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Transcript of malthusian persentation
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The Malthusian Theory
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Group Members:
Marissa Dalton
Nicola Namdeo
Sabina Savory
Khemchan Persaud
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Introduction
In 1798 Thomas R. Malthus, a British economistand demographer postulated a mathematicalmodel of population growth. In his theory of
Population he highlighted the potential dangersof overpopulation.
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Introduction
If the human population was allowed to increaseuncontrollably, then the number of people
would increase at a more rapid rate than the
food supply. Subsequently, the humanpopulation would reach a point where the foodsupply would be insufficient to support it.
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The Theory
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The Theory
Malthus's model is an example of a model withone variable (population) and one parameter(the population growth rate). Thus, theMalthusian model can be expressedmathematically as:
X(i+1) = (1+r)X(i)
Where: X(i) represents the population size duringtime period i and r denotes the population growthrate per unit of time.
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The Theory
For example, if a population of 100 individualsincreased to a population 135 individuals overthe course of, say, five years, therefore: X(i)=100r= 35% every 5 years.
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The Malthusian Population Trap
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The Malthusian Population Trap
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The Malthusian Population Trap
Aggregate Income
Total Population
IF
Aggregate income> total population= per capita income
AND IF
Aggregate income< total population= per capita income
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The Malthusian Population Trap
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Criticisms of the Model
The Malthusian population trap is basically
criticized on two (2) major grounds:
1. The model ignores the enormous impact oftechnological progress offsetting the growth-
inhibiting forces to rapid population increases.
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Criticisms of the Model
2. The second area of criticism is based on the
assumption that the national rates ofpopulation increase have a direct positiverelationship with the level of national per capitaincome.
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Criticisms of the Model
Summarized, Malthusian and Neo-Malthusiantheories were rejected on the following grounds:
1. The role and impact of technological progressis not adequately taken into account.
2. They are based on a hypothesis about a macrorelationship between population growth levels
and per capital income.3. The focus on the wrong variable, per capita
income, as the principal determinant ofpopulation growth rates.
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Conclusion
WHAT IS THE LINK BETWEEN THEMALTHUSIAN MODEL AND ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT?
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Thank you.