1

LTE Advanced February 2012

2

LTE Has Strong Commitments

LTE NETWORK LAUNCHES

LAUNCHES NETWORK COMMITMENTS

TDD DEVICES ANNOUNCED TDD LAUNCHES

LTE TDD LAUNCHED

GROWING DEVICE ECOSYSTEM

DEVICES VENDORS

Source: www.gsacom.comJan 2012

3

Qualcomm is Committed to Continued LTE Evolution

Screenshot from over the over-the-air HetNet demo, showing picocells range

expansion, within one macrocell

A main contributor to key LTE Advanced features

Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission

INDUSTRY-FIRST DEMOS

STANDARDS LEADERSHIP

INDUSTRY-FIRST LTE/3G CHIPSETS

MWC 2011: Live Heterogeneous Network Demo

MWC 2012: Live Over-The-Air HetNet Demo with Mobility

Commercial launch 4Q 2010

4

LTE Advanced—The Global 4G Solution

Qualcomm: LTE Advanced Leadership Over-the-Air prototype network, design and standards leadership

Small Cells Provide Next Performance Leap Bring the network closer to user and leverage a Heterogeneous network topology

LTE Advanced Makes The Leap Bigger It’s not just about adding small cells—need advanced interference management

Higher Capacity & Enhanced User Experience Higher network capacity, better macro offload and higher data rates for all users

Heterogeneous Networks/HetNets: macro network with added small cells like picocells

5

Qualcomm is a Leader in 3G and 4G 2013 2014 2015+ 2012

1X Advanced CDMA2000 1X

HSPA+ Advanced

HSPA+ (Future)

Rel-11 & Beyond Rel-10 Rel-9

HSPA+ (Commercial)

Rel-8 Rel-7

HSPA

LTE Leverages wider and unpaired spectrum

Commercial Note: Estimated commercial dates.

Rel-11 & Beyond Rel-10 Rel-9 Rel-8

LTE Advanced

LTE (FDD and TDD Commercial)

DO Advanced (Future)

Multicarrier

EV-DO

Rev A H/W Upgrade

EV-DO Rev. B (Commercial)

Phase - I Phase - II

DO Advanced

Created 02/08/2012

6

The Next Leap In Performance—Small Cells

Adding small cells like Picocells, Femtocells, and Remote Radioheads

How do we get more capacity?

Bring Network Closer to Users—Small Cells

Optimizations Makes the Leap Even Bigger—Smart HetNets

Radio Link approaching theoretical limit

Better Techniques Such as higher order MIMO, Smart Networks

More Spectrum New bands, Re-farming Aggregate TDD spectrum

7

LTE Advanced Brings Different Dimensions of Improvements—Most Gain From HetNets

Leverage wider bandwidth

Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands

Leverage heterogeneous network topology (HetNet)

With advanced interference management (low power picocells with adaptive resource partitioning

and advanced receiver based devices)

Leverage more radio links, more antennas

Downlink MIMO up to 8x8, enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4

Primarily higher data rates

(bps)

Higher spectral efficiency

(bps/Hz)

Higher spectral efficiency per coverage area

(bps/Hz/km2)

8

It’s not just about adding small cells —LTE Advanced makes the leap bigger1

LTE Advanced Hetnets Higher Capacity, Enhanced User Experience, User Fairness

MEDIAN DATA RATE

2.2X

1By applying advanced interference management to HetNets

9

Increased Network Capacity and Enhanced User Experience

Range Expansion BETTER UTILIZATION OF SMALL CELLS

Picocell

Macro+Picos

Macro+Picos

Picocell

Macro Only

Data Rate Improvement

Picocell

2.8X

1.4X 1X

LTE

R8

LTE

R8

LTE

Ad

vanc

ed

with

Ran

ge E

xpan

sion

Median downlink data rate1

Assumptions: 4 Picos added per macro and 33% of users dropped in clusters closer to picos (hotspots) : 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD. Advanced interference management: enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM1Similar gain for the uplink

10

Range Expansion Allows More Users to Benefit From Small Cells SIGNIFICANTLY BETTER MACRO OFFLOAD

Number of Picos per Macro cell 2 4 10

LTE R8

Range Expansion

Percentage of pico users1

Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1And enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning. Standards name eICIC: Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination 1For uniform, random user distribution

82%

57%

37% 26%

12% 6%

Small Cell

RANGE EXPANSION

1) Adaptive Resource Partitioning1 2) Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation

Enabled By:

11

Ensures Ubiquitous Broadband Experience EVEN WHEN SMALL CELLS CANNOT BE PLACED AT OPTIMAL LOCATION

Assumptions: 4 Picos per Macro randomly dropped within macro coverage, see 3GPP R1-101509. Based methodology in TR 36.814: 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD . Worst user is defined as 5 percentile user, typically the Cell edge user 1Typically cell edge users, similar gain experienced for the uplink

Picocell

Picocell

Picocell Macro+Picos

Macro+Picos

Macro Only

SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER % OF USERS WITH >1 Mbps

78%

38%

22%

LTE

R8 LTE

R8

LTE

Ad

vanc

ed

with

Ran

ge E

xpan

sion

Macro+Picos

Macro+Picos

Macro Only

1.7X

1.05X 1X

LTE

R8

LTE

R8

LTE

Ad

vanc

ed

with

Ran

ge E

xpan

sion

IMPROVES ‘WORST’ CELL EDGE USER1

12

Adaptive Interference Management Adapts to Network Changes And Actual Network Load

1Advanced adaptive interference management : enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning with enhanced RRM/RLM and advanced receiver devices

Provides network load balancing Benefits all Hetnets—but necessary for dense HetNets

Adapts to typically uneven load that changes with time and location

Heavy Load Medium Load Light Load

Adapts to added nodes, like Picocells

13

THE SECRET SAUCE: ENABLES RANGE EXPANSION THAT ALLOWS MORE USERS TO BENEFIT FROM SMALL CELLS

1With almost blank subframes

FULL BACKWARD

COMPATIBILITY1

ADAPTIVE RESOURCE

PARTITIONING

ADVANCED RECEIVER DEVICES

14

Adaptive Resource Partitioning:

PICOS

MACRO MACRO

PICOS

MACRO

PICOS

TIME

15

ADVANCED RECEIVER DEVICES WITH INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION

(CANCELLING OVERHEAD CHANNELS1)

TO DISCOVER SMALL CELLS

TO ENABLE HIGHER DATA RATES

TO ENABLE FULL RANGE EXPANSION

1Device interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as common reference signal(CRS)

16

Today: Our Testbed Tomorrow: Your Network

17

Qualcomm’s LTE Advanced Testbed

EVALUATING THE DESIGN AND FEATURES TO REALIZE FULL BENEFITS OF HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS

Evaluating the design and features to realize the full benefits of heterogeneous networks

Over-The-Air HetNet Live since March 2011 Multiple macrocells and picocells in a co-channel deployment Demonstrating e.g. pico discovery and range expansion with mobility

18

LEVERAGE WIDER BANDWIDTH

Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands

PRIMARILY HIGHER DATA RATES

(bps)

CARRIER AGGREGATION

LTE Carrier #5

LTE Carrier #4

LTE Carrier #3

LTE Carrier #2

LTE Carrier #1 Aggregated

Data Pipe Up to

100 MHz

ENHANCES USER EXPERIENCE

HIGHER PEAK AND USER DATA RATES

(OVER 1 GBPS POSSIBLE)

LEVERAGES ALL SPECTRUM ASSETS

19

LTE C

arrier #5

LTE C

arrier #4

LTE C

arrier #3

LTE C

arrier #2

LTE C

arrier #1

Aggregated Data Pipe

Carrier Aggregation Leverages All Spectrum Assets

Aggregate spectrum within a band to create a fatter data pipe

Aggregate across spectrum bands

Aggregate more downlink capacity— supplemental downlink (unpaired spectrum)

Enhances heterogeneous networks (multiple carriers)

Aggregation within band E.g. 2.6 GHz

10 MHz

Macro Pico

Carrier 1

Carrier 2

Pico

Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by picocells, carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower power around macrocell

10 MHz

Supplemental Downlink E.g. 700MHz

20

Qualcomm: Continued Standards Leadership

Notes 1Based on pre-meeting contribution count for 3GPP RAN WG4 (in charge of performance requirements) . 2E.g. for femtocells and positioning across all working groups and areas. Examples of features such as Mobility, access control, local IP access, system definition, security . 3for single point transmission results, also showed that that Network-MIMO/CoMP techniques were not required to satisfy those requirements.

A leading contributor for LTE performance definition in 20091

Leader in several key LTE standards areas2

A Main contributor to key LTE Advanced features Carrier aggregation, self-organizing network, relay, waveform

Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission First company to show results satisfying IMT-Advanced requirements3

LTE Rel-10 HetNet work item completed June 2011 Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC) work item completed in Rel-10 Additional eICIC enhancement considered for Rel-11

21

Common LTE FDD & TDD Chipset Platform

MSM 8960 LTE

DC-HSPA+/DOrB EDGE

MDM 9200 LTE

DC-HSPA+ EDGE

MDM 9600 LTE

DC-HSPA+/DOrB EDGE

• 50+ designs by 25+ OEMs • Commercial 4Q 2010 • 100 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL

• Dual-Core CPU (28nm) • Superior graphics & multimedia • Integrated connectivity (WLAN, GPS,

Bluetooth, FM)

• MSM8960 launches in 2012 • Handset & tablet launches in 2011 based on MDM9x00+MSM

MODEMS & DATA CARDS SMARTPHONES & TABLETS

Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets

22

Qualcomm: LTE Advanced Leadership

A Leading Contributor to LTE Advanced

Standards

Spearheading Technology

Design Efforts

State-of-the-Art LTE Advanced OTA Network

Ensures user fairness

Significantly higher capacity

(Range expansion)

Enhanced user experience

Better macro offload

IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT ADDING SMALL CELLS —LTE ADVANCED REALIZES FULL BENEFITS OF HETNETS

Heterogeneous Networks /HetNets: macro network with added small cells like picocells

23

Questions? Connect with Us

www.qualcomm.com/technology

http://www.qualcomm.com/blog/contributors/prakash-sangam

@Qualcomm_Tech

http://www.slideshare.net/ qualcommwirelessevolution

24

Additional Slides

25

LTE Carrier #5

LTE Carrier #4

LTE Carrier #3

LTE Carrier #2

Carrier Aggregation Enhances User Experience

LTE Carrier #1 Aggregated

Data Pipe Up to

100 MHz

LTE Multicarrier Device

eNodeB

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Up to 20 MHz

Increased data rates and lower latencies for all users in the cell Can more than double bursty application capacity

Data rates scale with bandwidth—over 1 Gbps peak data rate Aggregating 40 MHz to 100 MHz provide peak data rates of 300 Mbps to 750 Mbps1 (2x2 MIMO) and over 1 Gbps (4x4 MIMO)

1LTE R8 supports 4x4 MIMO, which enables 300 Mbps in 20 Mhz. Theoretically, LTE Advanced can support over 1Gbps peak data rates by aggregating at least 4 20 MHz carriers (up to100 MHz of spectrum) using 4x4 MIMO.

Up to 20 MHz

26

Adaptive Time-Domain Resource Partitioning

Adapts to topology, load and user distribution

Mitigates interference

Time Domain Partitioning Example a.k.a enhanced inter-cell interference coordination

Adaptive Partitioning Example 25% Semi static to macro and pico, 50% adaptive

LTE R8 provides limited interference management; primitive X2-based—adaptive resource partitioning utilizes modified X2. Frequency partitioning is the only option for asynchronous networks (Networks without GPS timing) 1Static and semi static allocation signaled to device. Enables flexible partitioning options, e.g. pico could also use reserved macro subframes (without benefits of range expansion)

Time-Domain Resources

Subframes reserved for macro

Subframes reserved for pico

Macro DL

Pico DL

Blank subframes

Ensure fairness Flexible and adaptive

partitioning options

Time-Domain Resources

Macro DL

Pico DL

Adaptive subframes, served by pico or macro

27

Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation Enable Full Range Expansion

New device can utilize full range

(LTE R10)

Legacy device cannot utilize expanded range

(LTE R8/9)

Time-Domain Resources

1Adding overhead channels such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal to ‘blank subframes’ to support legacy devices 2Device interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal(CRS) to enable full range expansion.

Advanced Receiver Devices2: 1) Discover small cell in ‘expanded range’

2) Enable higher data rates 3) Effectively expand small cell range

Example with no pico reserved subframes

Macro DL

Pico DL

Support Legacy Devices1 Continue to transmit overhead channels

in ‘almost blank’ frames

Range expansion for new devices Subframes not used by macro reduces interference

Subframes reserved for macro

Small cell

28

Relays Extend Coverage and Improve Capacity without Backhaul Expenses

RANGE EXPANSION

Assumptions: Results from 3GPP R1-094230; Based on methodology in R1-084026 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO UE, 10 Layer 3 Relays per Macro cell, uniform random layout. Advanced interference management includes intelligent node association and adaptive resource allocation

Picocell

Relays use part of macro capacity as backhaul

Relay Node

Macro+Relays

Macro+Relays

MEDIAN USER

1.8X

1X

Downlink Data Rates

Advanced Interference

Management (Range Expansion)