Making Great Communities Happen · In the 21st Century, disruption is going to ... • National...
Transcript of Making Great Communities Happen · In the 21st Century, disruption is going to ... • National...
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RESILIENCY, BEYOND
SUSTAINABILITY Merle H. Bishop, FAICP
Kimley-Horn and Assoc.
Lakeland, Florida
Dr. Rhonda Phillips, AICP
Arizona State University
Phoenix, Arizona
Dr. Clifford Bragdon, FASA
Florida Institute of Technology
Melbourne, Florida
Mary Anne G. Bowie, FAICP
Michael Baker Corp.
Sarasota, Florida
Making Great Communities Happen
2013 APA National Planning Conference - Chicago, IL
Session: S641
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What will determine success
in this century?
In the 21st Century, disruption is going to
become the normal in ways we can’t even predict.
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Resiliency Beyond Sustainability
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Planners, environmentalists and climate change
activists have spent years pushing to create a more
sustainable planet.
But what if the idea of
sustainability itself is no
longer enough in an
increasingly volatile world?
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World Economic Form’s Global Risk 2013 Report
Likely to Occur in the next 10 years:
• Rising greenhouse gas emissions.
• Persistent extreme weather.
• Failure of diplomatic conflict resolution & global
governance failure.
• Water supply crises.
• Food shortage crises.
• Prolonged infrastructure neglect.
• Cyber attacks.
• Extreme volatility in energy and agriculture
prices.
• Mismanagement of population aging.
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2013 Report Card
For America’s Infrastructure
Aviation D
Bridges C+
Dams D
Drinking Water D
Energy D+
Hazardous Waste D
Inland Waterways D-
Levees D-
Ports C
Public Parks & Rec. C-
Rail C+
Roads D
Schools D
Solid Waste B-
Transit D
Wastewater D
Overall Grade = D+
Estimated Investment needed by 2020 =
$ 3.6 Trillion
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Resilient Community thinking should shape how
planners think about updating antiquated
infrastructure in the face of unanticipated shocks.
WORLD
ENHANCED
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
(Social, physical and
economic)
Safe Secure
Healthy Sustainable
Global Resilient
Cities™
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4 3
2
1 2
3 4
RESILIENCE ™
GLOBAL RESILIENCY: FOUR ELEMENTS
• Village
• Town • City • Region
• State
• Country
• Continent
• World
2 2
4
1
3
FAT
CITIES
Nano-
Urbanism
Wheels to Watts Rails to Watts
Vertical Farming
Bio-Mass: Electricity, Gas, Petroleum
Advancing Sustainability
Shrinkable Vehicles
Algae.
Duckweed
Other
Advanced
Telematics • Surveillance
• Performance
• Maintenance
• Reporting
• Management
Walk to Watts
Kinetic Harvesting
TO
Global Protection Comparisons:
GREEN/LEED • Sustainable Building/Structure
Neighborhood ?
• Security
• Safety
• Health _______________
• Total Attributes: One
Resilience is a preferred method for protecting the total global habitat
RESILIENCE • Sustainable Building/Community
Biosphere
• Security • Safety • Health
_________________ Total Attributes: Four
U S Green Building Council Leadership Energy Environmental Design
Global Center for Preparedness & Resilience™ Global Resilient Cities™
Japan: Had The World’s Highest Rated Carbon Footprint*
* 70% of Carbon Footprint Attributable to Nuclear Power
Resiliency Analysis:
• Sustainable? No
• Secure? No
• Safe? No
• Healthy? No
Disaster Analysis
(Estimated):
• 100,000 killed
• 525,000 injured
• 350,000 relocated
Over 90,000 families
lost homes
• 135 mile
Exclusion Zone
• $350 billion
economic damage
• 4th Largest earth-
quake ever recorded
One-third of all power plants in Japan are nuclear. 51 of 54 nuclear reactors are
down. Movement to eliminate all nuclear power as an energy source in Japan.
But
Earthquake
&
Tsunami
PARTNERS:
• Businesses
• Government
• Non-Profits
• Academia
Global Center
for
Preparedness
and
Resilience™
Global Center for Preparedness and
Resilience ™
MS5 Solutions Global Center for Preparedness and Resilience™
Advanced SCADA
Supervisory Control &
Data Acquisition
NASA
Oil & Gas Refineries
Traffic Control
Systems
Pentagon
Nuclear Power Plants
Treatment Plants
Airports: ATC
Drones
DOD
CHINA - RUSSIA - NORTH KOREA - IRAN
United Kingdom: Department of
International Development • Cabinet Minister and Secretary of State
A Global Resilient Manifesto: International Development
Leader in Global Crisis Management Established in 1997
• Global Resilience Action Plan-GRAP (local to international) 2012-2015
• Collaboration with the public-private sectors and NGOs
• Disaster resilience for vulnerable communities
• Disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation
• National Resilience Capabilities Program (2013)
23 Integrated Work Teams Established for UK Including: 1. CBRN management
2. Humanitarian assistance
3. Infectious and animal disease control
4. Mass fatalities and casualties management
5. Evacuation and shelter
6. Resilient telecommunications
7. Infrastructure resilience
8. Interoperability
PLAN
RESPONSE
RECOVERY
RECONSTRUCTION
PREVENTION
B R I N G I N G I T A L L TO G E T H E R :
S U STA I N A B I L I T Y A N D R E S I L I E N C Y
G R A P H I C S O U R C E F O R L O C A L F I R S T , W W W . H T T P : / / W W W . V I T A L C O M M U N I T I E S . O R G / L O C A L F I R S T /
RESILIENCY IS…
Equity (social, political,
cultural)
Economic (access, capital,
investment)
Environment (ecological,
natural, physical)
the ability of communities to both recover and continue forward.
Sustainably is the foundations of resiliency. Resiliency should address the
social, environmental/physical and economic environment – the three major dimensions of “sustainability”
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL VOLATILITY DEMANDS
A DIFFERENT WAY OF THINKING
Volatility is of paramount importance to consider – whether human-made (economic or social) or natural
How a community plans for
and responds translates
into how quickly they
recover and move forward
RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGES
Several essential functions within community
economic and social resiliency include:
Access to Equity Capital and Credit
Building Human Resource Capacity
Capacity for Research, Planning and
Advocacy
Creating Partnerships internal and
external to community
Infrastructure to respond to challenges
Source: Adapted from The Community Resilience Manual,
The Community Resilience Project Team, Port Alberni, British
Columbia
BUILDING “SOCIAL” INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL
Capacity building is a community development process
Developing the ability to act
→
Social Capital is the ability to act
↔
Community development outcomes
Taking Action
Community Improvement
RESILIENCY…
is at the forefront of communities’ concerns as economic restructuring continues
Examples include:
Edinburgh, Scotland’s “Economic Resiliency Action Plan” Port Alberni, British Columbia, The Community Resilience Manual,
The Community Resilience Project Team Palm Beach County, Florida’s integration with comprehensive
/disaster/recovery planning Numerous communities throughout the U.S. with Local First
activities
Having alternatives can help recovery process when human or natural disaster strikes
Local food system production and security is one aspect of this equation that is vital – and a major part of the Local First movement.
White River Junction, Vermont formed the Local First Alliance for “pursing a thriving local economy, vibrant community organizations, and environmental stewardship.”
Graphic source: http://www.vitalcommunities.org/localfirst/vision.cfm
Bay Localize “Building equitable and resilient communities” See: www.baylocalize.org/node/503/done?sid=933
Community Resilience Toolkit 2.0 1.Tools to Inform
2. Tools to Assess Resilience Climate Risk and Job Opportunity Assessment
Assess local impacts of climate change and how your community can
prepare
Identify jobs and business opportunities climate resilience can create
Designed for job seekers, businesses, community groups, and municipal
planners
Local Resilience Assessment
Assess the resilience of local systems
Identify priority areas for improvement
Designed for community groups and municipal planners
Roots of Equity and Resilience
Find examples of resilience from your community's past
Identify roots of local inequities and how to address them
Designed for community groups and municipal planners
Bay Localize “Building equitable and resilient communities” See: www.baylocalize.org/node/503/done?sid=933
Community Resilience Toolkit 2.0 3. Tools to Create a Plan
Agree on strategic goals and strategies
Build community support to make them happen
Designed for community groups and municipal planners
Graphic and info source :
http://www.baylocalize.org/node/503/done?sid=933
RESOURCES FOR RESILIENCY
Transition Towns, www.transitionus.org
Local First, Business Alliance for Local Living Economies, http://bealocalist.org/
Rand Corporation, Podcasts on Resilient Communities
www.rand.org/multimedia/podcasts/resilient-communities.html
APA Resources –
Shrinking Cities Working Group and Annotated Bibliography:
www.planning.org/resources/ontheradar/dynamic/shrinkingbibliography.htm
Post-Disaster Annotated Bibliography:
http://www.planning.org/research/postdisaster/bibliography.htm
Creating Value …
… Delivering Solutions
Creating Value …
Resilient Community Planning
Every Planner’s New Job
Resiliency, Beyond Sustainability American Planning Association Chicago, Illinois April 16, 2013
Presidential Policy Directive PPD-8
National Preparedness March 30, 2011
Aimed at strengthening the security and resilience of the United States
Systematic preparation for the threats that pose the greatest risk to the security of the Nation including acts of terrorism, cyber attacks, pandemics, and catastrophic natural disasters aimed at facilitating an integrated, all-of-Nation, capabilities-based approach to preparedness.
Lions and Tigers and Bears…Oh No!
Salmonella, access to swimming pools,
Oh No!
Does the CDC have anything to do with iguanas?
Thousands or hundreds of thousands of Pythons estimated now in South Florida and…
We are still studying them… 7 years after Hurricane Andrew and the snake escape from the Pet stores that started the invasion…
Presidential Policy Directive PPD-8
National Preparedness March 30, 2011
The term “protection” refers to those capabilities necessary to secure the homeland against acts of terrorism and manmade or natural disasters. Protection capabilities include, but are not limited to, defense against WMD threats; defense of agriculture and food; critical infrastructure protection; protection of key leadership and events; border security; maritime security; transportation security; immigration security; and cyber security.
Healthy Food Access and Food Security
http://www.urbanfoodlink.com/?page_id=431
Presidential Policy Directive PPD-8
National Preparedness March 30, 2011
The term “mitigation”… capabilities necessary to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters.
Mitigation capabilities include, but are not limited to, community wide risk reduction projects; efforts to improve the resilience of critical infrastructure and key resource lifelines; risk reduction for specific vulnerabilities from natural hazards or acts of terrorism; and initiatives to reduce future risks after a disaster has occurred.
The Sky is Falling, The Sky is Falling…..
No But…
Your Infrastructure is Failing !!
http://www.hillsboroughcounty.org/index
Post Disaster Redevelopment Plan
http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=7130
Resilient Community
Resilient Community : Vibrant community supported by roots of resiliency that are healthy, safe, secure and mindful of social, environmental and economic considerations
delivers planning services to support communities in becoming ever
more resilient,
sustainable and strong.