LHC Idioma Tecnico

8/12/2019 LHC Idioma Tecnico

1/11

UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

DEPARTAMENTO DE INGLES

IDIOMA TECNICO 1

THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

NAME:Cristbal de Jess Castellanos BlancoID: 201212836TEACHER:Andrea GrimaldiDATE:September 24th2012


2/11

INDEX

Objectives 1

Introduction.. 2

Content. 37

Conclusions. 8

Bibliography. 9


3/11

OBJECTIVES

To known as the "LHC" can detect the smallest particles that exist in the

material and to know, how was the origin of the universe in scientific words.

Know the different programs that make that this plant can function. And

may perform different experiments that make science each day grows in

knowledge and that these results can be for humans.

Be informed of the risks that such experiments require large scale. since

this is a central located in the center of a city and all this experiments that

scientists do can go wrong as this can harm the people living in different

there.

Page. 1


4/11

INTRODUCCION

In the following work will be released what is "The Large Hadrons Collider" and its

main features, how used it, and the different types of programs that exist today.

This is a machine with the purpose of breaking the known laws of the Universe.

The aim is to reveal the infinitesimally small particles, previously unknown, and

who wrote the rules of what is today the cosmos. Also the process required to

operate this machine. Is very important to note that this is a delicate process that

must be supervised 24 hours. And also to be aware of what is happening in the

world and that many people are unaware of the existence of this plant that is

underground.

Page. 2


5/11

THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

To detect the smallest particles that make up matter has been to build the largest

and most powerful machine in the world. The Large Hadrons Collider, buried under

the French-Swiss border. Their goal: to recreate the first trillionth of a second

elapsed after the Big Bang gave birth to the universe.

The LHC (Large Hadrons Collider) is an international project, in which the UK has

a leading role. This is a machine with the purpose of breaking the known laws of

the Universe. Two beams of subatomic particles called "hadrons"either protons

or lead ionstravel in opposite directions inside the circular accelerator, gaining

energy with every lap. Physicists use the LHC to recreate the conditions just after

the Big Bang, by colliding the two beams head-on at very high energy. Teams of

physicists from around the world then analyze the particles created in the collisions

using special detectors in a number of experiments dedicated to the LHC.

Page. 3


6/11

HOW THE LHC WORKS:

The aim of the LHC is to reveal the infinitesimally small particles, previously

unknown, and who wrote the rules of what is today the cosmos. Whatever forms of

matter and the laws and forces governing the universe some 14 billion years, will

come to life again and again briefly and, if all goes well, leaving their footprints in

mountains of computers.

The LHC, the worlds largest and most powerful particle accelerator is the latest

addition toCERNs accelerator complex.It mainly consists of a 27-kilometre ring of

superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the

energy of the particles along the way. Inside the accelerator, two beams of

particles travel at close to the speed of light with very high energies before colliding

with one another. The beams travel in opposite directions in separate beam pipes

two tubes kept at ultrahigh vacuum. They are guided around the accelerator ring

by a strong magnetic field, achieved using superconducting electromagnets. These

are built from coils of special electric cable that operates in a superconducting

state, efficiently conducting electricity without resistance or loss of energy. This

requires chilling the magnets to about -271Ca temperature colder than outer

Page. 4
http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/Research/AccelComplex-en.htmlhttp://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/Research/AccelComplex-en.htmlhttp://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/Research/AccelComplex-en.htmlhttp://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/Research/AccelComplex-en.html


7/11

Space. For this reason, much of the accelerator is connected to a distribution

system of liquid helium, which cools the magnets, as well as to other supply

services.

Within the circular tunnel "LCH", two beams of protons are accelerated in the

opposite direction.

When they reach the maximum speed close to that of light, there is a collision.

The shock generates thousands of new particles, the detectors of the "LCH"(ATLAS, CMS and LHCb). Involved of identify and measure. Particles traversingthe detector leave behind a characteristic protons or "signatures" that allow theiridentification.

Page. 5


8/11

HEAVY-ION PHYSICS AT THE LHC:

In the LHC heavy-ion programme, beams of heavy nuclei ("ions") collide at

energies up to 30 times higher than in previous laboratory experiments. In these

heavy-ion collisions, matter is heated to more than 100,000 times the temperature

at the centre of the Sun, reaching conditions that existed in the first microseconds

after the Big Bang. The aim of the heavy-ion programme at the LHC is to produce

this matter at the highest temperatures and densities ever studied in the laboratory,

and to investigate its properties in detail. This is expected to lead to basic new

insights into the nature of the strong interaction between fundamental particles.

THE LHC EXPERIMENTS:

The six experiments at the LHC are all run by international collaborations, bringing

together scientists from institutes all over the world. Each experiment is distinct,

characterized by its unique particle detector.

The two large experiments, ATLAS and CMS, are based on general-purpose

detectors to analyze the myriad of particles produced by the collisions in the

accelerator. They are designed to investigate the largest range of physics possible.Having two independently designed detectors is vital for cross-confirmation of any

new discoveries made.

Page. 6


9/11

Two medium-size experiments, ALICE and LHCb, have specialized detectors for

analyzing the LHC collisions in relation to specific phenomena.

Two further experiments, TOTEM and LHCf, are much smaller in size. They are

designed to focus on "forward particles" (protons or heavy ions). These are

particles that just brush past each other as the beams collide, rather than meeting

head-on.

The ATLAS, CMS, ALICE and LHCb detectors are installed in four huge

underground caverns located around the ring of the LHC. The detectors used by

the TOTEM experiment are positioned near the CMS detector, whereas those usedby LHCf are near the ATLAS detector.

Page. 7


10/11

CONCLUSIONS

This project entails great responsibilities as it is talking about large amountsof energy emitted by this collider that cannot be released to the surface and

could cause serious harm to people. That's why is underground for

scientists can work well without any complications.

Is impressive to know that in this collider can detect smaller particles that

form matter. And know that this can be achieved by rotating two beams of

protons that can almost reach the speed of light are of great admiration.

Page. 8


11/11

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PAGES VIEWED:

ngela Posada, Patricia Vicente,

http://www.muyinteresante.es/rcs/minisites/2009/lhc/cronica.html

[Consultation: September 24th2012]

Copyright CERN 2008 -Web Communications,DSU-CO

http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.html

[Consultation: September 24th2012]

Page. 9
http://www.muyinteresante.es/rcs/minisites/2009/lhc/cronica.htmlhttp://www.muyinteresante.es/rcs/minisites/2009/lhc/cronica.htmlhttp://cern.ch/cern-copyright/mailto:[email protected]://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.htmlhttp://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.htmlhttp://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/lhc-en.htmlmailto:[email protected]://cern.ch/cern-copyright/http://www.muyinteresante.es/rcs/minisites/2009/lhc/cronica.html

LHC Idioma Tecnico

Documents

Transcript of LHC Idioma Tecnico