LHC Performance Projection

The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the High Luminosity LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.

LHC Performance Projection

1HL-LHC WP2 Task Leader Meeting, 11th June 2013 Oliver Brüning BE-ABP CERN

Thanks to Mike Lamont and Lucio Rossi

The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the High Luminosity LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.

HL-LHC WP2 Task Leader Meeting, 11th June 2013

Oliver Brüning BE-ABP CERN 3HL-LHC WP2 Task Leader Meeting, 11th June 2013

• 130 days/year in the year following a long shutdown

• 160 days/year in nominal long year

• 0.2 Hubner factor up to LS3

• 25 ns BCMS for run II - 1.4e34 max. in 2015

• 25 ns ultimate intensity for run III

Assumptions:


Low emittance Beams from the PS• 50 and 25 ns options (BCMS Batch Compression, Merging and Splitting)• Tested at end of 2012 run (50ns case shown below)• Robustness and operability still to be proven

1.5 micron

2.5 micron

BCMS

Nominal 50 ns

Test 4th December –Emittance from CMS luminosity


Beam from injectors LS1 to LS2

Heiko Damerau, Steve Hancock, Alan Findlay

BCMS = Batch Compression, Merging and Splitting

Almost a factor 2 gain in Beam Brightness at the ‘cost’ of 10% less bunches!

Bunch intensity[1011 p/b]

Emittance[mm.mrad]

Exit SPS

Into collisions

25 ns ~nominal 2760 1.15 2.8 3.7525 ns BCMS 2520 1.15 1.4 1.950 ns 1380 1.65 1.7 2.350 ns BCMS 1260 1.6 1.2 1.6


Post LS1 – LHC potential performance

• 6.5 TeV• 1.1 ns bunch length• 150 days proton physics, HF = 0.2• 85 mb visible cross-section• * different operational model – caveat - unproven

All numbers approximate

Number of

bunches

Bunch intensity

LHC [1e11]

b*X/b*sep/Xangle

EmitLHC

[mm]Peak Lumi[cm-2s-1] ~Pile-up

Int. Lumi per year

[fb-1]

25 ns 2760 1.15 55/43/189 3.75 0.93 x 1034 25 ~24

25 nslow emit 2520 1.15 45/43/149 1.9 1.7 x 1034 52 ~45

50 ns 1380 1.6 42/43/136 2.51.6 x 1034

level to0.8 x 1034

87 level to

44 ~40*

50 nslow emit 1260 1.6 38/43/115 1.6

2.3 x 1034

level to0.8 x 1034

138 level to

44~40*


Performance from injectors 2012

Bunch spacing

[ns]Protons per bunch

[ppb]

Norm. emittance H&V

[microns]Exit SPS

50 1.7 x 1011 1.825 1.2 x 1011 2.7

N.B. the importance of 50 ns in the performance so far.This at the expense of high pile-up.

(And they are in the process of re-inventing themselves again)


LHC performance: summary 2012Number of bunches 1380 • Given by 50 ns

Bunch spacing 50 ns • Exploiting important advantage that high bunch intensities bring (luminosity proportional to Ib

2)• No electron cloud effect

Bunch intensity 1.7e11 ppb

• 150% of nominal• NB can collide these intensities without

problems!!! (but with less long range BB)Total intensity 2.2e14 • 70% of nominal – some issues observed

Normalized emittance 2.5 microns

• 67% of nominal – again injector performance and ability to conserve PSB-PS-SPS(-LHC)

Beta* 60 cm • Aggressive, exploiting:• Available aperture and machine quality• Tight collimator settings• Stability

Oliver Brüning BE-ABP CERN 9HL-LHC WP2 Task Leader Meeting, 11th June 2013 9

Availiability

Alick Macpherson


RLIUP : Review of the LHC and Injector Upgrade Performance

• Review the expected performance evolution based on the Run-I experience

• Compare different upgrade implementations

• Update the shut down planning for the LHC, it’s injector complex and the experiments in view of the above and create ONE coherent plan (LINAC4, LIU activities, experiments, LHC etc)


RLIUP : Review of the LHC and Injector Upgrade Performance

• Operation of LHC as it is, with normal consolidation

• Upgrade:• Addition of PIC : Performance Improving

Consolidation ( 1000-1200 fb-1)• Addition of Upgrade Scenario 1 ( 2000 fb-1)• Addition of Upgrade Scenario 2 ( 3000 fb-1)

The same scheme applies for LIU


Review Program:• Session 1: Experiments experience and expectations

Mike Lamont and Austin Ball

• Session 2: Performance after LS1 and once Linac4 is connected to the PSB

Gianluigi Arduini and Stephen Hancock

• Session 3: PICs and Upgrade scenario 1

Malika Meddahi and Lucio Rossi

• Session 4: Upgrade scenario 2

Brennan Goddard and Roland Garoby

• Session 5: Ion related upgrade plans

Massimiliano Ferro-Luzzi and Oliver Brüning

• Session 6: Summary and Conclusions


2015Any time after 2016 in // with

ions

Dates & duration tbd by

Eqt Groups2021 or later 2021 or later

Post-LS1Linac4-PSB connection

PICsUpgrade

scenario 1Upgrade

scenario 2

Ions specific

upgradesComments

MACHINE Actions 2 GeV 2 GeVPSB Magnets % %

LL RF % HL RF pure consolidation

Power converters L4 injection Power converters ring, extraction & TL % partly cons, partly for 2 GeV

Beam instrumentation % % % Beam intercepting devices Linac4 injection 2 GeV extraction and transfer Vacuum % % Electrical Systems Cooling and Ventilation % % Installation, Transport and Handling Civil Engineering Interlock Systems Control

PS Beam Instrumentation % Magnets % Transverse damper Longitudinal damper Radiation shielding Power converters % Beam dumps 2 GeV injection RF % % %

SPS Machine interlocks 800 MHz upgrade Improved vacuum sectorisation LSS1 Scraper Beam Instrumentation Transverse damper Improved vacuum sectorisation arcs New TIDVG core Kicker impedance reduction SPS and TI2/TI8 protection devices Depending on beam brightness/I

200 MHz upgrade ??? Needed if above ~1.5e11 at 25 ns

Wide band transverse damper External high energy beam dump New collimation system ??? Probably not needed for LIU beams

New MKE extraction ??? Review pending

aC coating of vacuum chambers ??? To be decided in 2014/15

Upgrade injection damper for ions 50 (100 ?) ns rise time kickers (ions) Shutdown after LS2

Linac3 & LEIR 10 Hz cycling rate LINAC3 multiple charge acceleration LS2

LEIR e-cooler upgrade (?) LS2

LEIR beam dump LS2

LHC

30 fb-1 300 <300-400 fb-1 <300-400 fb-1

>2000 fb-1 3000 fb-1

Starting date

SAM

E A

S sc

enar

io 1

SAM

E A

S sc

enar

io 1

Upgrade matrix (for discussion)


2015 2021 or later 2021 or later

Comments

MACHINEPSB Magnets % %

LL RF % HL RFPower converters L4 injection Power converters ring, extraction & TL % partly cons, partly for 2 GeV

Beam instrumentation % % % Beam intercepting devices Linac4 injection 2 GeV extraction and transfer Vacuum % % Electrical Systems Cooling and Ventilation % % Installation, Transport and Handling Civil Engineering Interlock Systems Control

PS Beam Instrumentation % Magnets % Transverse damper Longitudinal damper Radiation shielding Power converters % Beam dumps 2 GeV injection RF % % %

SPS Machine interlocks 800 MHz upgrade Improved vacuum sectorisation LSS1 Scraper Beam Instrumentation Transverse damper Improved vacuum sectorisation arcs New TIDVG core Kicker impedance reduction SPS and TI2/TI8 protection devices Depending on beam brightness/I

200 MHz upgrade ??? Needed if above ~1.5e11 at 25 ns

Wide band transverse damper External high energy beam dump New collimation system ??? Probably not needed for LIU beams

New MKE extraction ??? Review pending

aC coating of vacuum chambers ??? To be decided in 2014/15

Upgrade injection damper for ions 50 (100 ?) ns rise time kickers (ions) Shutdown after LS2

Linac3 & LEIR 10 Hz cycling rate LINAC3 multiple charge acceleration LS2

LEIR e-cooler upgrade (?) LS2

LEIR beam dump LS2

LHC Higher harmonic RF ??? Collim. In dispersion suppressors. ??? Crab cavities Matching section remodelling New triplets & D1 Exp area Collimators upgrade Cryolink Cryo upgrade kicker, TDI, TCDI… ??? Interlocks & QPS ??? Beam Diagnostics e-lens BBLR ??? ??? Stochastic cooling ???

30 fb-1 300 <300-400 fb-1 <300-400 fb-1300-600

(reliability!)1000 - 1200 fb-1 >2000 fb-1 3000 fb-1Integrated Luminosity in 2035 (goals)

CostSA

ME

AS

scen

ario

1

Integ. Lumi. at starting date

LHC Performance Projection

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