M ilitarism Dictators Nazi’s Mussolini – Facism Japan – military overthrew government A...
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Transcript of M ilitarism Dictators Nazi’s Mussolini – Facism Japan – military overthrew government A...
Causes of World War II M ilitarism•Dictators•Nazi’s•Mussolini – Facism•Japan – military overthrew government
A lliances•Axis (Central) Powers – Germany, Italy, Japan•Allied Powers – England, France, USSR, USA, …
I mperialism•Italy – North Africa•Germany – Europe•Japan – Asia and Pacific Islands
N ationalismFacism – government that uses extreme form of nationalismNazi – German pride
Causes of World War II• World War I resolutions: Germany – had to take the blame, lost land, lost all their overseas colonies, had to disarm, had to pay for damages
Italy – felt cheatedJapan – felt ignored by European powers
• World-wide Depression – Europe was devastated and left in debt, widespread unemployment
• ATTACKS!Hitler moves into Austria, then Czechoslovakia, then attacks Poland September 1, 1939
Italy moves into North Africa – EthiopiaJapan occupies Manchuria, then attacks Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941
DictatorsBenito Mussolini Adolph Hitler Joseph Stalin
ItalyFascist
GermanyNazi
Soviet UnionCommunism
In Common: Imperialistic attitude – conquer other nationsRuthlessly crushed opponentsBelieved in an extreme form of nationalismBelieved government should control economic and social lifeRulers in Europe during World War II
The mass murder of about 6 million European Jews (as well as Romas (gypsies), disabled, Communists, and homosexuals, …) by Hitler’s Nazi Party.1938-1945
Holocaust
The place where Jews were placed to be persecuted by Nazis. Originally used as a term to imprison political opposition, the Holocaust made the term synonymous with “extermination camps”.
Concentration Camps
Pearl HarborThe Japanese
attacked a U.S. naval base on Dec. 7, 1941 causing the U.S. to
declare war on Japan.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1niwxQgoYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TX4sTBJ0tvA
The next day, December 8, 1941, President Roosevelt addressed Congress and the nation in a broadcast heard worldwide. He called December 7th as, “a date which will live in infamy”. He then called for a declaration of war against Japan and its Axis allies in Europe.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK8gYGg0dkE
After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. became suspicious of
Japanese Americans and forcibly relocated over
110,000 Japanese Americans into internment camps.
Japanese-American Internment Camps
An immensely powerful weapon of mass destruction whose violent energy
comes from splitting the atom. It was used to end World War II when one was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9. Over 200,000 Japanese were killed by these two bombs. No nuclear weapon has ever been used since, but has created world-wide controversy.
Atomic Bomb
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE
Special courts were set
up by the allies after the
war where Nazi leaders
were tried for “crimes
against humanity”.
Nuremburg Trials
G.I. Bill Of Rights
Law that provid
ed
educational and
economic help to
soldiers that fough
t in
the war. Over 7 m
illion
veterans went to
college
under this law.
An international peace
organization created after
World War II that included
over 50 nations.
United Nations
NC Contributions to World War IIMILITARY:
– soldiers– military training camps– POW camps– Torpedo Junction (battle with U-Boats @ OBX)
– hospitals– cemeteries– shipyards
HOMEFRONT:– victory gardens– ration books – shoes, gas, rubber, metal, and food items: sugar, coffee, meat, butter
– recycling– war bonds – raised money
jobs
MANUFACTURED GOODS:– textile mills – sheets, tents, parachutes, uniforms, . . .
– military weapons and equipment – rockets, bombs, radar equipment, ships, submarine chasers, minesweepers, merchant ships, ammunition
NATURAL RESOURCES:– lumber – barracks, boxes, bunks– stone – roads– mica – insulation– tungsten – strengthens steel– agricultural products – wheat, potatoes, peanuts, hay
NC Contributions to World War II
– jobs– Soldiers– military training camps– war bonds – raised money– POW camps– victory gardens– recycling– Torpedo Junction– Hospitals– Cemeteries– Shipyards
– ration books – shoes, gas, rubber, metal, and food items: sugar, coffee, meat, butter
– textile mills – sheets, tents, parachutes, uniforms, . . .
– military weapons and equipment – rockets, bombs, radar equipment, ships, submarine chasers, minesweepers, merchant ships, ammunition
– lumber – barracks, boxes, bunks
– stone – roads– mica – insulation– tungsten – strengthens steel– agricultural products – wheat, potatoes, peanuts, hay