MAN AND NATURAL MAN AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONEnvironment means the surrounding

conditions that effects the lifestyle of living things.

It includes biotic and abiotic components.

Our surroundings includes natural and manmade things.

Human life gets affected by the environment and hence we find differences in the human life of different regions.

Natural environmentNatural environment

All components which come into existence naturally are included in natural environment.

The landforms on the earth, the climate, soils, minerals, sunlight etc are components of our natural environment.

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

CULTURAL CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT In order to enrich his life man has used many natural resources and in this process he has brought many changes in natural environment. Human settlements, roads, buildings, dams etc have developed through this.

MANMADE THINGS MANMADE THINGS

Interactions in Interactions in environmentenvironmentTHERE ARE MANY INTERACTIONS

BETWEEN BIOTIC [LIVING] AND ABIOTIC [NON LIVING] COMPONENTS.

ALL THE BIOTIC COMPONENTS DEPEND ON EACH OTHER.WE BREATHE AIR THAT MEANS THERE IS AN INTERACTION BETWEEN US[LIVING] AND THE AIR [NON LIVING]

PLANTS MAKE PRODUCE THEIR FOOD USING SOLAR ENERGY.THAT MEANS THERE IS AN INTERACTION BETWEEN ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC COMPONENTS.

PLANT DURING PLANT DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHOTOSYNTHESIS

ECOLOGY ECOLOGY A BRANCH OF BIO-SCIENCES THAT

STUDIES THE INTERDEPENDENCE,INTERRELATIONSAND INTERACTIONS OD BIO-COMMUNITY WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT.

THE CHANGES OCCURING IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE LIVING WORLD ALSO FORM AN IMPORTANT OF THE SUBJECT MATTER OF ECOLOGY.

ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM A closely related group bio-community and

the surrounding environment. On which the life of the community depends together form an eco-system together form an eco-system.

All the natural regions wherein interactions takes place between abiotic and biotic components are callecd ec o

EG: ACQUATIC ECOSYSTEM,FOREST ECOSYSTEM,LAKE ECOSYSTEM,MEADOW ECOSYSTEM.

ACQUATIC,FOREST,LAKE., ACQUATIC,FOREST,LAKE., MEADOW ECOSYSTEMMEADOW ECOSYSTEM

AUTOTROPH AUTOTROPH HETEROTROPHHETEROTROPH

ABIOTIC COMPONENTS BIOTIC COMPONENTS A T SUNMO WATERSP CARBON-DI- OXIDEHE LAND/SOILRE

PRIMARY CONSUMERS

Producer Secondary

consumers

Tertiary consumers

Decomposer

◦THE BIOTIC COMPONENTS IN AN ECOSYSTEM IS CLASSIFIED AS PRODUCERS,CONSUMERS AND DECOMPOSERS. THE CONSUMERS ARE FURTHER DIVIDED INTO PRIMARY,SECONDARY AND TERTIARY CONSUMERS

FUNTION OF AN ECOSYSTEMFUNTION OF AN ECOSYSTEM

The sun is the main source of energyGreen plants produce food with the

help of solar energy trough the process of photosynthesis. Hence they

are called PRODUCERS. Plants utilize their own food and they

produce their own growth.The rest they store in the form of

energy plants are used by herbivorous animals as food.

GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMGRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM

PRIMARY CONSUMER..The plants are the producers whereas

the hair that uses only green plants as its food is called primary consumer…

SECONDARY CONSUMER…The hare becomes food for a snake

hence carnivores animals like snakes are called secondary consumers…

TERTIARY CONSUMERS…..The snake becomes food for an eagle

hence eagle is called tertiary consumer. Eagle is in highest consumer in the food chain……..

The energy in the form of food enters the body of carnivorous and omnivorous and is used for their physiological functions.

This is how the energy cycle work

Herbivorous become food of carnivorous and omnivorous like man.

Worms ,Fungi, Insect Etc Decomposer .The Remain Of Dead Animals And Plants.

Hence they convert organic matter into organic matter.

The matter get mixed in soil............

DECOMPOSERSDECOMPOSERS

ENERGY TRANSFER ENERGY TRANSFER WITH THE HELP OF SOLAR ENERGY;

PLANTS PRODUCE FOOD.FOOD IS ENERGY.THIS ENERGY GETS TRANSFERRED

TO PRIMARY, SECONDARYAND TERTIARY CONSUMERS TO DECOMPOSERS.THIS COMPLETESTHE ENERGY CYCLE.

THE SEQUENTIAL TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN THE FORM OF FOODIS CALLED FOOD CHAIN.

LEVELS OF FOOD TRANSFER ARE CALLED FOOD CHAIN.

FOOD WEB FOOD WEB A CONSUMER CAN OBTAIN HIS FOOD IN DIFFERENT WAYS.

AS A RESULT,MULTIPLE FOOD CHAINS COME INTO EXISTENCE IN AN ECOSYSTEM.

DIFFERENT FOOD CHAINS GET CONNECTED TO FOOD WEB.

SOIL FOOD WEB SOIL FOOD WEB

FOOD PYRAMIDFOOD PYRAMIDSOME OF THE ENERGY GETS LOST AT

EACH LEVEL. DUE TO THIS WHILE MOVING FROM PRODUCERS TO LOSS DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONSUMERS,THERE IS A DECREASE IN ENERGY.

IF ONE ATTEMTS DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THIS PROCESS THIS DIAGRAM APPEARS LIKE A PYRAMID.THIS IS CALLED FOOD CHAIN.

FOOD PYRAMIDFOOD PYRAMID

ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE BALANCE IF THE NUMBER OF BIOMASS AND

ORGANISM IS IN PROPER PROPORTION AT DIFFERENT TROPHIC LEVELS,THE ENVIRONMENT OF THAT REGION IS SAID TO BE BALANCED.

MAN HAS CLEARED THOUSAND HECTARES OF FOREST LANDS FOR HIS DEVELOPMENT AS A RESULT THE ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE IS SAID TO BE DISTURBED.

MAN IS INTELLIGENT THAN OTHER ORGANISM.THEREFORE IT IS HIS DUTY TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT

MAN CUTTING TREES MAN CUTTING TREES