LHCf Status Report Measurement of Photons and Neutral Pions in the Very Forward Region of LHC Oscar...

LHCf Status ReportLHCf Status Report

Measurement of Photons and Neutral Measurement of Photons and Neutral Pions in the Very Forward Region of LHC Pions in the Very Forward Region of LHC

Oscar AdrianiOscar Adriani

INFN Sezione di Firenze - Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli INFN Sezione di Firenze - Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli

Studi di FirenzeStudi di Firenze

Frascati, CSN1, 26 Giugno 2007Frascati, CSN1, 26 Giugno 2007

Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1Frascati, 26 Giugno 2007 - CSN1 LHCf Status ReportLHCf Status Report Oscar Oscar AdrianiAdriani

INTERACTION POINTINTERACTION POINT

Beam Beam lineline

Detector IIDetector II

TungstenTungsten

ScintillatorScintillator

Silicon Silicon stripsstrips

Detector IDetector I

TungstenTungsten

ScintillatorScintillator

Scintillating Scintillating fibersfibers

140 m140 m 140 m140 m

Experimental Method:Experimental Method:2 independent detectors on both 2 independent detectors on both sides of IPsides of IP

The direct measurement of the The direct measurement of the production cross section as production cross section as function of pfunction of pTT is essential to correctly estimate the energy of is essential to correctly estimate the energy of

the primary cosmic rays the primary cosmic rays (LHC: 10(LHC: 101717 eV) eV)

Simulation of an Simulation of an atmospheric shower due atmospheric shower due to a 10to a 101919 eV proton. eV proton.


Detector # 2Detector # 2

4 pairs of 4 pairs of silicon microstrip silicon microstrip layerslayers (6, 12, 30, 42 r.l.) for tracking (6, 12, 30, 42 r.l.) for tracking purpose (X and Y) purpose (X and Y) impact impact pointpoint

We use LHC styleWe use LHC styleelectronics and readoutelectronics and readout

16 scintillator 16 scintillator layers (3 mm layers (3 mm thick)thick)

Trigger and Trigger and energy profile energy profile measurementsmeasurements

AbsorberAbsorber22 tungsten layers 7mm 22 tungsten layers 7mm thick thick 44 X 44 X00 (1.6 (1.6 II) in ) in totaltotal

(W: X(W: X00 = 3.5mm, R = 3.5mm, RMM = = 9mm)9mm)

2 towers 24 cm long 2 towers 24 cm long stacked on their edges stacked on their edges and offset from one and offset from one anotheranother

Lower:2.5 cm x 2.5 cmLower:2.5 cm x 2.5 cm

Upper: 3.2 cm x 3.2 cmUpper: 3.2 cm x 3.2 cm

EnergyEnergy

< 400 < 400 radrad


Performances of the LHCf Performances of the LHCf DetectorDetector

SciFi Position ResolutionSciFi Position ResolutionEnergy ResolutionEnergy Resolution

Measured at the SPS Measured at the SPS

Beam Test in 2004Beam Test in 2004

LHCf can measure (and LHCf can measure (and provide to LHC) the center of provide to LHC) the center of neutral flux from the collisions neutral flux from the collisions

If the center of the If the center of the neutral flux hits LHCf neutral flux hits LHCf << 1 mm << 1 mm resolutionresolution


00 mass resolution mass resolution

Arm #1Arm #1E/E=5%E/E=5%200 200 m spatial m spatial resolutionresolution

m/m = 5%m/m = 5%

22 identified in the 2 towersidentified in the 2 towers


Monte Carlo Monte Carlo ray energy spectrum ray energy spectrum (5% Energy resolution is taken into account)(5% Energy resolution is taken into account)

101066 generated LHC interactions generated LHC interactions 1 minute exposure @101 minute exposure @102929 cm cm-2-2ss-1-1 luminosity Discrimination luminosity Discrimination between various models is between various models is feasiblefeasible Quantitative Quantitative

discriminatiodiscrimination with the n with the help of a help of a properly properly defined defined 22 discriminatindiscriminating variable g variable based on the based on the spectrum spectrum shape shape (see TDR for (see TDR for details)details)

Where are we with the Where are we with the detectors?detectors?


Where we are with Arm1?Where we are with Arm1?Arm1 was fully assembled in Japan in July 2006 Arm1 was fully assembled in Japan in July 2006 (scintillators + fibers + Tungsten) and fully (scintillators + fibers + Tungsten) and fully tested at CERN in August 2006 beam testtested at CERN in August 2006 beam test


Where we are with Arm2?Where we are with Arm2?o Arm2 was partially Arm2 was partially

assembled in Florence in assembled in Florence in July 2006 and brought to July 2006 and brought to CERN for the Beam Test of CERN for the Beam Test of August 2006August 2006

o Arm2 was fully assembled Arm2 was fully assembled in Florence in April 2007in Florence in April 2007


Front Counter Front Counter (Both for (Both for Arm1&2)Arm1&2)

read by a MAPMT R7600U-00-M4


The mechanics of the The mechanics of the modulemodule

Silicon sensor

Hybrid circuitPace Chips

Kapton fanout

SiliconX SiliconYTungsten

Light Guides+

Scintillators

25 mm


Readout electronicsReadout electronics

LHC style electronics LHC style electronics (Many thanks to CMS!!!!)(Many thanks to CMS!!!!)

DOHDOHCCUCCUPLLPLLDCUDCU……

PACE3 chips (CMS preshower)PACE3 chips (CMS preshower)

We have developedWe have developed•Hybrid circuit (Left+Right)Hybrid circuit (Left+Right)•Mother Board (Logic)Mother Board (Logic)•Adc Piggy Back boardAdc Piggy Back board

DAQ: DAQ: 100 Mbit/s optical link100 Mbit/s optical linkVME ReadoutVME Readout

100 100 MbitMbit

Optical Optical LinkLink


Now the real installation in Now the real installation in LHC…LHC…

Pre-Installation dates have been fixed in Fall 2006Pre-Installation dates have been fixed in Fall 2006– LSS1L (Arm1)LSS1L (Arm1)

o 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007 FINISHED! FINISHED!– LSS1R (Arm2)LSS1R (Arm2)

o 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007 FINISHED FINISHED

The dates for the final installation are still The dates for the final installation are still under discussionunder discussion

(after the beam test in August/September, may (after the beam test in August/September, may be beginning of 2008?)be beginning of 2008?)

The idea is that installation takes place in The idea is that installation takes place in 2 steps:2 steps:

Pre-installationPre-installationFinal installationFinal installation

In between the 2 installation the baking In between the 2 installation the baking out of the beam pipe will be done (200 out of the beam pipe will be done (200 ooC), so the detectors should be removedC), so the detectors should be removed


Before pre-installation a long preparatory Before pre-installation a long preparatory job has been necessary:job has been necessary:– Modifications of the TANModifications of the TAN– Transport machine / Fork liftTransport machine / Fork lift– Cables and fibers from USA15 to tunnelCables and fibers from USA15 to tunnel

o Most of the control electronics and all the Most of the control electronics and all the power supply system are located in the power supply system are located in the USA15 Atlas control roomUSA15 Atlas control room

o > 200 m distance!!!> 200 m distance!!!o All the necessary cables have been pulled All the necessary cables have been pulled

(~100 cables!!!)(~100 cables!!!)o All the connectors have been mountedAll the connectors have been mountedo All the optical fibers have been installedAll the optical fibers have been installed

– Electronic racks in USA15Electronic racks in USA15


TAN slot before and after CU bar removalTAN slot before and after CU bar removal


Arm1 pre-installationArm1 pre-installationFrom 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007From 8/01/2007 to 26/01/2007

No major problems came outNo major problems came out

Cables Cables OK OKTransport and installation Transport and installation OK OKLaser calibration Laser calibration OK OKPower supply from USA15 Power supply from USA15 OK OKManipulator and movements Manipulator and movements

OKOK

Arm1 was dismounted at the Arm1 was dismounted at the endend


Transport and insertion in the Transport and insertion in the TANTAN


LHCf Arm 1 – Installation LHCf Arm 1 – Installation completed completed within 15 minutes!within 15 minutes!


Arm2 pre-installationArm2 pre-installationFrom 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007From 23/04/2007 to 11/05/2007No major problems came outNo major problems came out

Quartz fibre for calibration is Quartz fibre for calibration is damaged damaged should be replaced should be replaced

Cables Cables OK OKTransport and installation Transport and installation OK OKLaser calibration Laser calibration OK OK

locallylocally TBD from TBD from

remoteremotePower supply from USA15 Power supply from USA15 OK OKManipulator and movements Manipulator and movements

OKOK

No interference with BRANNo interference with BRAN

Arm2 was dismounted at the endArm2 was dismounted at the endExplicit request from TS/LEA: Speed up the cabling connection time!Explicit request from TS/LEA: Speed up the cabling connection time!Some work is in progress for this (Splitter box, Distribution board)Some work is in progress for this (Splitter box, Distribution board)

A ‘second pre-installation’ is foreseen in AutumnA ‘second pre-installation’ is foreseen in Autumn


TANUSA15

High Current Cables

Sense wiresPower Supply

High VoltageHigh Voltage

Splitter Box

~ 240 m

Thermistors

Control PCMB + ADC

TSC+FEC

VME Crate

Monomode Optical Fibers DOH

Multimode Optical Fibers

Distribution Board

Pow

er

The

rmis

tors

Signal +Control

Arm2

Readout and control scheme for Arm2 Silicon Readout and control scheme for Arm2 Silicon


General LHCf DAQ schemeGeneral LHCf DAQ schemeLHCf Rack LHCf Rack Allocation Allocation in USA15in USA15


What do we have to do?What do we have to do? Final commissioning of the electronics (modifications Final commissioning of the electronics (modifications

to the logic, complete the PCBs, distribution board to the logic, complete the PCBs, distribution board etc.)etc.)

Installation of the new splitter box in the tunnelInstallation of the new splitter box in the tunnel Some work in USA15 and TAN region to speed up the Some work in USA15 and TAN region to speed up the

interconnection timeinterconnection time Final DAQ software common with Japan peopleFinal DAQ software common with Japan people Monitoring programMonitoring program Test beam with final apparatus (August 24, Test beam with final apparatus (August 24,

September 11)September 11)

Second pre-installation to test the modifications Second pre-installation to test the modifications done after the first pre-installationdone after the first pre-installation

Final installation: schedule is under discussion Final installation: schedule is under discussion (December? January 2008?)(December? January 2008?)


Milestones dei preventivi 2007Milestones dei preventivi 2007 28/02/200728/02/2007

– completamento dei moduli al silicio completamento dei moduli al silicio

FATTO!FATTO! 30/06/200730/06/2007

– Preinstallazione e commissioning di LHCf nella Preinstallazione e commissioning di LHCf nella TAN compatibilmente con le tempistiche della TAN compatibilmente con le tempistiche della

macchina macchina FATTO!FATTO! 31/12/200731/12/2007

– Installazione finale e presa dati a bassa Installazione finale e presa dati a bassa energia compatibilmente con la macchina energia compatibilmente con la macchina Installazione prevista per la fine dell’anno (inizio Installazione prevista per la fine dell’anno (inizio

2008?)2008?)

presa dati sicuramente NO!presa dati sicuramente NO!


2007 Test Beam2007 Test Beam 3 settimane di Test Beam (24/08 – 3 settimane di Test Beam (24/08 –

11/09)11/09) SPS H4SPS H4 Scopo: Scopo:

– Calibrazione assoluta in energia di Arm1 & Calibrazione assoluta in energia di Arm1 & Arm2 utilizzando più energie possibili per Arm2 utilizzando più energie possibili per gli elettroni (50 GeV – 250 GeV)gli elettroni (50 GeV – 250 GeV)

– MIsura di MIsura di E/E per protoniE/E per protoni– Misura congiunta LHCf-BRAN (ultimi giorni Misura congiunta LHCf-BRAN (ultimi giorni

di test LHCf – Primi giorni di test BRAN)di test LHCf – Primi giorni di test BRAN)– MIsura diretta di produzione MIsura diretta di produzione 00 con target con target

leggero?leggero?


Money….Money….Per questo lascio la parola ai referee…Per questo lascio la parola ai referee…Ma prima un breve commento:Ma prima un breve commento:

Principale problema riscontrato per il controllo dei Principale problema riscontrato per il controllo dei costi: Mancanza di stime precise per le spese costi: Mancanza di stime precise per le spese necessarie per l’installazione.necessarie per l’installazione.I lavori vengono svolti da ditte esterne sotto il I lavori vengono svolti da ditte esterne sotto il controllo della divisione TScontrollo della divisione TSI costi preventivati normalmente non vengono I costi preventivati normalmente non vengono rispettati (difficoltà nell’installazione, allarmi di rispettati (difficoltà nell’installazione, allarmi di evacuazione nel tunnel, extra costi ….)evacuazione nel tunnel, extra costi ….)Continua ‘negoziazione’ per l’accettazione e la Continua ‘negoziazione’ per l’accettazione e la ripartizione delle spese tra i vari utenti (Atlas, ripartizione delle spese tra i vari utenti (Atlas, LHCf, CERN) LHCf, CERN)

2006: Problema del costo aggiuntivo dei cavi2006: Problema del costo aggiuntivo dei cavi2007: Problema del costo aggiuntivo delle 2007: Problema del costo aggiuntivo delle

fibrefibre2008: Speriamo nessun problema!!!!2008: Speriamo nessun problema!!!!

Necessità di un accordo ‘ufficiale’ con Atlas e il Necessità di un accordo ‘ufficiale’ con Atlas e il Cern per le spese per gli anni futuri?Cern per le spese per gli anni futuri?

Back up SlidesBack up Slides


Detector #1Detector #1

16 scintillator 16 scintillator layers (3 mm layers (3 mm

thick)thick)

Trigger and Trigger and energy profile energy profile measurementsmeasurements

AbsorberAbsorber

22 tungsten layers 7mm 22 tungsten layers 7mm thick thick 44 X 44 X00 (1.6 (1.6 II)) in in totaltotal

(W: X(W: X00 = 3.5mm, R = 3.5mm, RMM = = 9mm)9mm)

4 pairs of4 pairs of scintillating scintillating fiber layers fiber layers for for tracking purpose (6, tracking purpose (6, 10, 30, 42 r.l.)10, 30, 42 r.l.)

EnergyEnergy

Impact point Impact point (())2 towers 2 towers ~~24 cm 24 cm

long stacked long stacked vertically with 5 mm vertically with 5 mm gapgap

Lower:2 cm x 2 cm Lower:2 cm x 2 cm areaarea

Upper: 4 cm x 4 cm Upper: 4 cm x 4 cm areaarea

< 300 < 300 radrad


Energy spectrum of Energy spectrum of ππ00 expected from expected from different modelsdifferent models(Typical energy resolution of (Typical energy resolution of is 3 % at 1TeV)is 3 % at 1TeV)


Clear CR signal separation (20ADC by 2249W ~ 5pC)


Model dependence of neutron energy Model dependence of neutron energy distributiondistribution

Original n energy 30% energy resolution30% energy resolution


Installation of the detectors in the TAN Installation of the detectors in the TAN absorbers at 140m from IP1absorbers at 140m from IP1

96 96 mmmm

LHCfLHCf

The LHCf operation The LHCf operation in LHCin LHC


Optimal LHCf run Optimal LHCf run conditionsconditions

Beam parameters used Beam parameters used for commissioning are for commissioning are good for LHCf!!!good for LHCf!!!

Beam Beam parameterparameter

ValueValue

# of bunches# of bunches ≤ ≤ 4343

Bunch Bunch separationseparation

> 2 > 2 secsec

Crossing Crossing angleangle

0 rad0 rad

140 140 rad rad downwarddownward

Luminosity Luminosity per bunchper bunch

< 2 x 10< 2 x 1028 28 cmcm-2-2ss-1-1

LuminosityLuminosity ≤ ≤ ~10~1030 30 cmcm-2-2ss-1-1

Bunch Bunch intensityintensity

4x104x101010 ppb ( ppb (*=18 *=18 m)m)

1x101x101010 ppb ( ppb (*= 1 *= 1 m)m)

No radiation problem for 10kGy by a “year” operation with this luminosityNo radiation problem for 10kGy by a “year” operation with this luminosity


From R. Bailey From R. Bailey presentation at presentation at January 2007 TAN workshop January 2007 TAN workshop

Stage 1Stage 1

Optimal conditions for LHCf running!Optimal conditions for LHCf running!


LHCf proposed running LHCf proposed running scenarioscenario Phase-IPhase-I

Run since the very beginning of LHC Run since the very beginning of LHC operations (Stage 1, 43 bunches)operations (Stage 1, 43 bunches)

Remove the detector for radiation issues Remove the detector for radiation issues when the machine goes to the Stage II when the machine goes to the Stage II (luminosity reaches 10(luminosity reaches 103131cmcm-2-2ss-1)-1) and and reinstall the 3 Cu bars reinstall the 3 Cu bars

Phase-IIPhase-IIRe-install the detector at the next Re-install the detector at the next

opportunity of low luminosity run after opportunity of low luminosity run after removal of Cu bars (Totem dedicated removal of Cu bars (Totem dedicated runs? Possible LHCf dedicated runs?)runs? Possible LHCf dedicated runs?)

Phase-IIIPhase-IIIFuture extension for p-A, A-A run with Future extension for p-A, A-A run with

upgraded detectors?upgraded detectors?

We are continously in touch with Machine and ATLAS peoples We are continously in touch with Machine and ATLAS peoples to agree on detailed running scenarioto agree on detailed running scenario

LHCf Status Report Measurement of Photons and Neutral Pions in the Very Forward Region of LHC Oscar...

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