Managing Network Technologies Ole Hanseth, IFI, UiO SUMIT Trondheim, 4th Sept. 2002.
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Transcript of Managing Network Technologies Ole Hanseth, IFI, UiO SUMIT Trondheim, 4th Sept. 2002.
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Managing Network Managing Network TechnologiesTechnologies
Ole Hanseth, IFI, UiOOle Hanseth, IFI, UiO
SUMIT Trondheim, 4th Sept. 2002SUMIT Trondheim, 4th Sept. 2002
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Important conceptsImportant concepts
• NetworkNetwork
• Installed baseInstalled base
• BootstrappingBootstrapping
• Lock-inLock-in
• GatewayGateway
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The challengesThe challenges
• Network technologies: Telemedicine, Network technologies: Telemedicine, EDI, EPR, ..EDI, EPR, ..
• Open and generic technologies, use Open and generic technologies, use not pre-definednot pre-defined
• Discretionary, not mandated use Discretionary, not mandated use (’from users to customers’)(’from users to customers’)
• Necessity of learning-based Necessity of learning-based developmentdevelopment
• and most importantly ...and most importantly ...
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Networks and network Networks and network technologiestechnologies
Economy of networks:Economy of networks:• Increasingly attractive with size, Increasingly attractive with size,
self-reinforcing mechanism.self-reinforcing mechanism.
• Dilemmas:Dilemmas:– Doesn’t take off: No value for few users Doesn’t take off: No value for few users
– everybody waits for the others.– everybody waits for the others.– If it does: Lock-in.If it does: Lock-in.
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’’Multidimensional’ critical Multidimensional’ critical massmass
• Diversity of users (motivation, Diversity of users (motivation, knowledge, style, …)knowledge, style, …)
• Heterogeneity of use areas and of Heterogeneity of use areas and of technologies.technologies.
• Granovetter’s pedestrians: Granovetter’s pedestrians: distribution of individual preferences.distribution of individual preferences.
• Networks of networksNetworks of networks
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’’Bootstrapping’ Bootstrapping’
• Enclocypedia: ’She bootstrapped herself to Enclocypedia: ’She bootstrapped herself to the top’ – to manage on one’s ownthe top’ – to manage on one’s own
• Lifting yourselves by your hairLifting yourselves by your hair• Booting a computerBooting a computer• Implementing a programming languageImplementing a programming language• Language learningLanguage learning• Making a tool/network by means of the Making a tool/network by means of the
tool/networktool/network• ””Deliver a better today, rather than promise Deliver a better today, rather than promise
a better tomorrow”. a better tomorrow”.
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Bootstrapping Network Bootstrapping Network TechnologiesTechnologies
• Select motivated and knowledgeable Select motivated and knowledgeable usersusers
• Simple, non-critical, non-complicated use Simple, non-critical, non-complicated use areas where no large organisational areas where no large organisational changes are required.changes are required.
• Select simple, relatively cheap and well Select simple, relatively cheap and well supported technical solutions.supported technical solutions.
• Users first, then functionality/technologyUsers first, then functionality/technology
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Lock-in and gatewaysLock-in and gateways
• Large networks are never made from scratch Large networks are never made from scratch – extending and improving the installed base– extending and improving the installed base
• Backward compatibilityBackward compatibility• EPR: institutionalised (standardized network) EPR: institutionalised (standardized network)
of practicesof practices• Fit/support existing practices (otherwise no Fit/support existing practices (otherwise no
bootstrapping)bootstrapping)• Makes a larger network – harder to changeMakes a larger network – harder to change• Gateways between old and new networks: Gateways between old and new networks:
connected and different connected and different