Macromolecules Water Properties Energy & Metabolism.
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Transcript of Macromolecules Water Properties Energy & Metabolism.
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Macromolecules
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Water Properties
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Energy & Metabolism
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Evolution
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Ecology
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The Basics
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Macro-Molecules
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Water Properties
Energy &Metabolism Evolution Ecology
The Basics
Double Jeopardy!
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Macromolecules
$100
What carbohydrate molecule has the lowest molecular
weight?
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Macromolecules
Back
What is glucose
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Mealworms have an exoskeleton
containing what polysaccharide?
Macromolecules
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What is chitin
Macromolecules
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What are monomers in cellulose linked by?
Macromolecules
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What are glycosidic linkages
Macromolecules
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Explain the primary structure of a protein.
Macromolecules
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What are amino acid sequences
Macromolecules
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What is the difference between saturated
and unsaturated fats; which ones are better
for you?
Macromolecules
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What is saturated = “soaked” with hydrogen & solid at room temperature. RAISE LDL
Unsaturated = not every bond has hydrogen, the bond holding carbon together is a double bond – liquid at
room temperature. Unsaturated better for health.
Macromolecules
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The water property
allowing water to fill slightly
above the brim without
spilling
Water Properties
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What is surface tension
Water Properties
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What are some negative effects of acid precipitation?
Water Properties
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What is the washing away of nutrients, the enzymes in microbes
in soils can be denatured, harm aquatic animals
Water Properties
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What are the effects of adding acids to a
solution?
Water Properties
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What is the increase of hydrogen
concentration and lowering the pH
Water Properties
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How would the hydrogen ion concentration
changed from a pH of 3 to 6?
Water Properties
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What is a decrease by 1000x.
Water Properties
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Partial charges in water are an effect of…?
Water Properties
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What is the unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen
and oxygen molecules
Water Properties
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What form of energy is the most abundant in
a cell?
Energy and Metabolism
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What is chemical energy
Energy and Metabolism
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What is an “induced” fit of an enzyme?
Energy and Metabolism
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What is when an enzyme changes its shape a bit after a
substrate binds to it
Energy and Metabolism
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What is energy coupling?
Energy and Metabolism
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What is reaction sequence in which energy from an energy-releasing process
is used to drive an energy requiring process
Energy and Metabolism
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This reaction releases energy when proceeding in
the forward direction
Energy and Metabolism
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What is an exergonic or spontaneous Reaction
Energy and Metabolism
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How can pH affect enzyme activity?
Energy and Metabolism
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What are the pHs not in the optimal range can
disrupt hydrogen bonding- which can
change the shape of the active site
Energy and Metabolism
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In a sandy white rock environment, which species do you expect the environment to naturally select? Polka dot, brown, black, peach,
or white bug?
Evolution
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What is the white bug
Evolution
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An archeologist is searching for remnants of a brontosaurus; what layers of rocks would he
search in?
Evolution
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What are sedimentary rocks
Evolution
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Differences in Lamark’s and Darwin’s theory
of evolution
Evolution
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What is Lamark believing in the theory of use and disuse and the principle of inheritance of acquire
characteristics.
Evolution
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The smallest biological unit that can evolve
over time
Evolution
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What is a population
Evolution
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EvolutionAt a locus with a dominant and
a recessive allele, 36% of the individuals are homozygous
for the dominant allele. What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the
population?
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Evolution
What is .4.
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Phenomenon explaining why young geese follow mother
Ecology
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What is imprinting
Ecology
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Explains ritualized contests between males determining
which gains access to a resource
Ecology
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What is agonistic behavior
Ecology
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Dispersion type that is most effective for
hunting
Ecology
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What is clumpeddispersion
Ecology
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Snake exhibiting bright colors to ward off
predators
Ecology
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What is aposematic coloration
Ecology
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A fire kills off 75% of the population in an area,
while a cheetah kills 10% of gazelle in an area. The fire is density ____ & the cheetah is density ____.
Ecology
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What is independent and dependent
Ecology
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What are the four most abundant elements
on Earth?
The Basics
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What is Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen and
Carbon
The Basics
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An element has 7 protons, 6 neutrons,
and 7 electrons. What is it’s atomic number
& atomic mass?
The Basics
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What is atomic Number = 7
atomic Mass = 13
The Basics
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When is an atom considered stable?
The Basics
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What is when the atom has 8 electrons in its
outermost shell
The Basics
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Identify these bonds:1 – Bound together by the
attraction of oppositely charged ions
2 – Bound together by shared electrons
The Basics
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What is an ionic bond and a covalent bond
The Basics
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Key differences between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes
The Basics
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What is a lack of membrane bound organelles and
nuclear membrane and binary fission as the means
of reproduction in prokaryotes
The Basics
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DoubleJeopardy!!!
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Cell Communication
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Genetics
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Plants
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Reproduction
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Animal Development
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Animal Diversity
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Cell Communication
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Genetics Plants Repro-duction
AnimalDevelop-
ment
Animal Diversity
Final Jeopardy!
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When sodium rushes into the neuron and
potassium rushes out
Cell Communication
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What is depolarization
Cell Communication
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____ binds to the same receptors as the
neurotransmitter acetycholine which is released by the ____
neuron that binds to ____ gated channels in the muscle
cell
Cell Communication
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What is Nicotine, motor, and ligand
Cell Communication
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Channels that perforate plant cell walls and
keep them from being isolated from each
other
Cell Communication
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What is plasmodesmata
Cell Communication
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Second messenger that is produced in response to an
external signal – like a hormone
Cell Communication
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What is cAMP
Cell Communication
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The activation of receptor tyrosine kinases is distinguished by …
Cell Communication
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What is dimerization and phosphorylation
Cell Communication
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HIV is different from most other viruses because is uses…
Genetics
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What is reverse transcriptase to make
DNA from RNA
Genetics
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Viruses infecting bacteria
Genetics
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What are bacteriaphages
Genetics
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The virus cycle that eventually kills the host cell by taking over the
cell’s machinery
Genetics
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What is the lytic cycle
Genetics
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After analyzing a karotype, one finds an
extra copy of chromosome 21 – this
individual has
Genetics
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What is down syndrome
Genetics
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Mechanisms that allow for genetic diversity
Genetics
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What s crossing over, independent
assortment, and random fertilization
Genetics
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Plants derived from ______, also known as
green algae
Plants
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What are charophyceans
Plants
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An adaption allowing plants to move on land, preventing
exposed zygotes from drying out
Plants
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What is sporopollenin
Plants
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Best area to observe cell growth in a plant
Plants
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What is the apical meristems
Plants
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Some adaptive advantages plants
have for water retention
Plants
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What is a waxy cuticle, closing of stomata (or fewer), and reduced surface area or leaf
size
Plants
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Key differences distinguishing seedless
vascular plants and bryophytes
Plants
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What are sporophyte dominance, presence of sylem and phloem and the evolution of true
roots and leaves as well as flagellated sperm
Plants
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_____ results in a second polar body and an ovum, while ______ results in 4
sperm cells
Reproduction
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What is oogenesis and spermatogogenesis
Reproduction
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1 week after fertilization, cleavage
has produced an embryonic stage
called ______
Reproduction
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What is the blastocyst, a sphere of cells
containing a cavity
Reproduction
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The three stages of labor
Reproduction
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What is the opening up and thinning of the cervix, expulsion or
delivery of the baby and delivery of the placenta
Reproduction
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Process allowing haploid adults to arise without meiosis & can
produce eggs
Reproduction
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What is parthogenesis
Reproduction
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Explain the path of sperm in the male ducts
Reproduction
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What are the seminiferous tubule,
epididymis, vas deferens and then
urethra
Reproduction
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The two kinds of potency and their
differences
Animal Development
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What is totipotent & pluripotent - meaning the
cell can develop into all the cell types found in the
adult and can only develop into one of the three germ
layers (respectively)
Animal Development
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Future dorsal side of an amphibian
Animal Development
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What is the gray crescent
Animal Development
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Enzyme released to break down jelly coat
Animal Development
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What is acrosome from the sperm head
Animal Development
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In Spenman’s experiment, the blastomere who
received less than half of the gray crescent
resulted in this
Animal Development
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What is the rise of an abnormal embryo
without dorsal structures – or just a
belly piece
Animal Development
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Explain gastrulation
Animal Development
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What is a dramatic rearrangement of the cells f the blastula to form a three layered embryo with a primitive gut. It begins at the
vegetal pole – invagination begins and archenteron forms
which will become the anus – the blastopore.
Animal Development
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Three differences between protostome and deuterostome
development
Animal Diversity
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What is difference in cleavage, coelom formation and the
fate of the blastopore
Animal Diversity
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Purpose of cephalization in
humans
Animal Diversity
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What is to fit our lifestyle and to coordinate the
nervous system to enable complex
movements
Animal Diversity
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The three germ layers
Animal Diversity
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What is the ectoderm, mesoderm and
endotherm
Animal Diversity
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List some of the functions of a body cavity
Animal Diversity
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What is cushioning suspended organs, helping prevent internal injury and also
helps enables the internal organs to grow and move independently of the outer
body wall
Animal Diversity
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Why does evidence show that cnidarians aremore closely related to other animals than sponges?
Animal Diversity
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What is because cnidarians possess true tissues – sponges don’t. Also cnidarians exhibit
body symmetry.
Animal Diversity
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FinalJeopardy!!!
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Without the hypothalamus, we wouldn’t be functioning. List
three things the hypothalamus is in charge of.
Final Jeopardy!!!
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What is that it controls the autonomic nervous system (homeostasis), controls the pituitary
gland, and is the site of emotions.
Final Jeopardy!!!