LINGUISTIC INPUT IN THE CLASSROOM

Grammar

Lexis

Classroom Activities

Giving Instructions

Nouns and Articles

Material

Phonology

Tenses

Linguistic Input in the Classroom

What is linguistically happening? What tenses are actually used? Which patterns do occur? What impact does the teacher have on the

students‘ language? How does the teacher interact with the

students?

Linguistic Input in the Classroom

Focus on tenses Use of the simple present and present

progressive in primary school Use of the simple past in secondary school

Use of the simple present and present progressive in primary school

Research question: Which forms do occur in teacher´s and students´ talk?

Use of the simple present and present progressive in primary school

Present Simple Teacher

Present Progressive Teacher

Other TenseTeacher

Exceptional CasesTeacher

Present Simple Pupil

Present Progressive Pupil

Exceptional Cases Pupil

Untensed Utterances (T, P (s), P (c))

CD Input (PS, PP, OT,EC, UU)

Comments

class: I correct -- wrong T Teacher P (s) Pupil (single) P(c ) Pupil (chorus) PS Present Simple PP Present Progressive OT Other Tense EC Exceptional Case UU Untensed Utterance

date:

Use of the simple present and present progressive in primary school

Which forms does the teacher and the students use?

Example for a result:

134 tensed utterances at all 106 tensed utterances (100%) teacher

78 % present simple 22 % other tenses and exceptional cases

3 present progressive utterances

28 tensed utterances (100%) pupils 89 % present simple 11 % exceptional cases 5 present progressive utterances

Use of the simple present and present progressive in primary school

Results: Patterns and pairs

Example for pairs:

PS T I (“It´s six o´clock”) PS P (c ) I (“It´s six o´clock”)

PS T I Simple Present question (“What´s that?”)

UU P(s) (“pig”)

Use of the simple present and present progressive in primary school

Patterns and tenses in rituals: UU P (s1) hello UU P (s2) hello PS P(s1) I What´s your favourite food? PS P(s2) I My favourite food is pizza UU P (s1) Thank you PS P(s2) You´re welcome

Use of the simple past in secondary school

Research question: Will the students make mistakes when the input and to some extent also the output is not that controlled?

Interference: Teaching two lessons myself

Use of the simple past in secondary school

Audio recording + observation scheme

Past simple Teacher

Other forms Teacher

German forms Teacher

Past simple Students

Other forms Students

German forms Students

Comments

I correct; -- wrong

Use of the simple past in secondary school

„Dear …,

My holiday was very nice. I go with my family on the beach and I go shopping. I was in London. I play football with my friends in London. […]“

„Dear … ,

I went to the North Sea with my family. It was funny. I and Saskia are go to the Watt. That‘s a cool thing. I stay on a campsite. I don‘t go to the beach. […]“

Use of the simple past in secondary school

Conclusion Knowledge of the right forms Use of simple present as the default students

fall back into present More focus on content than on forms Students have not fully realized the use of the

simple past do not know when to use it