Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative...design and construct effective fish passes for upstream...

research for a sustainable future

Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative:

MASTERCLASS IN FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, ECOLOGY AND MONITORING

Report prepared for the Crawford Fund

Lee BaumgartnerMichael Roy

Kulthida (Ann) Techasarin

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Fish Passage Masterclass

Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative: MASTERCLASS IN FISH PASSAGE ENGINEERING DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, ECOLOGY AND MONITORING Funding provided by USAID, Crawford Fund and Mekong River Commission Lee Baumgartner, Mike Roy and Ann Techasarin Cataloguing in Publication provided by the Institute for Land, Water and Society (ILWS) Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, 2640. To be cited as: Baumgartner LJ, Roy M and Techasarin K. (2019). Lower Mekong Fish Passage Initiative. Masterclass in Fish Passage Engineering, Design, Construction, Ecology and Monitoring. 18 pp. Contact details Dr Lee Baumgartner Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University PO Box 789 Albury, NSW 2640 Email: [email protected] Tel: +61 427 070 056 Disclaimer Information contained in this report has been formulated with all due care, CSU does not warrant or represent that the report is free from errors or omission, or that it is exhaustive. CSU disclaims, to the extent permitted by law, all warranties, representations or endorsements, express or implied, with regard to the report including but not limited to, all implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. CSU further does not warrant or accept any liability in relation to the quality, operability or accuracy of the report. The report is made available on the understanding that CSU and its employees and agents shall have no liability (including but not limited to liability by reason of negligence) to the users of the report for any loss, damage, cost or expense whether direct, indirect, consequential or special, incurred by, or arising by reason of, any person using or relying on the report and whether caused by reason of any error, omission or misrepresentation in the report or otherwise. Users of the report will be responsible for making their own assessment of the information contained within and should verify all relevant representations, statements and information. Furthermore, whilst the report is considered to be true and correct at the date of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact upon the accuracy of the presented information. Sponsored by

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Purpose:

The goal of this masterclass was to provide engineers and fishery managers from Irrigation and Fisheries Ministries throughout the five Lower Mekong nations with the information needed to design and construct effective fish passes for upstream migrating fish at irrigation infrastructure.

The second goal was to build connections between irrigation and fisheries practitioners, to better utilize both skillsets in fish pass design and construction.

1. Australian instructors:

• Lee Baumgartner, Charles Sturt University

• Martin Mallen-Cooper, Charles Sturt University

• Tim Marsden, Australasian Fish Passage Services

• Bethany Cooper, University of South Australia

• Lin Crase, University of South Australia

• John Conallin, Charles Sturt University

2. U.S. Department of the Interior instructors:

• Michael Roy, Senior Technical Advisor, Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong Program

• Bill Rice, Fish Passage Engineer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

• Jason Riley, Project Manager, DOI-ITAP

• Wayne Stancil, Fish Passage Engineer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (retired)

• Kulthida (Ann) Techasarin, Regional Coordinator, Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong Program

3. Activities carried out and timeline:

The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Smart Infrastructure for the Mekong (SIM) Program, and in partnership with, the Mekong River Commission (MRC), and The Crawford Fund jointly funded and implemented this masterclass (Appendix 1).

A total of 52 practitioners from fisheries and irrigation ministries from Cambodia, Lao PDR (including participants from National University of Laos (NUOL)), Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam attended the workshop, along with representatives from Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC), the MRC Secretariat, and the National Mekong Committees from each nation (Appendix 2).

The workshop was held at SEAFDEC’s Training Center in Samut Prakarn, Thailand from November 13-16, 2018.

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Date/Time November 13, 2018 Purpose: Workshop Day 1

• Day 1 of the workshop began with welcomes from Mike Roy, Lee Baumgartner, Christina Velez- Srinivasin, and Deputy Director General Akito Sato from SEAFDEC, and then moved on to providing broad background on the concept of and need for fish passage through irrigation facilities, largely to ensure that irrigation participants had adequate information to interact successfully with fisheries colleagues.

• Each national team then presented a case study of a previously selected site in their nation where fish passage was needed; this site would be used in round-table design sessions throughout the week.

• The afternoon featured sessions on the fish passage design process, including essential data for design, fishway entrance and exit design, and case studies of good and bad entrances and exits.

• At day’s end, all participants travelled by bus to a nearby restaurant for a group dinner.

• After dinner, all returned to the 14 Residence Hotel, which is located 10 km from SEAFDEC. The bus and vans would be used for daily transport to and from the Training Center.

Photo 1: Christina Velez-Srinivasin from USAID RMDA welcomes the group.

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Date/Time November 14, 2018

Purpose: Workshop Day 2 • Day 2 of the workshop focused on the various fish pass design options available and the

decision process used to select the appropriate design. Fish pass types include vertical slots, cones, trapezoid weirs, and rock ramps.

• Each is effective under certain hydrological regimes and to pass certain fish species or sizes; fishway costs also vary substantially.

• The afternoon finished with presentations on fish passage at road crossings, and a discussion on the concept of attraction flow, a critical need to ensure that fish are able to identify the fish pass entrance.

• Throughout the day, breakout sessions allowed the national teams to begin development, with trainer assistance, of an appropriate design for their selected site.

Photo 2: Bill Rice presents an ‘Introduction to Fish Passage’ on Day 1.

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Date/Time November 15, 2018 Purpose: Workshop Day 3 • Day 3 began with national team presentations of their completed fishway designs and

continued with discussions of fishway research techniques and monitoring program design.

• Each team arrived at a functional design and engineers worked with instructors to refine the technical nuances.

• The team then switched to research and monitoring, and performed a series of structured activities and lectures.

• The day ended with a visit to SEAFDEC’s experimental flume, where participants observed native species ascending the fishway.

Photo 3: The Thai team hard at work on fish pass design.

Photo 4: The Vietnamese team presents its fish pass design.

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Date/Time November 16, 2018

Purpose Workshop Day 4 • The final day of the workshop featured the construction process, including best practices,

construction inspection, and interacting with contractors.

• Presentations then addressed wet commissioning – the final post-construction operational fishway inspection.

• The last presentation of the workshop was on the economics of fish passage, provided by Dr. Bethany Cooper, Senior Research Fellow, Economics and Pricing from University of South Australia.

• At noon, after post-workshop assessments were completed and completion certificates presented, all participants had a final lunch at the Training Center, departed by bus to the hotel, and made their way back to their home nations.

Photo 5: A visit to the SEAFDC experimental flume.

Photo 6: The course instructors


4. Key outcomes and recommendations

• This workshop achieved its goal of building baseline capacity in numerous agencies to design and construct irrigation facility fish passes. While not easily measurable, we also believe that it met its second goal of building relationships between Ministries because for the first time all worked together to develop a practical solution for a key site in each country.

• Based on responses from the pre- and post-workshop questionnaires, the delegates’ level of knowledge increased by approximately 130% (Appendix 3).

• Overall, the delegates felt that their knowledge on fish passage science and fish pass design and construction was strengthened substantially; in the case of irrigation participants, it was an eye-opening first exposure to these concepts.

• There was substantial interest for the instructors to run reciprocal courses in each individual country to participants that could not attend the full workshop in Thailand.

• Very strong recommendation to run these classes again. Partner countries suggested that for similar courses run in the past, they have paid a high registration price and would be willing to do so. However, the subsidies provided by USAID, Crawford Fund and the Mekong River Commission likely facilitated a much higher enrolment rate than if full tuition fees were requested.

• Additional recommendation is that the course run for a full four days (we ran the course for 3.5 days). The amount of activity in breakout sessions was unexpected. Students would have productively used additional time to continue discussions.

• Final learning was that bringing together multiple countries was very worthwhile. Having breakout sessions where countries were able to converse in their own language reduced overall fatigue and facilitated more robust discussions.

• Having engineers and biologists together solving these problems was a significant success. It provided significant assurances that broad scale uptake of this technology could be achieved if more frequent sessions like these were held and the messages reinforced.

• Despite best efforts to obtain gender balance, it was obvious, during registrations that the ministries dealing with engineering and fisheries are still largely male-dominated. That said, female participants were highly productive and contributed in a very positive manner. There was no evidence of and bias against females in the workshop and they provided equal contributions in all breakout sessions.

• It would be a significant challenge to generate perfect gender balance at future masterclasses. But one area within the control of the organisers is ensuring balance among the masterclass instructors.

5. Dissemination of findings

All presentations delivered during the conference were distributed to delegates on a USB stick on the final day of the conference. All workshop materials, including syllabus and presentations were distributed in hard copy to participants on day 1. Having a hard copy was seen as beneficial as students made copious notes at teach lecture processed. .


Appendix 1: Workshop agenda

TUESDAY 13th November

Time Duration Presenter 0800-0815 15 Pre-workshop questionnaires, logistics, sign-in

Welcome remarks Mr. Roy

0815-0830 15 Welcome and Overview Introduction, low-level upstream fish passage, roles designer/contributor/reviewer, Next 4 days: Background, Modules, Country tasks, sites; applying learnings

Mr. Roy / Mr. Baumgartner

MO

DU

LE

1 IN

TR

OD

UC

TIO

N

0830-0900 30 Topic: Introduction to Fish Passage What is fish passage? Objectives, Phases of a Project, New barrier, Existing barrier

Mr. Rice

0900-0930 30 Topic: Freshwater Fish migration in SE Asia Why is migration important, types and migration patterns and relation to seasonal hydrology

Mr. Mallen- Cooper

0930-1000 30 Country presentations – Fish Passage and site selection Students

1000-1030 30 Morning Tea 1030-1055 25 Country presentations – Fish Passage and site selection Students

1055-1100 5 Fish Passage Design Process; Rationale modules 1, 2, 3, 4 Mr. Baumgartner

1100-1130 30 Topic 1: Essential Data for Design Mr. Mallen- Cooper Biology (smallest fish, largest fish, biomass, fish behaviour);

Hydrology and hydraulics (US & DS levels; discharge; flow patterns downstream for fish attraction – crest/gate type and usage)

11:30- 1200

30 Country team activity: Review two reports and identify missing information for design, teams will critically review a passage design report. One will have an engineering emphasis with little biology and hydrology, and one will have a biological emphasis with little hydrology and hydraulics.

All instructors

1200-1330 90 Lunch

MO

DU

LE

2: P

RE

PAR

ING

FO

R D

ESI

GN

1330-1340 10 Introduction to conceptual model group activity Mr. Mallen- Cooper

1340-1430 50 Country Team Task: Design a fish migration conceptual model for the focal site

Students

1430-1500 30 Topic 2. Fishway Entrance and Exit Design Mr. Mallen- Cooper / Mr.

Rice Locate/create discrete upstream limit of migration at different flows; Create a zone of low turbulence for entrance flow to be distinguishable [integrity of fishway flow]). High discharge in fishway: use 10% of river flow minimum in fishway; group discussion

1500-1530 30 Afternoon Tea 1530-1550 20 Case studies of good and bad entrances/exits Mr. Stancil /

Mr. Marsden 1550-1630 40 Country Team Task: Review engineering drawings (General

arrangements) Mr. Mallen- Cooper / Mr.

Stancil 1700 Group dinner All


Wednesday 14th November Time Duration Presenter

MO

DU

LE

3: D

ESI

GN

ING

A F

ISH

WA

Y

0830-0845 15 Summary on Module 1 and 2 Mr. Roy / Mr. Baumgartner

0845-0945 60 Country team Site Projects: Apply Modules 2: entrance and exit design for focal site

All instructors

0945-1030 45 Country team Site Presentations (no more than 10 min per group)

Students

1030-1100 30 Morning Tea 1100-1200 Topic 3. Upstream Fishway Options

20 Overview; Entry, exit and sizing (largest fish and biomass; hydrology – reiterate 10% of river flow minimum). Key differences in designs: headwater & tailwater variation; depth; fishway flow.

Mr. Rice

25 Nature-like fishways: Rock-ramp fishways and Bypass Channels (full-width & partial-width)

Mr. Stancil

15 Hybrid fishways (concrete baffles and rock channels) Mr. Mallen- Cooper

1200-1300 60 Lunch 1300-1345 15 Cone & trapezoid weir fishways Mr. Marsden 1345-1410 25 Vertical-slots (single and dual-slot) Mr. Mallen-

Cooper 1410-1415 5 Choosing an option Mr. Mallen-

Cooper 1415-1500 45 Team Site Projects:

Consider applicability of all options: hydrology and biology (could be more than one suitable option)

All instructors

1500-1530 30 Afternoon Tea 1530-1615 45 Team Site Presentations

What options have you selected for your site and why? Students

Topic 3. (continued)

1615-1635 20 Road Crossings & culverts Mr. Rice / Mr, Stancil

1635-1700 25 Other considerations: Auxiliary & attraction flow, exit location, concrete aprons, gates, tailwater depth etc.

Mr. Marsden / Mr Mallen-

Cooper

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Thursday 15th November Time Duration Presenter 0830-1000 90 Team Site Projects: Choose layout of design and adapt to site All instructors

1000-1030 30 Team Site Presentations: Each country to prepare a short presentation (10 min) on their design and explain why it was the best for the nominated site.

Students

1030-1100 30 Morning Tea 1100-1130 30 Team Site Presentations: Each country to prepare a short

presentation (10 min) on their design and explain why it was the best for the nominated site.

Students

MO

DU

LE

4:

MO

NIT

OR

ING

AN

D R

ESE

AR

CH

1130-1200 30 Topic 4. Monitoring and Research Mr. Baumgartner 1.Group discussion; Introduction

Difference between monitoring and research, why monitor? Why do research? What are the questions (hypotheses)? E.g. migration, fish populations upstream, large fish, small fish; attraction efficiency & passage efficiency

2.Research methods overview Traps, PIT tags, Radio telemetry, CFD models, community sampling, fisher surveys; When to sample? How many samples?

1200-1300 60 Lunch

1300-1330 30 3. Monitoring methods Examples of fishway designs where monitoring provisions were made during the engineering component. Examples of where fishways were built with no monitoring provision and the program suffered accordingly. Importance of adaptive management.

Mr. Lee Baumgartner

1330-1430 60 Team Activity: Develop the techniques and methods which will be used to monitor the focal site fishways

Mr. Baumgartner / Mr. Marsden

1430-1500 30 Afternoon Tea

1500-1545 45 Team Presentations: Each country to provide an outline of monitoring and research needs: 1. Research/monitoring questions 2. Options for site 3. Applications for site 4. Outline of monitoring plan

Students

1545-1630 45 Flume Demonstration: How to effectively trap a fishway Pitfalls to avoid.

Students

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Friday 16th November Times Duration Presenter 0830-0845 15 Thursday Review

MO

DU

LE

5:

CO

NST

RU

CT

ION

0845-0930 Topic 5. Construction

10 1. Inspection responsibilities/monitoring How constructability influences design (access, foundations, source of materials)

Mr. Stancill

10 2. Good practice oversight/implementation Diversions/Dewatering/Sediment Control/Tailwater controls

Mr. Stancill

25 3. Construction actions/Common problems Managing contractors, construction issues, what can go wrong, how to rectify issues

Mr. Stancill / Mr. Marsden

0930-1000 30 Lessons learned from construction projects

Mr. Stancill / Mr. Marsden

1000-1030 30 Morning Tea

1030-1100 Topic 6. Wet Commissioning

15 Attraction – entrance conditions, under a range of flows Mr. Mallen- Cooper

15 Passage – depth, head losses, flow patterns, under a range of flows

Mr. Baumgartner

1100-1130 30 Cost-benefits of fish passage at irrigation infrastructure Ms. Bethany Cooper

1130-1145 15 Student feedback to presenters What was unclear? What was missing? More/less discussion time?

Mr. Roy

1145-1200 15 Wrap up end Summary of take-home-lessons; written feedback Certificate presentations

Mr. Roy

1200 60 Lunch

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Appendix 2: Participant list and sign-in sheet

No. Title Given Name Surname Sex (M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email

1 Dr. Oudom Phonekhampheng M Vice President National University of Laos

Lao PDR Observer [email protected]

2 Mr. Chan Nyein M Fauna & Flora International

Myanmar Trainee [email protected]

3 Mr. Khin Maung Soe M Advisor Worldfish Myanmar Myanmar Trainee [email protected]

4 Ms. Myint Swe Aye F Officer Department of Irrigation Myanmar Trainee [email protected]

5 Dr. Chea Thrith M Deputy Director of Fisheries Research and Development Institute

Fisheries Administration (FiA)/Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (MAFF)

Cambodia Trainee [email protected]

6 Mr. Suos Bunthan M National focal point of Agriculture and Irrigation

Cambodia National Mekong Committee (CNMC)

Cambodia Observer [email protected]

7 Mr. Ban Ratana M Officer of Engineering Department

Ministry of Water Resource and Meteorology


8 Dr. Kaviphone Phouthavong M Living Aquatic Resources Research Center (LARReC)

Lao PDR Trainee

9 Dr. Kaona Boupha M National Expert for Irrigation

Department of Irrigation, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

Lao PDR Trainee

10 Mr. Somphone Khamphanh M Lao National Mekong Commission Secretariat (LNMCS)

Lao PDR Observer [email protected]

11 Mr. Boonsong Sricharoendham M Ecologist Specialist Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]

12 Mr. Pornmongkol Chidchob M Civil Engineering, Senior Professional Level

Office of Project Management, Royal Irrigation Department

Thailand Trainee

13 Mr. Poonsak Wisetsopa M Civil Engineering, Practitioner Level

Bureau of International River Basin Management,

Thailand Trainee [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]










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No. Title Given Name Surname Sex (M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email

Department of Water Resources

14 Mr. Tran Quang Tho M Vice Chief of Division (GIS Expert)

Institute of Water Resources Planning

Vietnam Trainee

15 Mr. Nguyen Du M Senior researcher (Fisheries Expert)

Research Institute for Aquaculture No. II

Vietnam Trainee [email protected]

16 Mr. Fumihiko Onodera M Technical Advisor of Agriculture and Irrigation

Planning Division MRCS Observer [email protected]

17 Ms. Chamaporn Paiboonvorachat F Agriculture and Irrigation Specialist

Planning Division MRCS Observer [email protected]

18 Mr. Palakorn Chanbanyong M Sustainable Hydropower Specialist

Planning Division MRCS Trainee [email protected]

19 Mr. Vanna Noun M Fisheries & Aquatic Ecology Officer

Environment Division MRCS Trainee [email protected]

20 Mr. Chann Aun Tob M Deputy Director, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI)



21 Mr. Sarun Hey M Research Assistant, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI)



22 Mr. Sok Heng Chan M Vice Chief, Fishing Technology Research Division



23 Mr. Savat Nut M Research Assistant Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute


24 Mr. Sereypich Keo M Deputy Director of Hydrology and River Work Department

Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology












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No. Title Given Name Surname Sex

(M/F) Position Organization Country Status Email

25 Mr. Chour Eng M Chief Office of Watershed Management



26 Mr. Bak Bunna M Project Manager, GMS Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project



27 Mrs. Khampheng Homsombath F Head of Fisheries Research Section

Living Aquatic Resources Research Center (LARReC)

Lao PDR Trainee [email protected] om

28 Mr. Khamhou Phanthavong M Deputy Director of Planning and Cooperation Division

Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]

29 Mr. Chindaphone Senebouttarath M Planning and Statistic Section, PCD


30 Mr. Outhoumphone Saysithideth M Planning and Cooperation Unit, Province Irrigation Section, Savanakhet Province


31 Mr. Khammone Phomphiphak M Director of District Agriculture and Forestry Office, Thabok District, Khammouan Province

Irrigation Department Lao PDR Trainee None

32 Mr. Oudone Khounsavan M Technical Staff, Division of Fisheries

Department of Livestock and Fisheries

Lao PDR Trainee [email protected]

33 Ms. Nittaya Wutticharoenmongkol F Fishery Biologist Professional level, Technology and Communication Center

Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]

34 Ms. Apiradee Hanpongkittikul F Fishery Biologist Professional level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division











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35 Ms. Tiwarat Thalerngkietleela F Fishery Biologist Senior Professional level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division


36 Mr. Kosol Sriputinibondh M Fishery Biologist Practical level, Inland Fisheries Research and Development Division


37 Mr. Natthapol Ongmali M Fishery Biologist, Practical level, Fisheries Foreign Affairs Division


38 Mr. Adulvit Chucherd M Geographer Department of Fisheries Thailand Trainee [email protected]

39 Mr. Suthipong Thanasarnsakorn M Marine Engineering Section Head

SEAFDEC/TD Thailand Trainee [email protected]

40 Mr. Thaweesak Thimkrab M Fisheries and Post- Harvest Engineer

SEAFDEC/TD Thailand Trainee [email protected]

41 Mr. Wichet Buttachien M Civil Engineer, Senior Professional Level, Bureau of Engineering and Architectural Design

Royal Irrigation Department

Thailand Trainee

42 Mr. Kamon In-khamchua M Civil Engineer, Practitional Level, Bureau of Engineering and Architectural Design


Thailand Trainee [email protected]

43 Mr. Chaiwat Khamkeaw M Civil Engineer, Practitional Level


Thailand Trainee

44 Mr. Sereesit Tajai M Irrigation Engineer, Practitioner Level


Thailand Trainee

45 Mr. Nguyen Hai Nam M Official Department of Water Resource Management and Rural Water Supply











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46 Mr. Tong Van Xieu M Official Department of Infrastructure Construction


47 Mr. Nguyen Thai Ha M Deputy Director Centre for Policy and Technique on Water Resources


48 Ms. Nguyen Thuy Linh F Researcher Vietnam Academy for Water Resources


49 Mr. Phan Dinh Phuc M Doctor on Freshwater Fisheries

Institute of Aquaculture No. III


50 Mr. Dang Van Khanh M Engineer on Construction Irrigation Sub- Department of Dac Lac Province









Appendix 3: Participant outcomes and assessment of the masterclass

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