Status report of the LHCf experiment:of the LHCf...

9595°° LHCC Meeting LHCC Meeting –– September 24, 2008September 24, 2008

Status reportStatus reportof the LHCf experiment:of the LHCf experiment:of the LHCf experiment:of the LHCf experiment:

preparation for data takingpreparation for data taking

Oscar AdrianiOscar AdrianiINFN Sezione di Firenze INFN Sezione di Firenze

Di ti t di Fi i d ll’U i ità d li St di di FiDi ti t di Fi i d ll’U i ità d li St di di FiDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli Studi di FirenzeDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università degli Studi di Firenze

LHCf Physics Topics LHCf Physics Topics –– Short summary!Short summary!

Experimental measurement: Experimental measurement: –– Precise measurement ofPrecise measurement of γγ andand ππ00 spectra in the very forwardspectra in the very forwardPrecise measurement of Precise measurement of γγ and and ππ spectra in the very forward spectra in the very forward

region at LHCregion at LHC

17177 TeV + 7 TeV in the c.m. frame 7 TeV + 7 TeV in the c.m. frame 10101717 eV in the eV in the laboratory frame:laboratory frame:–– We can better simulate in the biggest’s world laboratory whatWe can better simulate in the biggest’s world laboratory whatWe can better simulate in the biggest s world laboratory what We can better simulate in the biggest s world laboratory what

happens in nature when a Very High Energy Cosmic Ray interacts happens in nature when a Very High Energy Cosmic Ray interacts in the atmospherein the atmosphere

Why in the very forward region?Why in the very forward region?–– Because the dominant contribution to the energy flux in theBecause the dominant contribution to the energy flux in theBecause the dominant contribution to the energy flux in the Because the dominant contribution to the energy flux in the

atmospheric shower development is carried on by the very atmospheric shower development is carried on by the very forward produced particlesforward produced particles

24 Settembre 200824 Settembre 2008 LHCC O. AdrianiLHCC O. Adriani

A ‘practical’ approachA ‘practical’ approachFrom the practical point of view LHCf’s measurements From the practical point of view LHCf’s measurements will be used to calibrate the Monte Carlo codes heavily will be used to calibrate the Monte Carlo codes heavily

d i th C i R l id i th C i R l iused in the Cosmic Ray analysisused in the Cosmic Ray analysis–– VHECR energy spectraVHECR energy spectra

HECR CompositionHECR Composition–– HECR CompositionHECR Composition

AGASA x 0.9HiRes x1.2Yakutsk x 0.75Auger x1 2 (not enough)


Auger x1.2 (not enough)Berezinsky 2007Berezinsky 2007

LHCf: location and detector layoutLHCf: location and detector layout

INTERACTION POINTINTERACTION POINT

IP1 (ATLAS)IP1 (ATLAS)

Detector IIDetector IITungstenTungsten

ScintillatorScintillator

Detector IDetector ITungstenTungsten

ScintillatorScintillatorIP1 (ATLAS)IP1 (ATLAS)

Silicon Silicon μμstripsstripsScintillating fibersScintillating fibers

140 m140 m 140 m140 m

Beam lineBeam line

Detectors should measure energy and position of Detectors should measure energy and position of γγ00from from ππ00 decaysdecays e.m. calorimeters with e.m. calorimeters with

position sensitive layersposition sensitive layers

Two independent detectors on both side of IP1Two independent detectors on both side of IP1RedundancyRedundancyB k d j ti ( i ll bB k d j ti ( i ll b ))


Background rejection (especially beamBackground rejection (especially beam--gas)gas)

LHCf locationLHCf locationDetectorsDetectors installedinstalled inin thethe TANTAN regionregion 140140 mmDetectorsDetectors installedinstalled inin thethe TANTAN region,region, 140140 mmawayaway fromfrom thethe InteractionInteraction Point,Point, inin frontfront ofofluminosityluminosity monitorsmonitors

HereHere thethe beambeam pipepipe splitssplits inin 22separateseparate tubestubes..

ChargedCharged particleparticle areare sweptsweptawayaway byby magnets!!!magnets!!!

WeWe willwill covercover upup toto yy ∞∞


pp yy

Detector #1Detector #1Impact point (Impact point (ηη))22 tt 2424 ll

4 pairs of4 pairs of scintillating scintillating fiber layersfiber layers for trackingfor tracking

Impact point (Impact point (ηη))22 towerstowers 2424 cmcm longlongstackedstacked verticallyvertically withwith 55mmmm gapgap

fiber layers fiber layers for tracking for tracking purpose (6, 10, 32, 38 purpose (6, 10, 32, 38 r.l.)r.l.)

LowerLower:: 22 cmcm xx 22 cmcm areaarea

UpperUpper:: 44 cmcm xx 44 cmcm areaarea

AbsorberAbsorber

22 tungsten layers 22 tungsten layers g yg y7mm 7mm –– 14 mm thick14 mm thick

(W: X(W: X00 = 3.5mm, R= 3.5mm, RMM = 9mm)= 9mm)

16 scintillator layers 16 scintillator layers (3 mm thick)(3 mm thick)EnergyEnergy


Trigger and energy Trigger and energy profile measurementsprofile measurements

Detector # 2Detector # 2We used LHC styleWe used LHC style

4 pairs of 4 pairs of silicon microstrip layerssilicon microstrip layers

We used LHC styleWe used LHC styleelectronics and readoutelectronics and readout 22 towerstowers 2424 cmcm longlong stackedstacked

onon theirtheir edgesedges andand offsetoffset

Impact pointImpact point ((ηη))

(6, 12, 30, 42 r.l.) for tracking (6, 12, 30, 42 r.l.) for tracking purpose (X and Y directions)purpose (X and Y directions)

fromfrom oneone anotheranother

LowerLower:: 22..55 cmcm xx 22..55 cmcm

UU 33 22 33 22UpperUpper:: 33..22 cmcm xx 33..22 cmcm

16 scintillator layers 16 scintillator layers (3 mm thick)(3 mm thick)(3 mm thick)(3 mm thick)

Trigger and energy Trigger and energy profile measurementsprofile measurements

AbsorberAbsorber22 tungsten layers 22 tungsten layers 7mm7mm –– 14 mm thick (214 mm thick (2--4 r.l.)4 r.l.)


7mm 7mm 14 mm thick (214 mm thick (2 4 r.l.)4 r.l.)(W: X(W: X00 = 3.5mm, R= 3.5mm, RMM = 9mm)= 9mm)EnergyEnergy

Final Detectors ready since 2007Final Detectors ready since 2007


Arm#1 DetectorArm#1 Detector Arm#2 DetectorArm#2 Detector

InstallationInstallation

Final installation was completed in January 2008Final installation was completed in January 2008Final installation was completed in January 2008Final installation was completed in January 2008No major problems have been found No major problems have been found

Q t fib f l lib ti h bQ t fib f l lib ti h b i t ll di t ll d–– Quartz fiber for laser calibration has been reQuartz fiber for laser calibration has been re--installedinstalled

Both Arm1 and Arm2 are working fineBoth Arm1 and Arm2 are working fineNo additional noise is found in the detectors, No additional noise is found in the detectors, despite 200 m long power lines and signal cables despite 200 m long power lines and signal cables (for the scintillators)(for the scintillators)


Detectors in placeDetectors in placeI t ll ti f d i t hI t ll ti f d i t hInstallation performed in two phases:Installation performed in two phases:1.1. PrePre--Installation (2007)Installation (2007)

Baking out of the beam pipe (200 Baking out of the beam pipe (200 °°C)C)2.2. Final Installation (Jan 2008)Final Installation (Jan 2008)

LHCfLHCfLHCfLHCf

Luminosity Luminosity M it (BRAN)M it (BRAN)


Monitor (BRAN)Monitor (BRAN)

ATLAS ZDCATLAS ZDC

Front CounterFront Counter

2 fixed Front Counters 2 fixed Front Counters were installed in frontwere installed in frontwere installed in front were installed in front of Arm1 and Arm2of Arm1 and Arm2They will not move withThey will not move withThey will not move with They will not move with Arm1 and Arm2Arm1 and Arm2They are segmented in They are segmented in y gy g2 x and 2 y slices2 x and 2 y slicesVery useful to check Very useful to check the beam quality and the beam quality and hence decide to move hence decide to move Arm1 and Arm2 in theArm1 and Arm2 in theArm1 and Arm2 in the Arm1 and Arm2 in the operating position from operating position from the ‘garage’ positionthe ‘garage’ position


the garage positionthe garage position

After the installation….After the installation….

After the installation was completed, a lot of work on:After the installation was completed, a lot of work on:–– DAQDAQ–– DAQDAQ

•• New VME board to increase DAQ rate up to > 1 KHzNew VME board to increase DAQ rate up to > 1 KHz•• Integration of all the subsystem (Using MIDAS frame)Integration of all the subsystem (Using MIDAS frame)•• Analyzer to check the data quality and online monitorAnalyzer to check the data quality and online monitor

–– Slow control software to control and monitor:Slow control software to control and monitor:•• Power suppliesPower suppliesPower suppliesPower supplies•• ManipulatorManipulator•• Temperature monitorTemperature monitor

–– LHC interface LHC interface •• New NIM style board (CIBU) to send ‘PERMIT’ to LHC (KILL the New NIM style board (CIBU) to send ‘PERMIT’ to LHC (KILL the

beam in case of high rate)beam in case of high rate)g )g )•• Handhshaking software signals (DIP standard) for Injection, Adjust Handhshaking software signals (DIP standard) for Injection, Adjust

and Beam Dumpand Beam Dump•• LHCf Physics information (beam position, rate, background etc.)LHCf Physics information (beam position, rate, background etc.)


LHCf Physics information (beam position, rate, background etc.)LHCf Physics information (beam position, rate, background etc.)

Synchronization with AtlasSynchronization with AtlasT h th ibilit t id tif th tT h th ibilit t id tif th tTo have the possibility to identify the events common To have the possibility to identify the events common with Atlas we implemented a synchronization method with Atlas we implemented a synchronization method based on the L1A signal generated by Atlas.based on the L1A signal generated by Atlas.based on the L1A signal generated by Atlas. based on the L1A signal generated by Atlas. We receive Atlas L1A and we store the time stamp of this We receive Atlas L1A and we store the time stamp of this signal in our DAQ system.signal in our DAQ system.g Q yg Q yWe can really correlate the Atlas events with the LHCf We can really correlate the Atlas events with the LHCf ones!ones!


Atlas Bunch ID Atlas Bunch ID –– LHCf Bunch IdLHCf Bunch Id

An Update on the 2007 SPS Beam TestAn Update on the 2007 SPS Beam TestTest was very successful!!!!Test was very successful!!!!

CERN : SPS T2 H4CERN : SPS T2 H4August/September 2007August/September 2007I id t P ti lI id t P ti l

Test was very successful!!!!Test was very successful!!!!Energy calibration of the Energy calibration of the

calorimeterscalorimetersIncident ParticlesIncident Particles––ProtonProton 150,350 GeV/c150,350 GeV/c––Electron 50, 100, 150, 200 GeV/cElectron 50, 100, 150, 200 GeV/c

Spatial resolution of the Spatial resolution of the tracking systemstracking systems

ii, , ,, , ,

––Muon 150 GeV/cMuon 150 GeV/c

SetupSetup

Results were partially Results were partially published on JINST:published on JINST:2008 JINST 3 S080062008 JINST 3 S08006

LHCf LHCf D t tD t t

SiliconSiliconT kT k

SetupSetup 2008 JINST 3 S080062008 JINST 3 S08006

DetectorDetector TrackerTracker

TriggerTrigger


Moving TableMoving TableTrigger Trigger ScintillatorScintillator

Energy ResolutionEnergy Resolution2 x 2 cm2 x 2 cm22 towertower

2 5 x 2 5 cm2 5 x 2 5 cm22 towertower2.5 x 2.5 cm2.5 x 2.5 cm towertower

Energy resolution < 3% even Energy resolution < 3% even for the smallest tower!for the smallest tower!


ππ00 reconstructionreconstructionγγ350 GeV Proton beam350 GeV Proton beam Not in scale!Not in scale!

9.15 m9.15 m

γγCarbon target (3 cm)Carbon target (3 cm)

in the slot used for beam monitorin the slot used for beam monitor Arm1Arm1

Not in scale!Not in scale!

in the slot used for beam monitorin the slot used for beam monitor>10>1077 proton on target (special setting from the SPS people)proton on target (special setting from the SPS people)

Dedicated trigger on both towers of the calorimeter has been usedDedicated trigger on both towers of the calorimeter has been used

Shower Profile @ First SciFi LayerShower Profile @ First SciFi LayerCalorimeters Calorimeters 40mm

Egamma=18GeV X Y

20mm

X YEgamma=46GeV


ππ00 mass reconstructionmass reconstruction≈≈ 250 250 ππ00 events triggered (in a quite big background) and on diskevents triggered (in a quite big background) and on disk

(MeV)Main problems: Main problems: –– low photon energy (low photon energy (≥≥ 20 20

ΔΔmm 8 MeV8 MeV


GeV) GeV) –– Direct protons in the towersDirect protons in the towers

Multi hits in the same towerMulti hits in the same tower

ΔΔm m ~ 8 MeV~ 8 MeVΔΔm/m m/m ~ 6%~ 6%

ARM1 Position resolutionARM1 Position resolutiont

200 GeV electrons

σσxx=172=172 μμmm

σ x[m

m]

er o

f ev

ent σσxx μμ

σ

Nu

mb

e

x-pos[mm]

σσ =159=159 μμmm

E[GeV]

[mm]

of e

ven

t

σσyy=159 =159 μμmmσ y

[

Nu

mb

er


y-pos[mm]E[GeV]

ARM2 Position ARM2 Position ResolutionResolution

Position Resolution X Side

120

Data

60

80

100

(mic

rons

)

DataSimulation Spread Out200 GeV electrons

20

40

60

Res

olut

ion

40400

20

0 50 100 150 200 250Energy (GeV)

σσxx=40 =40 μμmm

x-pos[mm]Position Resolution Y Side

140

160

Data

6464 80

100

120

(mic

rons

)

DataSimulation Spread Out

σσyy=64 =64 μμmm

40

60

80

Res

olut

ion


y-pos[mm]0

20

0 50 100 150 200 250Energy (GeV)

Alignment has been taken into accountAlignment has been taken into account

From the 2007 SPS beam test From the 2007 SPS beam test analysis we can conclude that the analysis we can conclude that the detectors fulfill the requirementsdetectors fulfill the requirementsdetectors fulfill the requirements detectors fulfill the requirements

to reach the physics goals to reach the physics goals indicated in the TDRindicated in the TDR


Preparation for data takingPreparation for data takingThe LHCf control room has been prepared and fully The LHCf control room has been prepared and fully

FurnituresFurnituresTelephonesTelephonesAir conditionerAir conditioner

p p yp p yequipped in the Atlas areaequipped in the Atlas area

Air conditionerAir conditionerNetworkNetworkComputersComputersPrintersPrintersPrintersPrinters…………


Dummy eventDummy event


Communications with LHCCommunications with LHCLHCf d i l t LHC th h th DIP tLHCf d i l t LHC th h th DIP tLHCf sends signals to LHC through the DIP system.LHCf sends signals to LHC through the DIP system.Link have been tested and it works fine!Link have been tested and it works fine!

Important for machine tuning!Important for machine tuning!Experimental status (On/Off, Gain, etc.)Experimental status (On/Off, Gain, etc.)Detector position (Garage/Operating, position in mm, etc.) Detector position (Garage/Operating, position in mm, etc.)

Important for machine tuning! Important for machine tuning!

Luminosity rate (Single and Double Arm)Luminosity rate (Single and Double Arm)Front Counter rate (single Arm double Arm coincidence)Front Counter rate (single Arm double Arm coincidence)–– Front Counter rate (single Arm, double Arm coincidence)Front Counter rate (single Arm, double Arm coincidence)

–– Small tower rate (single Arm)Small tower rate (single Arm)–– Big tower rate (single Arm)Big tower rate (single Arm)–– Double Arm coincidence rate (FC.AND.Towers in opposite sides)Double Arm coincidence rate (FC.AND.Towers in opposite sides)

Horizontal and Vertical position of the Beam (every 10000 events orHorizontal and Vertical position of the Beam (every 10000 events orHorizontal and Vertical position of the Beam (every 10000 events or Horizontal and Vertical position of the Beam (every 10000 events or in the whole RUN)in the whole RUN)


Injection InhibitInjection InhibitHandshaking signals (Injection, Adjust, Beam Dump)Handshaking signals (Injection, Adjust, Beam Dump)

We are ready for data takingWe are ready for data takingOn September 10 we observed some signals on FrontOn September 10 we observed some signals on FrontOn September 10 we observed some signals on Front On September 10 we observed some signals on Front Counters, with Arm1 and Arm2 in garage position for Counters, with Arm1 and Arm2 in garage position for safety reasonssafety reasonsyy–– That day the Atlas BPTX signal was still not available That day the Atlas BPTX signal was still not available

(no info on the real bunches in the Atlas zone)(no info on the real bunches in the Atlas zone)On September 11 Atlas gave us the synchronized BPTX On September 11 Atlas gave us the synchronized BPTX signals, and we could take Front Counter data by using signals, and we could take Front Counter data by using this signal (still in garage position)this signal (still in garage position)We are measuring BeamWe are measuring Beam--Gas from the Beam2 on Arm1 Gas from the Beam2 on Arm1

ididsideside


Front Counter signalsFront Counter signals


ConclusionsConclusions

A lot of work has been done in 2008A lot of work has been done in 2008Installation completedInstallation completedPreparation for running completedPreparation for running completedIdentification of events common to Atlas and Identification of events common to Atlas and LHCf is okLHCf is okFirst beam gas events acquiredFirst beam gas events acquiredWe are ready to send our info to LHC for beamWe are ready to send our info to LHC for beamWe are ready to send our info to LHC for beam We are ready to send our info to LHC for beam tuningtuning


Spare slidesSpare slides

The LHCf CollaborationThe LHCf Collaboration

USAUSALBNL Berkeley:LBNL Berkeley:

CERNCERND.Macina, A.L. PerrotD.Macina, A.L. Perrot

yyW. TurnerW. Turner

FRANCEFRANCEEcole Politechnique Paris:Ecole Politechnique Paris:M HaguenauerM Haguenauer

JAPAN:JAPAN:SPAINSPAINIFIC Valencia:IFIC Valencia:

M. HaguenauerM. Haguenauer

ITALYITALYFirenze University and INFN:Firenze University and INFN:

JJSTE Laboratory Nagoya University:STE Laboratory Nagoya University:K.Fukui,Y.Itow, T.Mase, K.Fukui,Y.Itow, T.Mase, K.Masuda,Y.Matsubara, H.Menjo,T.Sako, K.Masuda,Y.Matsubara, H.Menjo,T.Sako, K T ki H W t bK T ki H W t b

A.Fauss, J.VelascoA.Fauss, J.Velasco

Firenze University and INFN:Firenze University and INFN:O.Adriani,, L.Bonechi, M.Bongi, O.Adriani,, L.Bonechi, M.Bongi, G.Castellini, R.D’Alessandro, G.Castellini, R.D’Alessandro, P.Papini, S. Ricciarini, A. VicianiP.Papini, S. Ricciarini, A. Viciani

K.Taki, H. WatanabeK.Taki, H. WatanabeWaseda University:Waseda University: K. Kasahara, M. Mizuishi, K. Kasahara, M. Mizuishi, Y.Shimizu, S.ToriiY.Shimizu, S.ToriiKonan University:Konan University:Y.MurakiY.Muraki


p , ,p , ,Catania University and INFN:Catania University and INFN:A.TricomiA.Tricomi

yyKanagawa University Yokohama: Kanagawa University Yokohama: T.TamuraT.TamuraShibaura Institute of Technology:Shibaura Institute of Technology: K. YoshidaK. Yoshida

Radiation Damage StudiesRadiation Damage Studies

Scintillating fibers and scintillatorsScintillating fibers and scintillatorsgg

•• Expected dose: 100 Gy/day at 10Expected dose: 100 Gy/day at 103030 cmcm--22ss--11

•• Few months @ 10Few months @ 103030 cmcm--22ss--11: 10 kGy: 10 kGy•• 50% light output50% light output50% light output50% light output•• Continous monitor and calibration with Continous monitor and calibration with

Laser system!!!Laser system!!!

24 Settembre 200824 Settembre 2008 LHCC O. AdrianiLHCC O. Adriani30 kGy30 kGy

LHCf : Monte Carlo discriminationLHCf : Monte Carlo discrimination

66101066 generated LHC interactions generated LHC interactions 1 Minute exposure@101 Minute exposure@102929 cmcm--22ss--11 luminosity luminosity

Discrimination between various models Discrimination between various models is feasible in a very short timeis feasible in a very short time

Quantitative Quantitative discrimination with discrimination with the help of a properly the help of a properly defined defined χχ22

discriminating discriminating variable based on the variable based on the spectrum shape spectrum shape (see TDR for details)(see TDR for details)

5% Energy resolution5% Energy resolution


‘Analysis’ of Beam Gas events‘Analysis’ of Beam Gas events

We got 116 FC triggers in 8.275.034 BPTX: NWe got 116 FC triggers in 8.275.034 BPTX: Ntt=116=1162.102.1099 protons/bunch protons/bunch ppTotal # of protons: NTotal # of protons: Npp=1.7 x 10=1.7 x 101616

We try to estimate the gas densityWe try to estimate the gas density ρρ from this rate:from this rate:We try to estimate the gas density We try to estimate the gas density ρρ from this rate:from this rate:NNtt=N=Npp* L * * L * σσ * * ρρ

L=effective lenght L=effective lenght ~ 100 m~ 100 mσσ=Cross section =Cross section ~ 80 mbarn = 80 x 10~ 80 mbarn = 80 x 10--3131 mm22

We find:We find: ρρ = 8 5 x 10= 8 5 x 101212 H/mH/m33 = 4 2 x 10= 4 2 x 101212 HH /m/m33We find: We find: ρρ = 8.5 x 10= 8.5 x 10 H/mH/m = 4.2 x 10= 4.2 x 10 HH22/m/m

From the LHC Project Report #783: From the LHC Project Report #783: ρρ = 10= 101212 HH22/m/m33

From the pressure measurement in April 2008: From the pressure measurement in April 2008: ρρ ~~ 10101212 HH22/m/m33

~~ CONSISTENT!!!!!!!!!!!!!CONSISTENT!!!!!!!!!!!!!


~ ~ CONSISTENT!!!!!!!!!!!!!CONSISTENT!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Estimate of the backgroundEstimate of the background

beambeam--beam pipebeam pipeEE (signal) > 200 GeV OK(signal) > 200 GeV OKE E γγ(signal) > 200 GeV, OK(signal) > 200 GeV, OKbackground background < 1% < 1%

beambeam--gasgasIt depends on the beam conditionIt depends on the beam conditionppbackground background < 1% (< 1% (under 10under 10--1010 Torr)Torr)

b h lb h l b ib ibeam halobeam halo--beam pipebeam pipeIt has been newly estimated from the beam loss rateIt has been newly estimated from the beam loss rate


Background Background < 10%< 10% (conservative value)(conservative value)

LHCf LHCf performancesperformances: : ππ00 geometrical geometrical acceptanceacceptancepp

Arm #1Arm #1

Arm #2Arm #2


LHCf performances: energy spectrum of LHCf performances: energy spectrum of ππ00

T i l l ti fT i l l ti f i 3 % t 1 T Vi 3 % t 1 T V


Typical energy resolution of Typical energy resolution of γγ is 3 % at 1 TeVis 3 % at 1 TeV

Transverse projection in TAN slotTransverse projection in TAN slot

ARM1: Maximization of the ARM1: Maximization of the acceptance for vertical beam acceptance for vertical beam di l t ( idi l t ( idisplacement (crossing displacement (crossing angle>0)angle>0)

ARM2: Maximization of the ARM2: Maximization of the acceptance in R (distance acceptance in R (distance f b t )f b t )


from beam center)from beam center)

LHCf: model dependence of LHCf: model dependence of neutron energy distributionneutron energy distributionneutron energy distributionneutron energy distribution

Original n energyOriginal n energy 30% energy resolution30% energy resolutionOriginal n energyOriginal n energy 30% energy resolution30% energy resolution


Energy ResolutionEnergy ResolutionMonte CarloMonte Carlort

icle

srt

icle

s Test Beam Test Beam

Distance from EdgeDistance from EdgeN P

arN

Par

E di t ib ti iE di t ib ti i


Energy distribution is Energy distribution is corrected for leakagecorrected for leakage

MC predicts that the MC predicts that the leakage is energy independent!leakage is energy independent!

Simulation vs Simulation vs DataDataDataData

150 GeV 150 GeV μμ

Energy released in the Energy released in the 44°° i till ti li till ti l44°° scintillation layerscintillation layer

Simulation is verySimulation is verySimulation is very Simulation is very well understood!well understood!100 GeV e100 GeV e--


While waiting for collisionsWhile waiting for collisions……..ProtonProton

A short comment on new A short comment on new models:models:PICCO EPOSPICCO EPOS

ProtonProton

PICCO, EPOSPICCO, EPOS

Very big interest in LHCf data Very big interest in LHCf data d i thi h i fi ldd i thi h i fi ld

Drescher, Physical Review D77, Drescher, Physical Review D77, 056003 (2008)056003 (2008)

and in this physics fieldand in this physics field

056003 (2008)056003 (2008)

NeutronNeutron ππ00


ARM2ARM2--Silicon Energy ResolutionSilicon Energy Resolution

200 GeV electrons200 GeV electrons200 GeV electrons200 GeV electronsSPS beam test data SPS beam test data

ΔΔE/E E/E ~~ 12%12%

Total energy measured in silicon (ADC)Total energy measured in silicon (ADC)


By looking only at the silicon energy measured, we have an energy resolution By looking only at the silicon energy measured, we have an energy resolution ~ 10%!!!!!~ 10%!!!!!We can use it as a check for the radiation damage of the scintillators We can use it as a check for the radiation damage of the scintillators

Status report of the LHCf experiment:of the LHCf...

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