Magnetic Hysteresis and Ferromagnetic Materials

8/10/2019 Magnetic Hysteresis and Ferromagnetic Materials

1/67565 08/01

Symbol Meaning Unit

AAeALAL1AminANARB

B B B B_B RB SC 0CDF DF d E af f cutofff maxf minf rf Cug H

H H_H ch h/ i 2

I I_I

J

k k 3k 3cL

Cross section of coilEffective magnetic cross sectionInductance factor; AL = L/N 2

Minimum inductance at defined high saturation ( a )Minimum core cross sectionWinding cross sectionResistance factor; AR = R Cu /N 2

RMS value of magnetic flux density

Flux density deviationPeak value of magnetic flux densityPeak value of flux density deviationDC magnetic flux densityRemanent flux densitySaturation magnetizationWinding capacitanceCore distortion factorRelative disaccommodation coefficient DF = d / iDisaccommodation coefficientActivation energyFrequencyCut-off frequencyUpper frequency limitLower frequency limitResonance frequencyCopper filling factorAir gapRMS value of magnetic field strength

Peak value of magnetic field strengthDC field strengthCoercive field strengthHysteresis coefficient of materialRelative hysteresis coefficientRMS value of currentDirect currentPeak value of currentPolarization

Boltzmann constantThird harmonic distortionCircuit third harmonic distortionInductance

mm 2

mm 2

nHnHmm 2

mm 2

= 10 6 Vs/m 2, mT

Vs/m2, mTVs/m 2, mT

Vs/m 2, mTVs/m 2, mTVs/m 2, mTVs/m 2, mTF = As/Vmm 4,5

Js 1, Hzs 1, Hzs 1, Hzs 1, Hzs 1, Hz

mmA/m

A/mA/mA/m10 6 cm/A10 6 cm/AAAAVs/m 2

J/K

H = Vs/A

Symbols and terms

Symbols and TermsFerrite and Accessories


2/67566 08/01

Symbol Meaning Unit

L/LL0LHLpLrevLsl el N

N P CuP transP VPF Q R R CuR hR hR iR pR sR thR Vs T T T C

t t vtan tan Ltan rtan etan htan / iU

V eZ Z n

Relative inductance changeInductance of coil without coreMain inductanceParallel inductanceReversible inductanceSeries inductanceEffective magnetic path lengthAverage length of turn

Number of turnsCopper (winding) lossesTransferrable powerRelative core lossesPerformance factorQuality factor ( Q = L / R s = 1/tan L)ResistanceCopper (winding) resistance ( f = 0)Hysteresis loss resistance of a coreR h changeInternal resistanceParallel loss resistance of a coreSeries loss resistance of a coreThermal resistanceEffective loss resistance of a coreTotal air gapTemperatureTemperature differenceCurie temperature

TimePulse duty factorLoss factorLoss factor of coil(Residual) loss factor at H 0Relative loss factorHysteresis loss factorRelative loss factor of material at H 0RMS value of voltage

Peak value of voltageEffective magnetic volumeComplex impedanceNormalized impedance | Z |n = | Z | /N 2 (l e / Ae )

HHHHHHmmmm

WWmW/g

K/Wmm CK C

s

V

Vmm 3

/mm



3/67567 08/01

The commas used in numerical values denote decimal points.

All dimensions are given in mm.

Surface-mount device

Symbol Meaning Unit

F er B i

s0 a app e i p p r rev s s tot

l/ACu

Temperature coefficient ( TK )Relative temperature coefficient of materialTemperature coefficient of effective permeabilityRelative dielectric constantMagnetic fluxEfficiency of a transformerHysteresis material constantHysteresis core constant

Magnetostriction at saturation magnetizationRelative complex permeabilityMagnetic field constantRelative amplitude permeabilityRelative apparent permeabilityRelative effective permeabilityRelative initial permeabilityRelative real (inductive) component of Relative imaginary (loss) component of Relative permeabilityRelative reversible permeabilityRelative real (inductive) component of Relative imaginary (loss) component of Relative total permeabilityderived from the static magnetization curveResistivityMagnetic form factorDC time constant Cu = L / R Cu = AL / ARAngular frequency; = 2 f

1/K1/K1/K

Vs

mT -1

A 1H 1/2

Vs/Am

m 1

mm 1

ss 1

for series components

for parallel components



4/67568 08/01

Ordering code structure

1 RM, P, TT/PR, EP, ER9,5, ER11 cores

(Example here RM 4)

2 E, ELP, ER, ETD, EC, EFD, EV cores

These cores are supplied as single units; each packing unit contains only cores either with or with-out shortened center leg (gap dimension g ). The typical value given in the tables for the AL valueapplies to a core set consisting of one core with a shortened center leg and one core without ashortened center leg (dimension g approx. 0). E cores with a toleranced AL value are availableon request. We then prefer a symmetrical air gap distribution.

Ordering example (here ETD 29)

B66358 G 1000

Part number

See tableCode letters ofE cores

See tableCode letters ofE cores

Short designation for the SIFERRIT material(27 N27, 67 N67 etc.)

X 1 27

Code letter for AL tolerance (see table)

B65803 N 160 A 48

Part number

Code letter forrevision status

and version

AL value in nHGiven only for gappedcores.Not specified forungapped cores(e.g. B65803-J-R30)

Short designation for the SIFERRIT material(48 N48, 1 K1, 33 M33 etc.)

Letter giving AL value toleranceA 3 %

B 4 %C 6 %D 8 %E 7 %G 2 %H 12 %J 5 %

K 10 %

L 15 %M 20 %R + 30/ 20 %U + 80/ 0 %Y + 40/ 30 %X Filling letter



5/67569 08/01

Versions (code letters) of RM cores

Versions (code letters) of P cores

Type with center hole(withoutthreaded sleeve)

with center hole(withthreaded sleeve)

withoutcenter hole

low-profileversion

RM 4 A N J P

RM 5 C N J P

RM 6 C N J P

RM 7 A N J P

RM 8 D F J P

RM 10 D N J PRM 12 E P

RM 14 E P

Type with center hole(without threaded sleeve)

with center hole(with threaded sleeve)

without center hole

P 3,3 2,6 CP 4,6 4,1 B

P 5,8 3,3 D

P 7 4 A

P 9 5 D T W

P 11 7 D T W

P 14 8 D T W

P 18 11 D T W

P 22 13 D T WP 26 16 D T W

P 30 19 D T W

P 36 22 D T W

P 41 25 J

Versions (code letters) of RM, P and E cores



6/67570 08/01

Versions (code letters) of E cores

Code letter Pairing Code number Tolerance

G E - E Air gap dimensions in mNot specified f. ungappedcores

Air gap toleranced

U E - E AL value in nH AL value, asymmetric air gap

A E - E AL value in nH AL value, symmetric air gap

W E - I (ELP cores) AL value in nH AL value

P I core (plate f. ELP cores)

E customized set

F mirror polished



7/67


8/67108 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

Polarization J

General relationship between B and H :

In a vacuum, r = 1; in ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials the relation B (H ) becomes nonlinear

and the slope of the hysteresis loop r

1.1.2 Basic parameters of the hysteresis loop

1.2.1 Initial magnetization curve

The initial magnetization curve describes the relationship B = r 0 H for the first magnetization fol-lowing a complete demagnetization. By joining the end points of all sub-loops , from H = 0 toH = H max , (as shown in Figure 1), we obtain the so-called commutation curve (also termed normalor mean magnetization curve), which, for magnetically soft ferrite materials, coincides with the initialmagnetization curve.

1.2.2 Saturation magnetization B SThe saturation magnetization B S is defined as the maximum flux density attainable in a material (i.e.for a very high field strength) at a given temperature; above this value B S , it is not possible to furtherincrease B (H ) by further increasing H .

Technically, B S is defined as the flux density at a field strength of H = 1200 A/m. As is confirmed inthe actual magnetization curves in the chapter on Materials, the B (H ) characteristic above1200 A/m remains roughly constant (applies to all ferrites with high initial permeability, i.e. where 100).

1.2.3 Remanent flux density B R(H)

The remanent flux density (residual magnetization density) is a measure of the degree of residualmagnetization in the ferrite after traversing a hysteresis loop. If the magnetic field H is subsequentlyreduced to zero, the ferrite still has a material-specific flux density B R 0 (see Fig. 1: intersectionwith the ordinate H = 0).

1.2.4 Coercive field strength H CThe flux density B can be reduced to zero again by applying a specific opposing field H C (seeFig. 1: intersection with the abscissa B = 0).

The demagnetized state can be restored at any time by:

a) traversing the hysteresis loop at a high frequency and simultaneously reducing the fieldstrength H to H = 0.

b) by exceeding the Curie temperature T C.

J B 0 H = 0 H J B J

B 0 r H ( ) H = 0 magnetic field constant =

0 1,257 10 6=

Vs Am---------

r relative permeability =


9/67109 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

2 Permeability

Different relative permeabilities are defined on the basis of the hysteresis loop for the various elec-tromagnetic applications.

2.1 Initial permeability i

The initial permeability i defines the relative permeability at very low excitation levels andconstitutes the most important means of comparison for soft magnetic materials. According toIEC 60401, i is defined using closed magnetic circuits (e.g. a closed ring-shaped cylindrical coil)for f 10 kHz, B < 0,25 mT, T = 25 C.2.2 Effective permeability eMost core shapes in use today do not have closed magnetic paths (Only ring, double E or double-aperture cores have closed magnetic circuits.), rather the circuit consists of regions where i 1(ferrite material) and i = 1 (air gap). Fig. 3 shows the shape of the hysteresis loop of a circuit of thistype.

In practice, an effective permeability e is defined for cores with air gaps.

It should be noted, for example, that the loss factor tan and the temperature coefficient for gappedcores reduce in the ratio e / i compared to ungapped cores.

i10------ B

H --------= H 0( )

e1

0------ L

N 2------- l

A----=

l A---- form factor = L = inductance

N = number of turns

Fig. 3Comparison of hysteresis loops for a core with and without an air gap

without air gap with air gap


10/67110 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

The following approximation applies for an air gap s l e :

s = width of air gapl e = effective magnetic path length

For more precise calculation methods, see for example E.C. Snelling, Soft ferrites, 2nd edition.

2.3 Apparent permeability app

The definition of app is particularly important for specification of the permeability for coils with tu-bular, cylindrical and threaded cores, since an unambiguous relationship between initial permeabil-ity i and effective permeability e is not possible on account of the high leakage inductances. Thedesign of the winding and the spatial correlation between coil and core have a considerable influ-ence on app . A precise specification of app requires a precise specification of the measuring coilarrangement.

2.4 Complex permeability

To enable a better comparison of ferrite materials and their frequency characteristics at very lowfield strengths (in order to take into consideration the phase displacement between voltage andcurrent), it is useful to introduce as a complex operator, i.e. a complex permeability , accordingto the following relationship:

= s j . s where, in terms of a series equivalent circuit, (see Fig. 5)s is the relative real (inductance) component of and is the relative imaginary (loss) component of .

Using the complex permeability , the (complex) impedance of the coil can be calculated:Z = j L0where L0 represents the inductance of a core of permeability r = 1, but with unchanged fluxdistribution.(cf. also section 4.1: information on tan )

e i

1 s l e---- i +

-----------------------=

app LL0------ inductance with core inductance without core ---------------------------------------------------------------

= =


11/67


12/67112 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

2.6 Amplitude permeability a , AL1 value

= peak value of flux density= peak value of field strength

For frequencies well below cut-off frequency, a is not frequency-dependent but there is a strongdependence on temperature. The amplitude permeability is an important definition quantity for pow-er ferrites. It is defined for specific core types by means of an AL1 value for f 10 kHz, B = 320 mT(or 200 mT), T = 100 C.

3 Magnetic core shape characteristics

Permeabilities and also other magnetic parameters are generally defined as material-specific quan-tities. For a particular core shape, however, the magnetic data are influenced to a significant extentby the geometry. Thus, the inductance of a slim-line ring core coil is defined as:

Due to their geometry, soft magnetic ferrite cores in the field of such a coil change the flux param-eters in such a way that it is necessary to specify a series of effective core shape parameters ineach data sheet. The following are defined:

l e effective magnetic lengthAe effective magnetic cross sectionAmin min. magnetic cross section of the core

(required to calculate the max. flux density)V e = Ae l e effective magnetic volume

With the aid of these parameters, the calculation for ferrite cores with complicated shapes can bereduced to the considerably more simple problem of an imaginary ring core with the same magneticproperties. The basis for this is provided by the methods of calculation according to IEC 60205,IEC 60205A and IEC 60205B, which allow the following factors l/A and AL to be calculated:

aB

0 H ----------

= (Permeability at high excitation)

B H

AL10 a

l A----

----------------=

L r 0 N 2 A

l ----=


13/67


14/67114 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

4 Definition quantities in the small-signal range

4.1 Loss factor tan

Losses in the small-signal range are specified by the loss factor tan .

Based on the impedance Z (cf. also section 2.4), the loss factor of the core in conjunction with thecomplex permeability is defined as

where R s and R p denote the series and parallel resistanceand Ls and Lp the series and parallel inductance respectively.

From the relationships between series and parallel circuits we obtain:

4.2 Relative loss factor tan / i

In gapped cores the material loss factor tan is reduced by the factor e / i. This results in the rel-ative loss factor tan e (cf. also section 2.2):

The table of material properties lists the relative loss factor tan / i. This is determined in accor-dance with IEC 60401 at f = 10 kHz, B = 0,25 mT, T = 25 C.

stan s s --------

R s Ls----------= = p tan

p p ---------

LpR p

--------------= =and

Ls R s

R p

Lp

Fig. 5Lossless series inductance Ls with loss resis-tance R s resulting from the core losses.

Fig. 6Lossless parallel inductance Lp with loss re-sistance R p resulting from the core losses.

'p 's 1 tan ( )2+( )=

''p ''s 11

tan ------------- 2

+

=

etan tan

i------------ e=


15/67115 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

4.3 Quality factor Q

The ratio of reactance to total resistance of an induction coil is known as the quality factor Q.

The total quality factor Q is the reciprocal of the total loss factor tan of the coil; it is dependent onthe frequency, inductance, temperature, winding wire and permeability of the core.

4.4 Hysteresis loss resistance R h and hysteresis material constant BIn transformers, in particular, the user cannot always be content with very low saturation. The user

requires details of the losses which occur at higher saturation, e.g. where the hysteresis loop beginsto open.

Since this hysteresis loss resistance R h can rise sharply in different flux density ranges and at dif-ferent frequencies, it is measured in accordance with IEC 60401 for i values greater than 500 atB 1 = 1,5 and B 2 = 3 mT ( B = 1,5 mT), a frequency of 10 kHz and a temperature of 25 C (fori < 500: f = 100 kHz). The hysteresis loss factor tan h can then be calculated from this.

For the hysteresis material constant B we obtain:

The hysteresis material constant, B, characterizes the material-specific hysteresis losses and is aquantity independent of the air gap in a magnetic circuit.

The hysteresis loss factor of an inductor can be reduced, at a constant flux density, by means of an(additional) air gap

For further details on the measurement techniques see IEC 60367-1.

5 Definition quantities in the high-excitation range

While in the small-signal range ( H H c), i.e. in filter and broadband applications, the hysteresis loopis generally traversed only in lancet form (Fig. 2), for power applications the hysteresis loop is drivenpartly into saturation. The defining quantities are thenrev reversible permeability in the case of superimposition with a DC signal

(operating point for power transformers)a amplitude permeability andP V core losses.

Q LR L------- reactance

total resistance ----------------------------------------= =

tan hR h

L----------- B 2( )tan B 1( )tan = =

Bhtan

e B ------------------

=

htan B B e=


16/67116 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

5.1 Core losses P VThe losses of a ferrite core or core set P V is proportional to the area of the hysteresis loop in ques-tion. It can be divided into three components:

Owing to the high specific resistance of ferrite materials, the eddy current losses in the frequencyrange common today (1 kHz - 2 MHz) may be practically disregarded except in the case of coreshapes having a large cross-sectional area.

The power loss P V is a function of the temperature T , the frequency f , the flux density B and is ofcourse dependent on ferrite material and core shape.

The temperature dependence can generally be approximated by means of a third-order polynomial,while

applies for the frequency dependence and

for the flux density dependence. The coefficients x and y are dependent on core shape and mate-rial, and there is a mutual dependence between the coefficients of the definition quantity (e.g. T )and the relevant parameter set (e.g. f , B ).

In the case of cores which are suitable for power applications, the total core losses P V are givenexplicitly for a specific frequency f , flux density B and temperature T in the relevant data sheets.

When determining the total power loss for an inductive component, the winding losses must also betaken into consideration in addition to the core-specific losses.

where, in addition to insulation conditions in the given frequency range, skin effect and proximityeffect must also be taken into consideration for the winding.

5.2 Performance factor ( PF = f B max )

The performance factor is a measure of the maximum power which a ferrite can transmit, wherebyit is generally assumed that the loss does not exceed 300 kW/m 3. Heat dissipation values of thisorder are usually assumed when designing small and medium-sized transformers. Increasing theperformance factor will either enable an increase of the power that can be transformed by a core ofidentical design, or a reduction in component size if the transformed power is not increased.

If the performance factors of different power transformer materials are plotted as a function of fre-quency, only slight differences are observed at low frequencies (< 300 kHz), but these differencesbecome more pronounced with increasing frequency. This diagram can be used to determine the

optimum material for a given frequency range (for diagram see page 46).

P V P V, hysteresis P V, eddycurrent P V, residual + +=

P V f ( ) f 1 x +( ) 0 x 1

P V B ( ) B 2 y +( ) 0 y 1

P V tot P V core P V winding +=


17/67


18/67118 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

6.6 Relationship between the change in inductance and the permeability factor

The relative change in inductance between two temperature points can be calculated as follows:

6.7 Temperature dependence of saturation magnetization

The saturation magnetization B S drops monotonically with temperature and at T C has fallen toB S = 0 mT. The drop for B S (25C) and B S (100C), i.e. the main area of application for the ferrites,can be taken from the table of material properties.

6.8 Temperature dependence of saturation-dependent permeability(amplitude permeability)

It can be seen from the a (B ) curves for the different materials that a exhibits a more pronouncedmaximum with increasing temperature and drops off sooner on account of decreasing saturation.

7 DisaccommodationFerrimagnetic states of equilibrium can be influenced by mechanical, thermal or magnetic changes(shocks). Generally, an increase in permeability occurs when a greater mobility of individual mag-netic domains is attained through the external application of energy. This state is not temporally sta-ble and returns logarithmically with time to the original state.

7.1 Disaccommodation coefficient d

where i1 = permeability at time t 1i2 = permeability at time t 2 and t 2 > t 1

7.2 Disaccommodation factor DF

Accordingly, a change in inductance can be calculated with the aid of DF :

L2 L1

L1------------------

i---- T 2 T 1( ) e =

L2 L1

L1------------------

i2 i1

i2 i1--------------------- e=

d i1 i2

i1 lgt 2 lgt 1( )-----------------------------------------=

DF d i1-------=

L1 L2

L1------------------ DF e t 2t 1

----log =


19/67119 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

8 General mechanical, thermal, electrical and magnetic properties of ferrites

Typical figures for the mechanical and thermal properties of ferrites

8.1 Mechanical properties

Ferrite cores have to meet mechanical requirements during assembling and for a growing numberof applications. Since ferrites are ceramic materials one has to be aware of the special behaviorunder mechanical load.

As valid for any ceramic material, ferrite cores are brittle and sensitive to any shock, fast changingor tensile load. Especially high cooling rates under ultrasonic cleaning and high static or cyclic loads

can cause cracks or failure of the ferrite cores.

Tensile strength approx. 30 MPa/mm 2

Compressive strength approx. 800 MPa/mm 2

Vickers hardness HV 15 approx. 600 MPa/mm 2

Modulus of elasticity approx. 150000 N/mm 2

Fracture toughness K 1c approx. 0,8 ... 1,1 MPam 1/2

Thermal conductivity approx. 4 ... 710 -3 J/mmsKCoefficient of linear expansion approx. 7 ... 10 10 -6 1/KSpecific heat approx. 0,7 J/gK

P r o b a b i l i t y

o f f a

i l u

r e

30Fracture strength

FAL0665-Q

5

10

50

63,2

90

99,99

5 _

_ 4

_ 3

_ 2

_ 1

1

0

2

60 90 120 150MPa

%

T38 N87

nl nl

1 F _

F

Fig. 7Weibull plot of fracture strength values of the materials T38 and N87


20/67


21/67121 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

where io is the initial permeability of the unstressed material, it can be shown that the higher the

stresses are in the core, the lower is the value for the initial permeability. Embedding the ferritecores (e.g. in plastic) can induce these stresses. A permeability reduction of up to 50% and morecan be observed, depending on the material. In this case, the embedding medium should have thegreatest possible elasticity.

8.3 Magnetostriction

Linear magnetostriction is defined as the relative change in length of a magnetic core under the in-fluence of a magnetic field. The greatest relative variation in length = l/l occurs at saturation mag-netization. The values of the saturation magnetostriction ( s ) of our ferrite materials are given in thefollowing table (negative values denote contraction).

Magnetostrictive effects are of significance principally when a coil is operated in the frequencyrange < 20 kHz and then undesired audible frequency effects (distortion etc.) occur.

8.4 Resistance to radiation

SIFERRIT materials can be exposed to the following radiation without significant variation(L / L 1% for ungapped cores):

gamma quanta: 10 9 rad

quick neutrons 210 20 neutrons/m 2

thermal neutrons 210 22 neutrons/m 2

8.5 Resistivity , dielectric constant

At room temperature, ferrites have a resistivity in the range 1 m to 10 5 m; this value is usuallyhigher at the grain boundaries than in the grain interior. The temperature dependence of the coreresistivity corresponds to that of a semiconductor:

E a Activation energy (0,1 ... 0,5 eV)k Boltzmann constantT Absolute temperature [K]

Thus the resistivity at 100 C is one order of magnitude less than at 25 C, which is significant, par-ticularly in power applications, for the magnitude of the eddy-current losses.

Similarly, the resistivity decreases with increasing frequency.

SIFFERITmaterial

K 12 K 1 N 48

s in 10 6 21 18 1,5

e

E ak T -----------


22/67


23/67123 08/01

GeneralDefinitions

9 Coil characteristics

Resistance factor A RThe resistance factor AR, or AR value, is the DC resistance R Cu per unit turn, analogous to the ALvalue.

When the AR value and number of turns N are given, the DC resistance can be calculated fromR CU = AR N 2.

From the winding data etc. the AR value can be calculated as follows:

where = resistivity (for copper: 17,2 mm), I N = average length of turn in mm, AN = cross sec-tion of winding in mm 2, f Cu = copper space factor. If these units are used in the equation, the ARvalue is obtained in = 10 -6 . For calculation of I N and AN the middle dimensions are used.

For coil formers, AR values are given in addition to A N and l N. They are based on a copper fillingfactor of f Cu = 0,5. This permits the AR value to be calculated for any filling factor f Cu :

For rough estimation a copper filling factor of f Cu = 0,5 is sufficient. Else is given in the filling factorout of DIN 46435.

ARR Cu

N 2 ----------=

AR I N

f Cu AN-------------------=

AR f Cu

( ) AR 0 5 ,( )0,5

f Cu--------=


24/67


25/67152 08/01

Processing Notes

2 Processing notes for the manufacture of wound products for small-signal and

power applications

2.1 Winding design

For the most common core types the maximum number of turns for the individual coil formers canbe seen from the following nomograms. The curves have been derived from the equation

whereN = max. number of turns

A N = winding cross section in mm 2A wire = wire cross section in mm 2f CU = copper space factor versus wire diameter

(f CU approx. 0,55 for wire diameter 0,05)

Common wires and litz wires are specified in the pertinent standards (IEC 60317-11; IEC 60182-1,IEC 60182-2).

As can be seen from Fig. 19, as high a winding level as possible should be employed because atlow e values in particular a low winding level ( h / H ratio) can cause an A L drop of up to 10% com-pared to the maximum value with full winding. (By our standards, the A L values are always relatedto fully wound 100-turn coils.)

N A N

A wire------------- f Cu=

Fig. 19Percentage change in A L value versus relative winding height h/H


26/67153 08/01

Processing Notes

RM coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers

FAL0686-D

110

N

Outer diameter of insulated wire

0102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mm765432

102

103

104

510

5

5

5

5

AWG1) 44 42 40 38 36 1834 32 30 28 26 24 22 20

RM14 1 section (B65888)

(B65816)1 sectionRM12

RM10 (B65814)

RM8 (B65812)

RM7 (B65820)

RM6 (B65808)

(B65806)RM5RM4 (B65804)

_ 10 2

_ 10 1

size (approx.)

American Wire Gauge (AWG)1)

1+2 sections

1+2 sections

1 section

1+2 sections

1+2 sections1+2 sections

RM8 LP 1 section (B65812)RM7 LP 1 section (B65820)

1 section2 sections

1) American Wire Gauge (AWG)


27/67154 08/01

Processing Notes

PM coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers

1)


AWG 1) size (approx.)



28/67155 08/01

Processing Notes

P coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers

FAL0687-L

10 -2110

N

-110 0102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mm765432

102

103

104

510

5

5

5

5

44 42 40 38 36 1834 32 30 28 26 24 22 20

(B65612)P36 x 22

P41 x 25 (B65622)

P30 x 19 (B65702)

P26 x 16 (B65672)

(B65662)P22 x 13

P18 x 11 (B65652)

(B65542)P14 x 8

P11 x 7 (B65532)

(B65522)P9 x 5

P7 x 4 (B65512)

P4,6 x 4,1 (B65496)

1 section2 sections

1)size (approx.)AWG

1 section

1 section

1+2 sections

1 section

1+2 sections

1+2 sections

1+2 sections

1 section

1+2 sections

1 section

1 section




29/67156 08/01

Processing Notes

EP coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers

FAL0688-U

10 -2110

N

-110 0102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mm765432

102

103

104

510

5

5

5

5

44 42 40 38 36 1834 32 30 28 26 24 22 20

(B65846)1+2 sectionsEP17

(B65848)EP20

1 section2 sections

1) size (approx.)AWG


1 section

EP13 (B65844)1+2 sectionsEP10 (B65842)1+2 sections

EP7 (B65840)1+2 sections



30/67157 08/01

Processing Notes

EFD coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers


AWG 1) size (approx.)

FAL0427-1



31/67


32/67159 08/01

Processing Notes

E coresMaximum number of turns N for coil formers

FAL0690-6

10 -2110

N

-110 0102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mm765432

102

103

104

510

5

5

5

5

44 42 40 38 36 1834 32 30 28 26 24 22 20

(B66206)1+2 sections

(B66202)E13/4

E20/10/6

E16/5 (B66308)

E25/7 (B66208)(B66232)E30/7

(B66230)E36/11 (B66390)

32/9E

(B66242)42/15E(B66243)42/20E(B66252)55/21E

1 section2 sections

1) size (approx.)AWG


1 section1 section

1 section

1 section

1 section1 section

1 section1 section

1 + 2 sections



33/67


34/67161 08/01

Processing Notes

2.2 Soldering/Inductor assembly

The winding wires are preferably connected to the pins by dip soldering. Note the following whensoldering:

Prior to every dip soldering process the oxide film must be removed from the surface of the solder bath. 2 to 3 turns of the wire are dipped into the solder bath; the coil former must not be allowed to

come too close to the solder or remain there for too long (see diagram). Typical values are: Bath temperature: 400C, soldering time: 1 s.

For inductor assembly, it is advisable to clamp the cores with the associated relevant mountingassemblies for the coil formers and cores. In this way it is possible to avoid the effects of externalmechanical stress.

2.3 Design and processing information for SMD components2.3.1 Automatic placement

EPCOS ferrite accessories are suitable for automatic placement. Many automatic placementmachines pick up the components with suction probes and pliers, so the inductive componentsshould have simple and clear contours as well as a sufficiently large and flat surface. Ferrite coreswith a perpendicular magnetic axis, e.g. RM and ER cores, have a smooth surface and the flangefor the coil former is styled right for the purpose. For cores with a horizontal magnetic axis, e.g. Ecores and toroids, we provide cover caps to meet these requirements.

2.3.2 Coplanarity

Coplanarity means the maximum spacing between a terminal and a plane surface. If inductive com-ponents are fabricated with coplanarity of < 0,2 mm for example, then one or more terminals maybe spaced maximally 0,2 mm from a plane surface.Inductive components are fabricated to standard with coplanarity of < 0,2 mm. Coplanarity is influ-enced by a number of factors:

a) Coil former specificationThe coplanarity of the coil former is < 0,1 mm for manufacturing reasons.

b) Winding wireUse of thick winding wire (e.g. 0,25 mm diameter in model ER 11) leads to considerable mechan-ical strain on the terminal during winding, and this can degrade coplanarity.

c) Soldering temperature and durationWhen winding wire is soldered to a terminal, the coil former is subjected to high thermal stress.If thick wires have to be soldered, the soldering temperature and/or duration increase and thusthe thermal stress on the coil former too. This also degrades coplanarity.

Tin solder

FAL0115-T

0 , 5

Soldering of PTH (pin through hole) Soldering of J-leg Soldering of U-leg

FAL0680-Y

Solder bath

Leg 45

Solder bath

FAL0681-7

9 0

Leg


35/67


36/67


37/67164 08/01

Processing Notes

2.6 Holding jigs

The core assembly is cured under pressure in a centering jig. The core center hole where present is used for centering, and two to eight coils can be held in one jig with a pressure spring. Spacerswill ensure that the pressure is only exerted on the side walls of the core.

Single jigs facilitate the coil inductance measurement, which has proved useful for checking coreswith small air gaps before the adhesive has hardened. Small inductance corrections can be madeby slightly turning the core halves relative to each other.

2.7 Final adjustment

(possible only with adjustable cores)

With all assembled ferrite cores, a magnetic activation takes place as a result of mounting influenc-es such as clamping, gluing and soldering, i.e. a disaccommodation process commences. There-fore the final adjustment for high-precision inductors should take place no earlier than one day afterassembly; preferably, one week should first elapse.

2.8 Hole arrangement

For drilling the through-holes into the PC board we recommend the dimensions given in the holearrangement for each coil former, which depend on the distance of the pins on the pin outlet level.

2.9 Creepage and clearance

For telecom transformers the clearance and creepage distances and the thickness of insulationmust be considered acc. EN 60 950 subclause 2.9.


38/67


39/67166 08/01

Packing

1 General information

Our product packaging modes ensure maximum protection against damage during transportation.Moreover, our packing materials are selected with environmental considerations in mind. They aremarked with the appropriate recycling symbols.

Because of the large variety of types and sizes, we use five basic kinds of packing, which are de-scribed in points 2 and 3 below:

blister tapetraycontainerreelmagazine

The packing units are based on the following system:

1.1 Packing unit (PU)

Usually, a packing unit is a collection of a number of basic packages. The size of the packing unitis stated for the particular components in their data sheets. When ordering, please state completepacking units if possible. We reserve the right to round the ordered quantity accordingly.

1.2 Dispatch unit

A number of packing units are combined to form a dispatch unit. Standard dispatch units for largequantities are a Europallet or pallet carton. For small quantities, folding corrugated cardboard boxes

are used in standard sizes. In the case of small quantities a dispatch unit may also include packageswith other components.

1.3 Bar-code standard label

On the product packing label (standard label) we include bar-code information in addition to plaintext. In addition to benefits relating to the internal flow of goods, this provides above all a more rapidand error-free means of identification checking for the customer.


40/67167 08/01

Packing

Examples of barcode labels with production ID (1P), lot number (1T), date code (10D), production

number (30P) and quantity (Q)Example for core label

Example for accessories label

Example of a customer-specific barcode label

FAL0685-5

FAL0684-W

FAL0698-2


41/67


42/67169 08/01

Packing

2.2.3 Board for coil formers with pins

For coil formers with pins, a polystyrene board is generally used. The coil formers are inserted inthe board with the pins downwards. A number of stacked boards (packing unit) are enclosed in a

jacket of cardboard, or packed in a folding box, and in some cases are shrink-wrapped in plastic.

2.3 Container

2.3.1 Bag

Small ferrite parts are packed in flat polyethylene bags. The number per bag depends on the volumeof the parts. Generally four bags in a corrugated cardboard box form a packing unit.

Small accessories (clamps, mounting assemblies, and also pinless and SMD coil formers) are also

packed in this way. The size of the bag depends on the volume of the parts (packing unit).

2.3.2 Box

Coated ring cores of medium size are packed in cardboard boxes with cardboard or polyethylenefoam inlays. The number per box depends on the volume of the cores.

Accessories (large mounting assemblies, coil formers, clamps, washers etc.) are packed in boxesof cardboard or corrugated cardboard.

3 Delivery modes for automatic processing

3.1 General information on inductor productionThe inductor parts described in the following can be handled by automatic manufacturing systems.In addition to automatic winding machines - which can be combined with wrapping, fluxing and sol-dering stations - flexible, high-performance automatic assembly lines are available. Design andpacking of the individual parts (ferrite cores, coil formers, clamps, insulating washers and adjustingscrews) have been optimized for automatic processing and permit easy feeding to the various sta-tions of production lines.

We supply RM cores up to RM10 (P and EP cores on request) blister-taped in dispenser boxes. Byinserting a plate-shaped resilient insulating washer between core and coil former, gluing can be dis-pensed with.

We also provide consulting services with examples of implementations to customers planning to in-troduce automatic production lines.


43/67170 08/01

Packing

Production sequence

3.2 Cores in blister tape (strips)

The cores are packed in sets ready for assembly, i.e. a stamped core with the base upwards andan unstamped core (possibly with a threaded sleeve) with the pole face upwards. The blister tapeshave a hole at one end for orientation purposes (see also illustration). The tapes are sealed with apaper cover. Looking at a tape with the hole on the left and the paper cover on top, then after re-moving the paper cover the stamped cores will be in the upper row and the unstamped cores of thesets in the lower row.

Several blister tapes are combined in a box with a perforated tear-off cover (dispenser pack) to forma packing unit. The tapes are packed so that the orientation hole appears in the dispenser opening.The box is shrink-wrapped in polyethylene film.

3.3 Cores in blister tape (reeled)

E 5 and E 6,3 cores can also be supplied taped and reeled as per IEC 60286-3, optionally in con-ductive or non-conductive tapes. The cores are oriented for automatic feeding. The tapes aresealed with a transparent cover tape and wound on 330-mm polystyrol reels. Each reel is identifiedwith a bar code label and a release label.

Clamps Reel

MagazineCoil former

Insulating film

Ferrite cores

Coilwinding Coil

Wire

Solder

Component

Blisterdispenser

Assembly ofwound ferritecomponent

Reel

Reel

Magazine

Insulating washer

Insulating washer

Adjusting screw

Other components

Placement ofcomponents on

circuit board

PC board


44/67171 08/01

Packing

The following table lists the core types which are available in blister tape:

For ordering codes refer to the individual data sheets.Dimensions are nominal; tolerances given in design drawings.

Type Dimensionsof blister tapel b d mm

Spacing

mm

Spacingupper/ lower rowmm

Dimensions ofdispenser packl b h mm

Sets/ tape

Tapes/ box

Sets/ box

Approx.netweightg

RM cores

RM 4RM 4 LP

RM 5

RM 6R 6

RM 7

RM 8

RM 10RM 10 LP

340 60 6,6340 60 5,0

340 60 8,0

340

60

8,0340 60 8,0

295 82 9,4

295 82 11,8

295 82 11,8295 82 9,4

17,017,0

17,0

17,017,0

29,5

29,5

29,529,5

27,527,5

27,5

27,527,5

38,5

38,5

38,538,5

349 63 203349 63 203

349 63 203

349

63

203349 63 203

301 85 240

301 85 240

301 85 240301 85 240

2020

20

2020

10

10

1010

3040

25

2525

25

20

2025

600800

500

500500

400

200

200250

1000

1550

25502550

1925

2600

4600

EP cores (on request)

EP 7EP 10

EP 13EP 17EP 20

340 60 5,0340 60 8,0

340 60 8,0295 82 11,8295 82 11,8

17,017,0

17,029,529,5

27,527,5

27,538,538,5

349 63 203349 63 203

349 63 203301 85 240301 85 240

2020

201010

4025

252020

800500

500200200

12601375

255022205640

P cores (on request)

P 9 5P 11 7P 14 8P 18 11P 22 13

340 60 4,0340 60 4,0295 82 5,9295 82 9,4295 82 9,4

17,017,029,529,529,5

27,527,538,538,538,5

349 63 203349 63 203301 85 240301 85 240301 85 240

2020101010

5050402525

10001000

400250250

8001700128015003250

E cores (on request) Pieces/reel Pieces/box

E 5E 6,3E 8,8

27000 12 2,727000 12 2,733000 16 3,0

4,04,04,0

4,08,0

10,0

370 340 100370 340 100370 340 100

650034002100

325001700010500


45/67172 08/01

Packing

3.4 Blister tapes

The blister compartments always comprise the following function spaces: a free space for the grip-per claws, the recess in which the core rests and the padding.

The free space enables the cores to be removed by mechanical grippers. On the reverse side ofthe blister, these free spaces lead to a regular grid arrangement with a spacing of 6,2 mm and 3,1mm. The blisters should be guided and stopped at these intervals. A hanging arrangement is to bepreferred, because this avoids problems arising in case the blister height or padding thickness var-ies.

The core recess centers the core in the blister compartment.

The padding serves as protection during transport and as spacing to achieve correct filling of thedispenser pack. The shape and position of the padding may vary, depending on the productionmethod used. All padding dimensions given must therefore be considered to be subject to changeat any time.

heightCore

(paper)Cover tape

areasAdhesive

Core width

Pad-

C o r e

l e n g

t h

1/2 spacing

Orientation hole

C

o r e s p a c

i n g

Spacing 3)

compartmentsUpper row of

compartmentsLower row of

1) Depends on core height2) Thickness incl. cover tape3) For RM3: 2 sets per spacing

ding 1)

PaddingCore recessFree space for gripper claws


46/67173 08/01

Packing

3.5 Dispenser pack

To open a blister tape manually, peel back the paper cover tape smoothly but not too quickly, alongthe axis of the tape as shown in the following illustration.

When opening a blister tape automatically, it is advisable not to completely remove the paper cover.Rather, the cover paper should be divided up by means of 4 longitudinal cuts so that the matingsurfaces remain on the blister (cf. blister tape illustration). The paper strips produced above the tworows of compartments can then be easily lifted. This avoids malfunctions resulting from fluctuationsin the adhesive properties of the paper sealing tape.

FAL0696-K

b *

l *

h *

h *l *

*Outer dimensions

Type label

Type label


47/67174 08/01

Packing

3.6 Skin packing

Skin packing is a new and very compact packing method.

Several cores are placed on a cardboard pallet and sealed in GLTE film by heat shrinking. The var-ious pallets are then stacked in a cardboard box.

Advantages

Environmentally friendly solution with easy-to-recycle materials

Suitable for all cores larger than E30

Good protection of mating surface

Film can be peeled back very easily

Code numbers printed on cores can be read through transparent film

Cores for which skin packing is used:

E 47, ELP 43, I 43; special types on request.

FAL0677-E

Cardboard

Cardboard

box

cover

FAL0697-T

Cores

pallet

GLTE film

Cardboard


48/67

Planar cores forpower applicationsIntegrating ferrite cores into the PCB hasbecome common in the power supplymarket. In those low-profile designs fer-rite planar cores with low losses andhigh saturation arewidespread. The trendsare increasing thepower density of thethroughput transformerand the current in theoutput inductor. Ferritecores are considered akey component forthese targets. EPCOS has extended therange of planar ferrite cores to meet thenew requirements.Besides the standard ELP core series,

EPCOS now offers extended series of planar cores with round center posts:

ER 9.5 to ER 32 and EQ 13 to EQ 30. This wide range of shapes improves thedesign capabilities for individual powerconverter solutions.

Customer-specific heightscan be supplied as well asdifferent air gap require-ments for all series.

All EPCOS planar cores areavailable in the well-knownEPCOS power materials.Preferred materials are N97

and N92. N97 is optimized for lowlosses, N92 for high saturation currentsin the output chokes. N87 is suitable forstandard requirements. For frequencies

higher than 400 kHz, we recommendN49.

AdvantagesELP cores: Standardized to IEC 61860

ER cores: Optimized winding area Small overall footprint

(core and winding) Less EMI Minimized winding length

EQ cores: Optimized cross section Small overall footprint

(core and winding) Less EMI Minimized winding length

Planar core sets Material (code number) Ordering code

A L values (nH)

Piece 1 Piece 2 N92 (92) N97 (97) Piece 1 or set Piece 2

ELP I ELP I

ELP14/3.5/5 I14/1.5/5 900 25% 1300 25% B66281G0000X1** B66281P0000X1**

ELP18/4/10 I18/2/10 2300 25% 3000 25% B66453G0000X1** B66453P0000X1**

ELP22/6/16 I22/2.5/16 4000 25% 5250 25% B66455G0000X1** B66455P0000X1**

ELP32/6/20 I32/3/20 4800 25% 6300 25% B66457G0000X1** B66457P0000X1**

ER ER or I ER ER or I

ER9.5/2.5/5 ER9.5/2.5/5 660 +30/20% 840 +30/20% B65523J0000R0** (sets)

ER11/2.5/6 ER11/2.5/6 900 +30/20% 1200 +30/20% B65525J0000R0** (sets)

ER14.5/3/7 ER14.5/3/7 1100 +30/20% 1500 +30/20% B65513J0000R0** (sets)

ER18/3/10 ER18/3/10 1800 25% 2300 25% B66480G0000X1** B66480G0000X1**

ER23/5/13 I23/2/13 2600 25% 3400 25% B66482G0000X1** B66482P0000X1**

ER24/5/8.5 ER24/5/8.5 1800 25% 2400 25% B66352G0000X1** B66352G0000X1**

ER25/6/15 I25/3/15 3400 25% 4600 25% B66484G0000X1** B66484P0000X1**

ER26/6/8 ER26/6/8 1900 25% 2600 25% B66508G0000X1** B66508G0000X1**

ER32/5/21 ER32/5/21 3800 25% 5000 25% B66501G0000X1** B66501G0000X1**

EQ I EQ IEQ13/3 I13/1 1550 25% 1750 25% B66479G0000X1** B66479P0000X1**

EQ20/6 I20/2 3400 25% 4400 25% B66483G0000X1** B66483P0000X1**

EQ25/6 I25/2 4450 25% 5750 25% B66481G0000X1** B66481P0000X1**

EQ30/8 I30/3 4600 25% 6000 25% B66506G0000X1** B66506P0000X1**


49/67


50/67

s

Dimensions Planar core sets

ELP, ER, EQ I cores Type

(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Piece 1 Piece 2

d h c l b c h ELP I

3.00 0.05 3.50 0.10 2.00 0.10 14.00 0.30 5.00 0.10 0.2 max 1.50 0.10 ELP14/3.5/5 I14/1.5/5

4.00 0.10 4.00 0.10 2.00 0.10 18.00 0.35 10.00 0.20 0.2 max 2.00 0.10 ELP18/4/10 I18/2/10

5.00 0.10 5.70 0.10 3.20 0.10 21.80 0.40 15.80 0.30 0.2 max 2.50 0.10 ELP22/6/16 I22/2.5/16

6.35 0.15 6.35 0.15 3.20 0.15 31.75 0.65 20.35 0.40 0.3 max 3.15 0.15 ELP32/6/20 I32/3/20

d 2 l1 l2 a c l1 l2 ER ER or I

3.50 0.20 2.50 0.10 1.60 +0.15 ER9.5/2.5/5 ER9.5/2.5/5

4.25 0.20 2.50 0.10 1.50 +0.15 ER11/2.5/6 ER11/2.5/6

4.70 0.10 2.95 0.05 1.65 0.10 ER14.5/3/7 ER14.5/3/7

6.20 0.15 3.15 0.10 1.60 0.10 ER18/3/10 ER18/3/10

8.00 0.20 5.10 0.10 3.10 0.10 23.20 0.45 12.50 0.25 2.10 0.10 0.2 max ER23/5/13 I23/2/13

6.61 0.25 5.00 0.10 3.00 0.10 ER24/5/8.5 ER24/5/8.5

9.40 0.20 5.50 +0.10 3.10 +0.10 25.00 0.50 14.80 0.30 2.50 0.10 0.2 max ER25/6/15 I25/3/15

7.50 0.15 5.90 0.20 3.00 0.10 ER26/6/8 ER26/6/8

11.20 0.20 5.10 0.10 2.70 0.10 ER32/5/21 ER32/5/21

d2

l1

l2 a c h EQ I

5.0 0.15 2.85 0.075 1.75 0.15 12.80 0.30 8.7 0.25 1.10 0.10 EQ13/3 I13/1

8.8 0.15 6.30 0.1 4.10 0.15 20.00 0.35 14.0 0.30 2.30 0.05 EQ20/6 I20/2

11.0 0.20 5.60 0.05 3.20 0.15 25.00 0.40 18.0 0.30 2.30 0.05 EQ25/6 I25/2

11.0 0.20 8.00 0.15 5.30 0.20 30.00 0.40 20.0 0.30 2.70 0.10 EQ30/8 I30/3

FEK0437-G

a

c

1d

d 2

1 2

FEK0438-P

c

h

a

EQ cores I cores

FEK0434-R

1

2

a

c

I cores

EPCOS AG


51/67

Large Toroidswith initial permeability i of 10 000

Due to improvements in the production processEPCOS was able to set new limits in the performanceof T38 material for large toroids.

Features

i = 10 000 at 10 kHz up to R38.1Improved frequency characteristicImproved normalized impedanceCurie temperature T c >130 CSuitable for the design of high-qualitycommon-mode chokes

0

FUS0133-C

'

kHz

2000

4000

6000

8000

12000

10 10 31021

FUS0134-K

30

35 /mm

Z

Permeability vs. frequency measured on R29, T38


52/67

Large Toroidswith initial permeability i of 10 000

The inductance factor A L needs to be increased toobtain the improved permeability. The table gives asurvey of the new A L values.

Core type Ordering code A L [nH]Tolerance 30%

R17.0/10.7/6.8 B64290L0652X038 6280

R18.4/5.90/5.90 B64290L0697X038 13.400

R20.0/10.0/7.00 B64290L0632X038 9740

R22.1/13.7/6.35 B64290L0638X038 6070

R22.1/13.7/7.90 B64290L0719X038 7570

R22.1/13.7/12.5 B64290L0651X038 12.000

R22.6/14.7/9.20 B64290L0626X038 7900

R25.3/14.8/10.0 B64290L0618X038 10.700

R25.3/14.8/20.0 B64290L0616X038 21.300

R29.5/19.0/14.9 B64290L0647X038 13.100

R30.5/20.0/12.5 B64290L0657X038 10.600

R34.0/20.5/10.0 B64290L0058X038 10.100

R34.0/20.5/12.5 B64290L0048X038 12.700

R36.0/23.0/12.5 B64290L0674X038 13.500R38.1/19.05/12.7 B64290L0668X038 17.600


53/67


54/67465 08/01

SMD coil former with gullwing terminals

Material: GFR liquid crystal polymer (UL 94 V-0, insulation class to IEC 60085:F max. operating temperature 155 C), color code black

Solderability: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Ta, method 1 (aging 3): 350 C, 1 sResistance to soldering heat: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Tb, method 1B: 350 C, 3,5 s

permissible soldering temperature for wire-wrap connection on coil former: 400 C, 1 sWinding: see Processing Notes , page 160

Yoke

Material: Stainless spring steel (0,1 mm)

Coil former Yoke

Sections ANmm 2

l Nmm

AR value

Terminals Ordering code

1 3,23 18,4 196 8 B65527-B1008-T1

Yoke B65527-A2000

FEK0412-V

_5,1+0,2

0 , 3

11,68,2

4,5

0 , 4

0,3_0,3

0,2_

0 , 4

0 , 2

3 , 1

5_

2

1 , 8

6 0

6

2

3 x

=

_

8 , 2

0 , 3

1 , 2

2

1,35

12,2

3 x

2 = 6

PCB layoutRecommended

0 , 6

0 , 2

_

1 , 2

7,25 0,3_

3,7+0,15

FEK0413-4

1 ,4

5 , 5

2 , 6

4,6

9,8

A

B 0 , 6 2

4 , 5

Section A-B

B65527AccessoriesER 9,5/5


55/67466 08/01

In accordance with IEC 61860

For transformers featuring high inductanceand low overall heightER11/5 cores are supplied in sets

Magnetic characteristics (per set)

l/A = 1,1 mm 1l e = 14,1 mmAe = 12,4 mm 2V e = 174 mm 3

Approx. weight 0,85 g/set

Ungapped

Gapped

Material AL valuenH

e Ordering code

T38 6400 + 40/ 30 % 5600 B65525-J-Y38

N49 800 + 30/ 20 % 715 B65525-J-R49

N87 1200 + 30/ 20 % 1050 B65525-J-R87

Material AL value

nH

s approx.mm

e Ordering code

N87 160 3 % 0,08 140 B65525-J160-A87

B65525CoreER 11/5


56/67467 08/01

SMD coil former with gullwing terminals

Material: GFR liquid crystal polymer (UL 94 V-0, insulation class to IEC 60085:F max. operating temperature 155 C), color code black

Solderability: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Ta, method 1 (aging 3): 350 C, 1 sResistance to soldering heat: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Tb, method 1B: 350 C, 3,5 s

permissible soldering temperature for wire-wrap connection on coil former: 400 C, 1 sWinding: see Processing Notes , page 160

Yoke

Material: Stainless spring steel (0,15 mm)

Sections ANmm 2

l Nmm

AR value

Terminals Ordering code

1 3,3 21,6 225 10 B65526-B1010-T1

Yoke B65526-A2000

8,6

0 , 3

4,3+0,1

2

4 x

2 = 8

1

2

3

4

5 6

7

8

9

10

1,5

2

1 , 2

4 x

2 = 8

Empfehlung fr dasLeiterplattenlayout

1 , 7

Markierungfr Stift 1

0 , 8

BA

7,4

0,1 5,2 _

6,2_9,3 0,2

_

0 , 4

0 , 0

5

2 , 9

0 , 1

_

0 , 5

5

0 , 1

_

_

1 , 3

0 , 1

_

4 , 7

0 , 1

1 0

, 5

0 , 2

_

0 , 7

0 , 0

5

_

7 , 7

0 , 3

8 , 5

5_

0 , 1

0,312,3 _

RecommendedPCB layout

Marking of pin 1

Coil former Yoke

FEK0414-C

5,70,1

Section A-B

11,2

5 , 1

+ 0

, 2

1 ,4 0 ,1

2,5

5

B

A2 , 5

0 , 1

FEK0285-N

8,64,3+0,1

2

4 x

2

= 8

1

2

3

4

5 6

7

8

9

10

13,21,5

2

1 , 2

4 x

2 = 8

Empfehlung fr dasLeiterplattenlayout

1 , 7

fr Stift 1

0 , 8

BA

7,4

1 0

, 5

0 , 2

_

0 , 7

0 , 0

5

_

7 , 7

0 , 3

8 , 5

5_

0 , 1

0,312,3 _

RecommendedPCB layout

Marking of pin 1

B65526AccessoriesER 11/5


57/67


58/67


59/67

Ferrites Core TypeER23/5/13 with I23/2/13 B66482

Preliminary data

EPCOS AG 2003. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this data sheet, enclosures hereto and the information contained

therein without EPCOS' prior express consent is prohibited.Purchase orders are subject to the General Conditions for the Supply of Products and Services of the Electrical and Electronics Industryrecommended by the ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers' Association), unless otherwise agreed.

FER PD 09.03.2003

Page 1 of 1

Magnetic characteristics Dimensional drawing(per set E&I)

l/A = 0.531 mm -1 le = 26.6 mm

Ae = 50.2 mm2

Amin = 50 mm 2 Ve = 1340 mm 3

Approx. weight 6.4 g/set

I core ER core

Type of delivery : PiecesPacking: Standard styrofoam tray (size 200 mm x 300 mm

Material A L value [nH] 1) e Air gap[mm]

AL1min[nH] 2)

P Vmax [W/Set] 3)

Ordering code

N87 3400 +/-25% 1430 - 3000 0.70 3) B66482G0000X187 (ER core)

B66482P0000X187 (I core)

N97 3400 +/-25% 1430 - 3000 0.56 3) B66482G0000X197 (ER core)

B66482P0000X197 (I core)

N92 2600 +/-25% 1100 - 3600 0.77 3) B66482G0000X192 (ER core)

B66482P0000X192 (I core)

N49 2600 +/-25% 1100 - 1400 0.21 4) B66482G0000X149 (ER core)

B66482P0000X149 (I core)1) Measurement parameter: f = 10kHz / B = 0.25mT / 100 turns / room temperature

2) Measurement parameter: f 10kHz / B = 320mT / T = 100C3) Measurement parameter: f = 100kHz / B = 200mT / T = 100C4) Measurement parameter: f = 500kHz / B = 50mT / T = 100C

FEK0426-1-E

80,2

17,5 min.

20,20,4

23,20,45

1 2

, 5 0

, 2 5

R 0,8 (12x)

3 , 1

0

, 1

5 , 1

0

, 1Air gap

2 , 1

0

, 1

0 , 2

m a x .


60/67

Ferrites Core TypeER25/6/15 with I25/3/15 B66484

Preliminary data

EPCOS AG 2003. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this data sheet, enclosures hereto and the information contained

therein without EPCOS' prior express consent is prohibited.Purchase orders are subject to the General Conditions for the Supply of Products and Services of the Electrical and Electronics Industryrecommended by the ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers' Association), unless otherwise agreed.

FER PD 09.03.2003

Page 1 of 1

Magnetic characteristics Dimensional drawing(per set)

l/A = 0.400 mm -1 le = 28.1 mm

Ae = 70.4 mm2

Amin = 69.4 mm 2 Ve = 1980 mm 3

Approx. weight 11.5 g/set

I core ER core

Type of delivery : Pieces

Packing: Standard styrofoam tray (size 200 mm x 300 mm)

Material A L value [nH] 1) e Air gap[mm]

AL1min[nH] 2)

P Vmax [W/Set] 3)

Ordering code

N87 4600 +/-25% 1460 - 3900 1.05 3) B66484G0000X187 (ER core)B66484P0000X187 (I core)




1) Measurement parameter: f = 10kHz / B = 0.25mT / 100 turns / room temperature

2) Measurement parameter: f 10kHz / B = 320mT / T = 100C3) Measurement parameter: f = 100kHz / B = 200mT / T = 100C

FEK0425-S-E

9,40,2

18,3 min.

21,70,4

250,5

1 4

, 8 0

, 3

R 0,8 (12x)

3 , 1

0

, 1

5 , 5

0

, 1Air gap

2 , 5

0

, 1

0 , 2

m a x .


61/67469 08/01

Round center leg particularly suitable

for use of thick winding wires or tapesFor compact winding design withlow leakage inductanceER cores are supplied as single units


l/A = 0,88 mm 1l e = 75,0 mmA e = 85,4 mm 2A min = 77,0 mm 2V

e = 6 400 mm3

Approx. weight 32 g/set

Ungapped

Material A L valuenH

e A L1minnH

P VW/set

Ordering code

N72 2700 + 30/

20 % 1890 1780 < 0,80(200 mT, 25 kHz, 100 C) B66433-G-X172

FEK0318-4

9,90,25

28,550,55

1 2

, 6

0 , 3

1 6

, 9

0 , 2

21,750,5

1 1 , 4

0 , 2

5

1 +

0 , 2

1 +

0 , 2

B66433CoreER 28/17/11


62/67470 08/01




l/A = 0,81 mm 1l e = 89,6 mmAe = 111 mm 2Amin = 101 mm 2

V e = 9 930 mm3


Ungapped

Gapped

The AL value in the table applies to a core set comprising one ungapped core (dimension g = 0) andone gapped core (dimension g > 0).

Calculation factors (for formulas, see E cores: general information , page 382)

Validity range: K1, K2 : 0,10 mm < s < 2,50 mmK3 , K4 : 90 nH < AL < 600 nH

Material AL valuenH

e AL1minnH

P VW/set

Ordering code

N27 2500 + 30/ 20 % 1610 1930 < 1,95(200 mT, 25 kHz, 100 C)

B66350-G-X127

Material g

mm

AL valueapprox.nH

e Ordering code

N27 0,50 0,05 275 177 B66350-G500-X1271,00 0,05 170 109 B66350-G1000-X127

1,50 0,05 125 80 B66350-G1500-X127

Material Relationship betweenair gap AL value

Calculation of saturation current

K1 (25 C) K2 (25 C) K3 (25 C) K4 (25 C) K3 (100 C) K4 (100 C)

N27 169 0,706 275 0,847 256 0,865

B66350CoreER 35/20/11


63/67471 08/01




l/A = 0,58 mm 1l e = 99 mmAe = 170 mm 2Amin = 170 mm 2

V e = 16 800 mm3


Ungapped

Gapped

The AL value in the table applies to a core set comprising one ungapped core (dimension g = 0) andone gapped core (dimension g > 0).



Material AL valuenH

e AL1minnH

P VW/set

Ordering code

N27 3200 + 30/ 20 % 1480 2700 < 3,10(200 mT, 25 kHz, 100 C)

B66347-G-X127

N87 3700 + 30/ 20 % 1710 2700 < 9,00(200 mT, 100 kHz, 100 C)

B66347-G-X187

Material g mm

AL value approx.nH

e Ordering code

N27 1,00 0,05 257 119 B66347-G1000-X127



K1 (25 C) K2 (25 C) K3 (25 C) K4 (25 C) K3 (100 C) K4 (100 C)

N27 257 0,741 415 0,847 387 0,865

N87 257 0,741 401 0,796 377 0,873

B66347CoreER 42/22/15


64/67472 08/01

Coil former

Material: GFR polyterephthalate (UL 94 V-0, insulation class to IEC 60085:F max. operating temperature 155 C), color code black

Solderability: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Ta, method 1 (aging 3): 235 C, 2 sResistance to soldering heat: to IEC 60068-2-20, test Tb, method 1B: 350 C, 3,5 sWinding: see Processing Notes , page 158

Coil former Ordering code

Sections ANmm 2

l Nmm

AR value

Pins

1 222 70,8 18,6 18 B66348-A1018-T1

FEK0156-4

15,2+0,1

4

1 5

, 2 +

0 , 2

0 , 5

3 2

, 2_

1

2

17

18

0,3 17,4 _0,3 29,1_

45,50,3

1 5

, 6 +

0 , 1

0 , 6

6 , 2

_

26,5

32,2 max.

1 , 5

1 , 5

0 , 3

3 0

, 6_

1

8 x 5 = 40

2 7

, 5

2 , 5

1 , 6

+ 0

, 1 5

0 , 6

_

5 2

, 4

B66348AccessoriesER 42/22/15


65/67


66/67474 08/01




l/A = 0,49 mm 1l e = 118 mmAe = 243 mm 2Amin = 225 mm 2

V e = 28 700 mm3


Ungapped



Material AL valuenH

e AL1minnH

P VW/set

Ordering code

N27 3500 + 30/ 20 % 1350 3240 < 5,38(200 mT, 25 kHz, 100 C)

B66391-G-X127



K1 (25 C) K2 (25 C) K3 (25 C) K4 (25 C) K3 (100 C) K4 (100 C)

N27 342

0,750 578

0,847 540

0,865

B66391CoreER 49/27/17


67/67

Magnetic Hysteresis and Ferromagnetic Materials

Documents

Transcript of Magnetic Hysteresis and Ferromagnetic Materials