondary metabolites: With Microgeo® re-feeding the continuous fermentation CLC®, there is a guarantee that the constant production of secondary metabolites and nutrients will have multiple actions in the nutrition, bloom , health and culture production.
PH: At the beginning of CLC® the environment is acidic, around PH 4. From 15 days on the acidity diminishes and stabilizes from 30 days on with PH 6 to 7.
Odor: At the beginning of CLC® the characteristic odor of bovine manure or ruminal contents is present but from 30 days on it diminishes with Microgeo® replacement.
ApprovedInput
CLC® Bioplant Installation
CLC® Bioplant destined to produce in a continuous way the biological fertilizer, is compound of Bioplant, stopcock, pre-filter, shaker, to be installed in the agricultural production unit of reforestation and cattle raising.
Bioplant: The tank size does not have influence on the cost of the biological fertilizer production and maintenance. Use PVC, fiberglass, metal or masonry.
Tank localization: Install under sun light, next to water supply, keeping it always uncovered. It is important that the tank receive direct sun light.
Pré-Filtro: Instalall a pré-filtro inside the Bioplant to strain the hanging particles.Strain the biological fertilizer with a strainer at the sprayer tank entrance.
Stopcock: Install the stopcock in the Bioplant water pipe to keep its level.
Shaker: Shake the Bioplant twice a week or when you add Microgeo® to it.
Measurement and CLC® Bioplant usage
Tank Capacity: It is determined according to the biological fertilizer dose, the period of utilization, the daily or intermittent system of usage (weekly interval).
Allowed tank Maximum depth of 2 meters and minimum of 0.5 meters.
WARNING: ISOLATE AND ENCIRCLE THE PRODUCTION TANK MAINLY IN CHILDREN AND ANIMALS AREAS.
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BIOPLANT
Pré-Filtro
Biological fertilizer average
physicochemical characteristics
PH
6,8
Conduction (
mS/cm)
2.700
DQO (mg O 2/Lt)
1.200
DBO5, 20 (mg/Lt)
1.850
Color (mg PtCo/L)
11.960
Turbidity (UNT)
950
Alkalization (mgCaCO 3/Lt)
96
Phosphorus (mg /Lt )
49,6
Nitrogen (mg/L)
347
Source: Faculty of Technologyand Environmental Sanitation/UNICAMP
BIOPLANT
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BIOPLANT
Finishing the application, replay Microgeo® and water level immediately, waiting seven days to use the biological fertilizer again.
Recommended biological fertilizer dose by production cycle or yearly:
Bioplant capacity estimate (tank volume):Simplified formula
See Step by Step on the next page.
CULTURA
DOSE
Coffee, tea, sugar cane, fruit growing,pasturereforestation and others pernnial cultures
300 liters / Ha
Grains, vegetables, flowers, hydroponics andothers yearly cultures
150 liters / Ha
Fertilization period: Quantity of days spent in the biological fertilizer application on the whole culture area to be fertilized.
Fertilized area / day: Number of hectares fertilized by day. Biological Fertilizer daily continues usage:It is used when the fertilization period is larger than 30 days to apply on the whole culture area, forest or pasture. It is allowed a maximum daily consumption of 10% of the Bioplant volume.
Biological fertilizer monthly intermittent usage:It is used when the fertilization period is up to 30 days to apply on the whole culture area. It is allowed a maximum consumption of up to 70% of the Bioplant volume. Divide the whole area into four parts with fertilization every 7 days to make the application easier.
Biological fertilizer weekly intermittent usage:It is used when the application period is up to 7 days to cover the whole culture area. It is allowed a maximum consumption of up to 70% of the Bioplant volume.
Always replace Microgeo® and water after of the daily biological fertilizer removal.
Finishing the application, replace Microgeo® and water level immediately, waiting seven days to use the biological fertilizer again.
TANK DIMENSION: STEP BY STEP.
Step 01 - The culture type determine the necessary dose in liters of biological Fertilizer (in Ha). Use the table below and fill in the blanks a
CULTURE
DOSE
Coffee, tea, sugar cane, fruit growing,pasturereforestation and others pernnial cultures
300 laiters / Ha
Grains, vegetables, flowers, hydroponics andothers yearly cultures
150 laiters / Ha
a Liters / Ha
Step 02 - To define which is the total area for the applicationof Biological Fertilizer (in Ha). Fill in the blank b
b Ha
c Ha / DaycStep 03 - To define which is the Biological capacity by day (ha / day). Fill in the blank
Fertilizer application
Step 05 - Now d the ideal Tank Volume (L):etermine
d Daysb c
d
Step 04 - To define whith is the best fertilization period (day). Do the followingaccountand fill in the blanks
dIf the result is:Larger than 30 days use belowLarger than 7 and smaller than 30 use belowEqual or smaller than 7 use below
Formula 1 Formula 2
Formula 3
Formula 1 - Continuous Daily use
a cx 0,1 =
Liters
Formula 2 - Monthly Intermittent Use
b ax 0,7 =4
Liters
Formula 3 - Weekly Intermittent Use
b ax 0,7 =
Liters
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STEP BY STEP
MICROGEOReplacement inthe Bioplant
®
COMPONENTS DOSE UNIT
MICROGEO® 5% of tank volume kilos
15% of tank volume Liters
WATTER Fill up the tank volume Liters
RUMINAL CONTENT ORBOVINE MANURE
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PRODUCTION
CLC® Bioplant Start
Components doses to start the fermentation and the biological fertilizer production. To add and next to stir the Bioplant:
The biological fertilizer can be used after 15 days of the initial mixture. Stir twice a week the floating organic layer or the one at the tank bottom and every time Microgeo® is replaced in the Bioplant.
Use: Do not stir the tank at the moment of use, strain or pre-filter before using..
Daily Continuous Use: It is allowed daily maximum consumption of 10% of the production tank volume. Replace Microgeo® and water every day.
Weekly or Monthly Intermittent Use: Consume up to 70% from the production tank volume. After Microgeo® and water replacement, wait seven days to use the biological fertilizer.
Observation:
ŸUse ruminal contents or confined, dairy or grazing cattle manure with approximately 20 days after the animal production. Bovine manure too 'green' or 'fresh' should not be used because it contains up to 70% of humidity what saturates the environment and makes
difficult the pre-filtration of the biological fertilizer at the beginning of is usage.
ŸIn areas subject to frequent frosts, is preferable to use ruminal content
Ÿ.If is not possible to get bovine manure, use from other ruminal animals.
ŸDo not use manure from birds and swines.
ŸIn the production it is common the presence of fly larva known as “Hang Glider” and bees are attracted to it. There is no risk of dengue larva due to the fermentation.
ŸDo not use chlorinated water. In areas where the water is chlorinated, it must be stored in on open tank under the sun and be utilized after there days.
ŸRain: Cover the up to 5,000 liters tanks, keeping an air entrance, and uncover after the rain, or use plastic covering. In bigger tanks remove the excess avoiding losses.
ŸEvaporation: Lowering the level, replace only water, not the other components.
ŸTo store or transport the biological fertilizer in drums, after arriving keep them open and use of most in four days.
ŸKeep always the level in the Bioplant, even when the biological fertilizer is not being used. During harvest interval, when the biological fertilizer is not produced and used, keep the bioplant always full, replacing the water level and Microgeo (2,5%) after the biological fertilizer last withdrawal from the tank.
Example: When up to 700 liters of biological fertilizer are removed from a 1,000 liters tank, replace 17.5 kg of Microgeo®, and water level.
Microgeo® necessity for the CLC® maintenance:
Organic layer maintenance in the Bioplant: The organic layer in the Bioplant represents 20% of its volume, composed of 5% of Microgeo®, more 15% of bovine manure or ruminal contents. The replacement of bovine floyer manure or ruminal content is only necessary if the tank layer diminishes from the proportion of 20% of the tank volume.
The level of 20% is measured with the help of a agitating squeegee which touches the organic layer deposited at the tank bottom.
Normally the organic biomass reduction takes place when a humid manure with low content of fiber is used. When the reduction is noticed, replace a small quantitu of manure, keeping the initial layer of 20% in the tank bottom.
Due to the CLC® Process which guarantees the fermentation in a continues way, the biological fertilizer has an indefinite expiration date, within the Bioplant and it is always ready to be use.
When the Bioplant CLC® is not operation it is common the presence of algae but they disappear with the biological fertilizer production restart.
CLC® Bioplant Production, Replacement and Maintenance.
In order to maintain the biological fertilizer production, refeed the Bioplant with Microgeo® in the following proportion:
Maintenance of the 'CONTINUOS USAGE': After using up to 10% of the Bioplant, replace 2.5% of Microgeo® and replace the water level again.
Example: Removed 100 liters of biological fertilizer from a 1,000 liters tank, replace 2,5 kg of Microgeo® and the water level.
Maintenance of the “Weekly or Monthly Intermittent Usage” System: After using up to 70% volume of the Bioplant, replace 2.5% of Microgeo® and the water level.
Apllied BiologicalFertilizer Dose
MICROGEO
on the Fertized Area® Consumption
150 liters / Ha
3,75 Kg / Ha
300 / Haliters 7,5 Kg / Ha
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REPLACEMENT
2,5% OF USED BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER VOLUME
(2,5 Kg MICROGEOBIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER)
®/100 LITERS
WaterAddition
Bioplant withAdapted Pré-Filter
Microgeo® Placement+ Bovine Manure
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REPLACEMENT
Grain and Sugar Cane Application
Permanent Culture Apllication
With regard to the layer formed by Microgeo®, because of its organic substances resistent to decomposition (recalcitration), in the long run, a minor accumulation and a level raise of organic layer at the Bioplant bottom will take place. Remove the excess in case of it be over 20% of the volume.
IMPORTANT: THE BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER STORED IN THE BIOPLANT HAS AN INDETERMINATE EXPIRATION DATE.
Recommendation:
The biological fertilization can be performed within the habitual spraying conditions of the other inputs, without any temperature, luminosity and humidity restrictions. Can be also applied with rain, dew and at night.
The biological fertilizer application of 150 L / ha must be made at the initial phase of the culture development to optimize the biological biomass growing on soil, fed by the culture radicular exudation.
Flooded rice: see ferti-irrigation.
Foliar biological fertilization at 3% can be made together with: fungicides, insecticides, acaridicides, fertilizers, foliar hormones, biological defensives and acidifying.
Do not apply biological fertilizer with bactericides.
Culture
BiologicalFertilizer
Dose
ApplicationType
150 L/Ha
3%
(3,0 L /100 L
water)
SoybeanCorn
WheatBeanRice
PeanutSunflower
CottonCanola
And other yearly
Cultures
GRAIN
Spraying
Spray Nozzles
Culture periodor phase Make
Type
Color
Spacing Betweem
Nozzles
Total areaFrom post-emergency
to the closing of culture Interlineation
MagnoJet TMJ 7,5
MJC 9 green
blue Fieldjet ¼ CKL 9 metal Jacto
DEF 105
purple
Foliar 3 times during
the vegetative and florescence period
Usual nozzles and line filters on spraying withother inputs and foliar defensives
3,0 m
4,0 m Remove the spray,line filters
4,0 m 1,5
m
Pre-filter at the spraer entrance
Observation
Recommendation:
The biological fertilization can be performed without any temperature, luminosity and humidity restrictions. Can be applied with rain, dew and at night, optimizing the operational produce.
Aiming to optimize the operational logistics, the biological fertilizer can be applied togheter with: micronutrient, organic, chemical liquid fertilizer. Apply on the very day of misture with chemical fertilizer.
Biological or chemical defensives an PH reducers;
Fermented sugar cane residue and ferti-irrigation;
Filter cake;
Do not apply biological fertilizer with bactericides.
SUGAR CANE
Sugar CanePlant
Sugar CaneNew Shoots
100 L/HaPlantation
furrowAt covering
Usual nozzles and line filters on application togetherwith other inputs an defesives
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
200 L/Ha Total areaFrom post-emergency tothe closing of theculture interlineation
MagnoJetTMJ 7,5
MJC 13,5green
green
red
red
3,0 m4,0 m
Remove thesprayer line filters
Fieldjet ¼ CKL 18 metal 4,0 m
300 L/Ha Total areaFrom post-emergencyto the closing of theculture interlineation
MagnoJetTMJ 7,5
MJC 13,5
2,0 m
CultureBiologicalFertilizer
Dose
Spraying Spraying Nozzles
Observation Application
KindMake Type Color
Spacing betweennozzles
4,0 m
Remove the sprayerline filters
Fieldjet ¼ CLK 18 metal
4,0 m
Culture periodor phase
COFFEE AND TEA
Recommendation: The biological fertilization can be performed without any temperature, luminosity and humidity restrictions. Can be applied inclusive with rain, dew and at nigth, evening, optimizing the operational production.
For a larger produce on soil application, use pure biological fertilizer in the sprayer or in the costal pump.
Apply biological fertilizer at the beginning of the vegetative culture period and after herbicide or after land clearing.
The biological fertilizer can be applied on the soil with liquids, chemical or organic fertilizers. Apply on the same day after the mixture.
Foliar biological fertilization from 3% to 5% of concentration, can
be apllied with: fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, foliar hormones, biological defensives and acidifyings.
During drought and culture stress, make foliar biological fertilization at 3%.
See recommendation for ferti-irrigated cultures and hydroponics.
Do not apply biological fertilizer with bactericides.
fertilizers,
CultureBiological Fertilizer
Dose
Application Type
Culture period
or phase
Coffee, Tea, Paraguay-tea(mate)tobacco
300 L/ha
Total area on adult culturesoil and on
growing strip
Two applications of150L/Ha at the beginningand during the vegetative
period
MagnoJet
TMJ 7,5
MJC 9 green
blue
3,0 m
4,0 m Remove the sprayer
line filters
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 9
metal
4,0 m
CostalPump
CostalPump
Pattern Pattern ------ Pre-filter at the sprayer
entrance
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Total area onadult culturesoil and on
growing strip
One application of 300L/Ha at the beginningof the vegetative period
MagnoJet
TMJ 7,5 MJC 13,5
greenred
2,0 m 4,0 m
Remove the sprayer linefilters
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 18
metal
4,0 m
Pattern
Pattern
------
3% to 5%
(3,0 to 5,0 L / 100 L
water)
Foliar
3 at 4 times duringthe culture vegetative, florescence and stress
period
Usual nozzles and line filters on spraying with otherinputs and foliar defensives
Make Type ColorSpacing between
nozzles
Observation
Spraying Spraying Nozzles
HORTICULTURE
Recommendation: The biological fertilization can be performed without any temperature, luminosity the humidity restrictions. Can be also applied with rain, dew at night, optimizing the operational production.
For a better operational production on soil, use pure biological fertilizer in sprayer or in coastal pump.
Make the biological fertilization on soil at the beginning of vegetative culture period and after herbicide or land clearing.
The biological fertilizer can be applied on soil together with organic or chemical liquid fertilizers.Apply on the same day after mixture .
Foliar biological fertilization from 3% to 5% of concentration, can be performed with: fungicides, insecticides, acaridicides, fertilizers foliar hormones, biological defensives and acidifyings.
During drought and culture stress culture stress, make foliar biological fertilization at 3%.
See technical recommendation for Ferti-Irrigation and Hydroponics.
Do not apply biological fertilizer with bactericides.
Cultures
ApplicationType
Culture periodor plase
AvocadoBarbador CherrySweetopBananaCacaoPersimmonCitrusCoconutLycheePapayaMangoAppleMelonGrapeGuava
300 L/ha
MagnoJet
TMJ 7,5
MJC 9
3,0 m
4,0 m
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 9
metal
4,0 m
------
MagnoJet TMJ 7,5
MJC 13,5
2,0 m 4,0 m
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 18
metal
4,0 m
------
3% to 5%
(3,0 to 5,0 L / 100 L
water)
BiologicalFertilizer
Dose Type ColorSpacing between
nozzlesMake
Observation
Spraying NozzlesSpraying
Total area on adult culturesoil and on
growing strip
Total area onadult culturesoil and on
growing strip
Foliar
Two applications of150L/Ha at the beginningand during the vegetative
period
One application of 300L/Ha at the beginningof the vegetative period
3 to 4 times duringculture vegetative, period florescence
and stress
greenblue
Pattern Pattern
Pattern Pattern
greenred
CostalPump
CostalPump
Usual nozzles and line filters on spraying with otherinputs and foliar defensives
Remove the sprayerline filters
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Remove the sprayes linefilters
VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS
ApplicationType
Vegetablesand
Flowers
150 L/Ha
Soil total area
Before plantation,on bed plantationor on substrate
MagnoJet TMJ 7,5
MJC 9
Adjustwith the
bed width
Fieldjet ¼ CKL 9 metal
Jacto DEF 105 purple
--------
0,5 to 1,0%
(0,5 to 1,0
L /100 L
water)
Foliar
Weekly orfortnightly applications
Recommendation:
The biological fertilization can be performed without any temperature, luminosity and humidity restrictions.Can be also applied with rain, dew and at nigth optimizing teh operational production.
Start the foliar biological fertilization at 0.5% after the culture germination or growing. Following spray at 1% concentration, weekly or fortnightly.
Foliar biological fertilization can be performed together with: fungicides, insecticides, bactericides, fertilizers, foliar hormones, biological defensives and acidifying.
See technical recommendation for irrigation cultures with fertilizer: Ferti-Irrigation and Hydroponics Do not apply biological fertilizer with bactericidal.
CultureBiologicalFertilizer
Dose
Spraying Spraying Nozzles
Observation
Type ColorSpacing between
nozzlesCulture period
or phaseMake
Usual nozzles and line filters on spraying with otherinputs and foliar defensives
Pattern Pattern CostalPump
Remove the sprayerline filters
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
Pre-filter at the sprayerentrance
greenblue
Recommendation:
The biological fertilization can be performed without any temperature, luminosity, and humidity restrictions. Can be also applied with rain, dew at night ,optimizing the operational production.
Foliar biological fertilization can be performed with organic, liquid chemical fertilizers, micronutrients and foliar hormones.
After the intensive rotational pasturing, apply the 300 L / ha of the biological fertilizer, dividing the doses according to the number of pasturing realized during the year.
The biological fertilization must be always performed at the beginning of the pasture or forage vegetative development.
PASTUREAND FORAGE
ApplicationType
Pastureand
Forage 300 L/ha
Total Area
Total Area
MagnoJet TMJ 7,5 MJC 9
greenblue
3,0 m 4,0 m
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 9
metal
4,0 m
MagnoJet
TMJ 7,5 MJC 13,5
greenred
2,0 m 4,0 m
Fieldjet
¼ CKL 18
metal
4,0 m
CultureBiologicalFertilizer
Dose
Spraying Spraying Nozzles
Observation
Type ColorSpacing between
nozzlesCulture period
or phaseMake
One application of 300L/Ha extensive pasturing
at the vegetativepasture initial period
3 application of 300L/Ha after each pasturing on the
rotational pasture or on forage cutting
Remove the sprayerline filters
Remove the sprayerline filters
FERTI-IRRIGATION:
The biological fertilization can be applied on cultures that are ferti-irrigated through irrigation systems as dripping, flooding, microsprinkling or central pivot. The biological fertilization is performed together in the same frequency and ferti-irrigation period of the used chemical fertilizers. Install the CLC ® Bioplant, next to the tank of dilution and injection of fertilizers in the ferti-irrigation system. See table above.
Observation:- Irrigated area by irrigation turn. On central pivot is equal to total area. On dripping and microsppinkling is equals to subparcel area ferti-irrigated by irrigation turn.- Number of irrigation turns: total number of ferti-irrigations made during the culture cycle.- The minimum interval for the irrigation turn, fert-irrigated with biological fertilizer, must be of one week.- The pre-filter placed inside the CLC® Bioplant fermentation tank together with the filters of the irrigation systems through dripping or microsprinkling are sufficient to avoid obstruction in the ferti-irrigation lines.- Foliar biological fertilization: apply the doses and the frequency suggested for the culture .- Flooded rice: dose 300l/ha, 150l/ha on pre-plantation and 150l/ha with the irrigation .
HYDROPONICS:
On hydroponics production system the biological fertilization is used according to the recommendation:
At the beginning add the biological fertilizer at the concentration from 1% to 2% of the nourishing solution total volume.
On maintenance, everytime nutrients are added and nourishing solution level is replaced add the biological fertilizer at the concentration from 1% to 2% of the nourishing soluction total volume.
Gradually reduce the chemical fertilizer doses to get a larger efficency as well as better culture result.
Foliar biological fertilization follows the doses and frequency suggested for the culture.
IRRIGATION WITH FERTILIZERAND HYDROPONICS
IntermittentWeeklyUsage
Dose (L/Ha) Formula Result
Tank Volume (L)
300 Ferti-irrigated area by irrigation turn (Ha) X 428,6 Number of irrigation turns on ferti-irrigated period
150 Ferti-irrigated area by irrigation turn (Ha) X 214,3)
Number of irrigation turns ferti-irrigated period
USAGE CONTROL
Date Plantationfield/Sector
UsedVolume
(L)
TotalUsed(T)
Microgeo® ReplacementT / 40
ApplicationKind
Observation: On Microgeo ® replacement, the T column must be cleared (Total used= sum of used fugures (L) Always Keep a high level of water in the tank. In case of evaporation, replace water without adding other products.
ApprovedInput