Life Science - Mr. Hooper - January 2013

The Algae: Plantlike Protists

The Algae: Plantlike Protists

http://university.uog.edu/botany/474/fw/pandorina.htm

Algae are autotrophs.

Algae may be unicellular or multicellular.

Pigments: chemicals that produce color.

Algae can be green, yellow, red,brown, orange or black.

Algae are a major producer ofEarth’s oxygen, and are a majorfood source for aquatic organisms.

DiatomsDiatoms: Unicellular protists with beautiful glasslike cell walls. Diatomsform a major part of the plankton in both fresh water and ocean water.They are responsible for about 20% of the Earth’s photosynthesis.

DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates (Gk dinos “whirling”) are unicellular algae surrounded by toughplates. Each dinoflagellate moves like a twirling top due to its pair of flagella.They are photosynthetic autotrophs that form a major part of plankton.

http://mybay.umd.edu/specifichabs.html http://withfriendship.com/user/sathvi/dinoflagellate.php

Dinoflagellates: Red Tides

Some dinoflagellates have occasional population explosions called bloomsor red tides. Water may be colored red, orange, or brown. Some of the redtide dinoflagellates produce a toxin that attacks the nervous system of fish,leading to massive fish kills. Humans can contract paralytic shellfish poisoning.

Euglenoidshttp://www.angelfire.com/ks3/merickson/Protista.html

http://www.infovisual.info/02/001_en.html

Euglenoids, including Euglena acus, are unicellular. Euglenoids have a stigma or eyespot that contains pigments. The eyespot is sensitive to light.

Red AlgaeThe red algae are multicellularred seaweeds. These algae canabsorb light for photosynthesisin deep ocean waters.

Nori is the Japanese name for the edible red algae of thegenus Porphyra. Carrageenan is a substance extractedfrom red algae that is added to ice cream to provide a thick, creamy texture.

Green algaeGreen algae: range from unicellular to multicellular green seaweeds.Contain the same pigments (chlorophyll) as land plants.

http://ivan-roberto.blogspot.com/

Ulva sp. – Sea lettuce

Spirogyra sp.

Green algaeChlamydomonas

Codium fragile

Volvox sp.

Udotea glaucescens

Brown algaeBrown algae: contain the brown pigment fucoxanthin and also green, yellow, and orange pigments. These are the seaweeds and giant kelps (some up to 100 meters long).

http://bcadayatatime.com/2010/08/22/this-is-the-reason-we-choose-the-sea-otter-for-our-logo-hes-tops-with-us-at-bc-a-day-at-a-time/

Brown algae

http://www.calacademy.org/teachers/resources/lessons/sensational-seaweed/

Substances called algins are extractedfrom brown algae and are used asthickeners in puddings and other foods.

http://www.meijer.com/s/hunts-snack-pack-pudding-chocolate-1-multi-pack-4-cups/_/R-146289

In what section of the book store do brown algae hang out?The Self-Kelp Section

www.flickr.com

Fungus-like Protists

The funguslike protists are heterotrophs that have cell walls and use spores to reproduce.Spore: a tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.

Slime Mold Life Cycle

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Slime Molds

http://theartfulamoeba.com/2010/03/25/the-math-of-natural-beauty/

Slime molds may be microscopic to large enough to cover an area of severalmeters. Some form many celled masses, some form a giant multinucleate cell.

Water Molds – Funguslike Protists

http://faculty.ccri.edu/lmfrolich/Microbiology/eukaryotes.htm

The water molds are funguslike protists that live in water and moist places.

Some are important decomposers of dead aquatic organisms.

Others are parasites that cause devastating crop loss (e.g. Phytophthora infestans – cause of the Irish Potato Famine)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phytophtora_infestans-effects.jpg

Downy Mildew – Funguslike Protists

Downy mildews are funguslike protists that are parasites of many important crops.Downy mildews grow on and infect grapes, squash, watermelons, tobacco, mint, hops and many other crops.

These protists grow best in moist, humid conditions. They look like fuzz or gray-fuzzy growth on the underside of leaves(e.g. Peronospora tabacina).

http://www.uvm.edu/cmb/faculty_details.php?people_id=120

Funguslike Protists – Downy Mildews

http://blogs.cornell.edu/ccesummerinterns/files/2011/07/100_3776.JPG

Right: Light micrograph (400×) of sporangiophore and sporangia of downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica) in tissues of shepherd’s-purse plant.

http://www.apsnet.org/publications/imageresources/Pages/IW00003a.aspx

Left: Downy Mildew- bottom side of leaf.

Miss Kingdom Protista: Who is she?

Sarcodines – Amoeba proteus

Ciliates – Paramecium bursaria

Flagellates – Giardia lamblia

Trichonympha campanula

Parasitic Protozoa – Plasmodium falciparum

Toxoplasma gondii

Leishmania donovaniAlgae – Diatoms Dinoflagellates

Euglenoids –Euglena acus

Algae – Red algae Green algae

Brown algae

Funguslike protists –

Slime molds

Water molds (Phytophthora infestans)

Downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina)

Works CitedBrown algae. http://www.williamsclass.com/SixthScienceWork/Classification/ClassificationNotes/ClassificationNotes.htm.Chlamydomonas. https://wiki.umn.edu/IBS8102/030410-Molnar.Codium fragile. http://myweb.dal.ca/rescheib/codium.html.

Diatoms. http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/15841/530wm/B3050136-LM_of_an_array_of_marine_diatoms-SPL.jpg.

Diatoms black background. http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/73148/enlarge.Downy. http://momsneedtoknow.com/hot-downy-11-coupon/.

Downy mildew on tobacco. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Peronospora_hyoscyami_f._sp._tabacina.jpg.

Nori rolls. http://gliving.com/nori-rolls-with-pecan-pate/.

Otter and kelp. http://bcadayatatime.com/2010/08/22/this-is-the-reason-we-choose-the-sea-otter-for-our-logo-hes-tops-with-us-at-bc-a-day-at-a-time.Pandorina. http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~plantbio/osu_pcmb/pcmb_lab_resources/pcmb102_activities/algae_mosses/algae_mosses_pandorina.htm

Red algae. http://www.barwonbluff.com.au/bluff%20life/below%20waves/marine%20plants/algae/red%20algae/pages/soft%20red%20algae.htm.Slime mold. http://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/slime-molds-aliens/.Slime mold-pink. pinterest.com.

Spirogyra species. http://www.phenomenica.com/2011/04/land-plants-evolved-from-conjugating.html.Udotea glaucescens. http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=3817&-session=abv4:42F9422A0f048236D6rRm1AB2C30.Volvox. http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artdec03/volvox.html.