Los Países Hispanoparlantes
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Transcript of Los Países Hispanoparlantes
Los Países Hispanoparlantes
Spanish-speaking countries
How many are there?• There are 22 different countries that
speak Spanish.• They are in North America, Central
America, South America, Europe, and Africa.
• Write in the country, capital, nationality, and tidbits on your note sheet.
Counting Continents• By the United States’ definition,
there are 7 continents.• By the rest of the world’s definition
there are 5 or 6 continents.– The Americas are one continent and
Antarctica doesn’t count.– That’s why there are 5 Olympic rings
representing the 5 continents.
#1 The United States• el país:
– Los Estados Unidos de América– EE.UU.
• la capital: – Washington, D.C.
• nacionalidad: – American
• The darker the blue, the more Spanish speakers live there.
• We are the second-largest Spanish-speaking country behind Mexico with 45 million Spanish speakers!
• We do not have an official language.
Spanish-speakers by county
#2 Mexico• el país:
– México• la capital:
– México, D.F.• nacionalidad:
– Mexican• Also made up of states, so it
is the United States of Mexico.• México, D.F. is the largest city
in the western hemisphere. It was built over a lake, so some of the buildings in downtown sink a little every year.
• D.F. stands for Distrito Federal
Mexico City’s original layout
#3 Guatemala• el país:
– Guatemala• la capital:
– Ciudad de Guatemala• nacionalidad:
– Guatemalan• Has lots of ancient ruins
from Aztecs and Mayas.• Many of the names
come from the native Aztec and Mayan languages.
Mayan ruins in Guatemala
#4 Honduras• el país:
– Honduras• la capital:
– Tegucigalpa• nacionalidad:
– Honduran• Was the first country to
be called a “Banana Republic” because it gets most of its income from exporting bananas.
• Also has lots of Mayan ruins.
Banana market in Honduras
#5 El Salvador• el país:
– El Salvador• la capital:
– San Salvador• nacionalidad:
– Salvadoran• Is tiny but has lots of
volcanoes.• Once went to war
with Honduras over a soccer game.
Salvadorian Volcanoes
#6 Nicaragua• el país:
– Nicaragua• la capital:
– Managua• nacionalidad:
– Nicarugauan• Contains Lake
Nicaragua, which has fresh-water sharks!
• National sport is baseball.
Freshwater sharks!
#7 Costa Rica• el país:
– Costa Rica• la capital:
– San José• nacionalidad:
– Costa Rican• Does not have an army! It
is a relatively safe country that tries to stay out of international politics.
• Is a popular eco-tourist destination for cloud forests, volcanoes, and sea turtles.
Ziplining in a cloud forest
#8 Panamá• el país:
– Panamá• la capital:
– Ciudad de Panamá• nacionalidad:
– Panaman • Gets 1/3 of income from
the canal! • Canal is the only way to
cross a boat from the Atlantic to Pacific without going all the way around South America.
Panama Canal
#9 Cuba• el país:
– Cuba• la capital:
– La Habana• nacionalidad:
– Cuban• Is an island only 90 miles
from Florida, but Americans are not allowed to visit.
• Is under the communist rule of the Castro family, and the U.S. has an embargo… no trade, no travel.
American cars in Cuba
#10 La República Dominicana
• el país: – La República
Dominicana• la capital:
– Santo Domingo• nacionalidad:
– dominicano• Shares an island with
Haiti.• Is the birthplace of
Latin dancing like the merengue.
Salsa dancing in the Dominican
#11 Puerto Rico• el país:
– Puerto Rico• la capital:
– San Juán• nacionalidad:
– Puerto Rican • Is a tiny island that is
actually part of the United States.
• Is not yet a state, so they don’t pay taxes… but they also don’t get government representation.
You can visit without a passport!
#12 Venezuela• el país:
– Venezuela• La capital:
– Caracas• nacionalidad:
– Venezualan • Has lots of shoreline on
the north end of South America… and there’s lots of oil there!
• Famous for Angel Falls, the tallest waterfall in the world.
Angel Falls
#13 Colombia• el país:
– Colombia• la capital:
– Bogotá• nacionalidad:
– colombiano• Gets most of its money
from exporting oil and coffee.
• Also has a significant drug trade, so it is one of the least safe countries for travel.
Coffee on the hillside in Colombia
#14 Ecuador• el país:
– Ecuador• la capital:
– Quito• nacionalidad:
– Ecuadoran • Gets its name because it
is right on the equator.• Owns the Galapagos
Islands, which are a national park and international tourist destination.
Famous animals on the Galapagos
#15 Perú• el país:
– Perú• la capital:
– Lima• nacionalidad:
– Peruvian• Is mostly mountainous –
the Andes mountains – which is home to the potato and the tomato.
• Is famous for Machu Picchu, an ancient Incan mountain ruin.
Machu Picchu
#16 Bolivia• el país:
– Bolivia• la capital:
– La Paz• nacionalidad:
– boliviano• Is mostly mountains
and has Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world.
• Has the world’s largest salt deposit!
Bolivian salt flats
#17 Chile• el país:
– Chile• la capital:
– Santiago• nacionalidad:
– Chilean • Is made up of districts
numbered from 1 (in the north) to 11 (in the south).
• On the north end it has the Atacama Desert, the driest desert in the world.
A sculpture in the Atacama Desert
#18 Argentina• El país:
– Argentina• La capital:
– Buenos Aires• Nacionalidad:
– Argentine• Famous for cowboys,
beef, grapes, and wine.• Many families immigrated
from Italy and Germany, so there is a lot of blonde hair and blue eyes.
Argentine tango
#19 Uruguay• el país:
– Uruguay• la capital:
– Montevideo• nacionalidad:
– Uruguayan • 88% of population are
European immigrants from Spain and Italy!
• It’s a super healthy country – it has the highest birthrates and longest life expectancy in South America!
Diego Forlán, soccer legend
#20 Paraguay• el país:
– Paraguay• la capital:
– Asunción• nacionalidad:
– Paraguayan • Known for the Guaraní,
the native group there.• Has the largest
hydroelectric plant in the world.
Massive hydroelectric plant
#21 España• El país:
– España• La capital:
– Madrid• Nacionalidad:
– Spanish• Is the country that sent
explorers to the new world, which is why so many Latin American countries speak Spanish.
• Has beautiful old cities and also deserts. Has lots of Arabic influence because it’s so close to Africa.
Beautiful European cities
#22 Guinea Ecuatorial• el país:
– Guinea Ecuatorial• la capital:
– Malabo• nacionalidad:
– Guinean • Is the only Spanish-
speaking country in Africa.
• Populated by Spanish Jews who were exiled back in the 15th century.
Gorillas in Guinea