ç–l¢H† —ç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016 - Kendriya Vidyalaya AFS … Naliya.pdf3 E:\YOGESH\Kendriya...

$: ç–l¢H† —ç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016 - Kendriya Vidyalaya AFS … Naliya.pdf3 E:\YOGESH\Kendriya Vidyalaya All\Vidyalaya Patrika\Naliya / Patrika (Naliya) dddddddddddddddddddddddd The$
1

E:\YOGESH\Kendriya Vidyalaya All\Vidyalaya Patrika\Naliya / Patrika (Naliya)

dddddddddddddddddddddddd

ç±l¢H² Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016ç±l¢H² Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016ç±l¢H² Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016ç±l¢H² Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016ç±l¢H² Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016l CHIEF PATRONSCHIEF PATRONSCHIEF PATRONSCHIEF PATRONSCHIEF PATRONS l

MR. JAMUNA PRASADAssistant Commissioner

KVS (AR)

SMT. A. P. BHALLADeputy Commissioner

KVS (AR)

l PATRONSPATRONSPATRONSPATRONSPATRONS l

AIR CMDE S ANTONYChairman (VMC)

AFS Naliya

l EDITORIAL BOARDEDITORIAL BOARDEDITORIAL BOARDEDITORIAL BOARDEDITORIAL BOARD l

l COVER DESIGN & PHOTOGRAPHCOVER DESIGN & PHOTOGRAPHCOVER DESIGN & PHOTOGRAPHCOVER DESIGN & PHOTOGRAPHCOVER DESIGN & PHOTOGRAPH l

MR. S. P. PATILAssistant Commissioner

KVS (AR)

l CO-PATRONCO-PATRONCO-PATRONCO-PATRONCO-PATRON l

SH. SHASHIKANT / �¢è à¢çà¢ÜU¢�¼Principal / Ðí¢�¢²ü

l EDITORSEDITORSEDITORSEDITORSEDITORS l

çã�Îè ç±|¢¢x¢��Îí ÐíÜU¢à¢ Ú¢�¢±¼ SÝ¢.çà¢. (çã�Îè)

�¢è �æÎèÐ ±¢Í¢ïH¢ Ðí¢. çà¢.

¥æx¢íï�è ç±|¢¢x¢�¢è �éÚï�Îí ÜUé}¢¢Ú �ñÝè

SÝ¢¼ÜU¢ï�¢Ú çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (¥æx¢íï�è)

�æSÜUë¼ ç±|¢¢x¢�¢è Ú¢}¢çÝ±¢� }¢¢HèÐí.SÝ¢.çà¢. (�æSÜUë¼)

�¢è �ï¼Ú¢}¢ Ï¢ñÚ±¢, Ðí.SÝ¢.çà¢. (ÜU.çà¢.)

��

CHIEF EDITOR / }¢éw² �æÐ¢ÎÜU�¢è ��Îí ÐíÜU¢à¢ Ú¢�¢±¼SÝ¢¼ÜU¢ï�¢Ú çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (çã�Îè)

MR. R. M. BHABHORAssistant Commissioner

KVS (AR)

Air Force Station, Naliya, Kutch-Gujarat

l À¢~¢ �}Ð¢ÎÜU l}¢¢. MÐïà¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú, ÜUÿ¢¢ - Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-¥

�é�¢è à¢¢çHÝè ÜUé}¢¢Úè, ÜUÿ¢¢ - Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢

2



STAFF LIST (2016-17)

Sr. No. Name Designation

1. MR. SHASHIKANT PRINCIPAL2. Mrs. Nisha Bahra PGT (CS)3. Mr. D. M. Tripathi PGT (Hist.)4. Mr. Puneet PGT (Bio)5. Mr. S. K. Saini PGT (English)6. Mr. M. K. Gehlot PGT (Eco.)7. Mr. C. P. Rajawat PGT (Hindi)8. Mr. Laxmi Lal Suthar PGT (Maths)9. Mr. Mahipal Singh PGT (Chem)10. Mr. Ramniwas Mali TGT (Sans.)11. Mr. Sidharth Jain TGT (Bio)12. Mr. Rahul Poonia TGT (SST)13. Mr. K. V. Ramanayya TGT (Maths)14. Mr. Arvind Kumar TGT (Maths)15. Mr. Chetram Bairwa TGT (AE)16. Mr. Sadish Kumar Sharma TGT (P&HE)17. Mr. Muktesh Dulera TGT (Eng)18. Mr. Sudhakar Gupta Libr. TGT19. Mr. Sandeep Vaghela PRT20. Dr. Shweta Rathore PRT (Music)21. Mr. Ketan Rathore PRT22. Mr. Jayesh Ravalia PRT23. Mr. Rajbir Yadav LDC24. Mr. Jairam Jeevabhai Sub-Staff25. Mrs. Mukesh Devi PGT (PS) (Contractual Staff)26. Mrs. Archana Yadav TGT (Hindi) (Contractual Staff)27. Mrs. Sarita Rani PRT (Contractual Staff)28. Mrs. Neelu Shukla PRT (Contractual Staff)29. Ms. Bharti Rathod PRT (Contractual Staff)30. Ms. Shivani Dabhi Comp. Inst. (Contractual Staff)31. Mrs. Harsha C. Nurse (Contractual Staff)

3



The Annual Report 2016It is an immense pleasure for me to present a brief roundupof the in the form of the AnnualReport for the year 2016. Kendriya Vidyalaya is a hub of vibrant activities that turns outindividuals with multifaceted skills with a planned execution of specialized programmesreaching out to all its stake holders. Vidyalaya is a miniature of world conducting a series ofactivities and programmes in the course of a single session. The vidyalaya can boast of ateam of quality dedicated staff of 30, capable of guiding and leading each individual student.On permanent roll we have a total of 19 teachers, 01 LDC and a sub staff supplemented by8 contractual teachers, well-co-ordinated and lead by a very vibrant, young and dynamicprincipal.

Academics are the main story of any educational institute. As we all know, CCE, that isContinuous and Comprehensive Evaluation, has ensured a zero percent failure from class Ito VIII. It is a sense of great pride and fulfillment that our school registered itself in the fewtop schools of Ahemedabad Region ensuring 100% result with quality in both the classes Xand XII for the session 2015-16. Here I would like to emphasize that we have been able toprocure this achievement the fourth consecutive year. Three students of class X secured therare 10 CGPA and were awarded Rs. 5000/- each as an incentive by KVS for their outstandingachievement.

To nurture the innate sporting potential of the students and to build a strong and healthybody, various inter house competitions are held throughout the session which are culminatedin the form of the Annual Sports Day that was celebrated on the 17th of November 2016.The Vidyalaya sends contingents to Cluster, Regional and National levels of Games andSports organized by KVS. This time more than a hundred students went to represent theVidyalaya in various games and sports at Cluster level, out of which 36 students wereselected for the Regional Level. It’s a sense of pride to announce that 05 students of thisvidyalaya went for the KVS National Sports Meet held in bhuvneshwar and Chennai. Apartfrom this, this vidyalaya also hosted the Cluster Level Meet in Volleyball, Table Tennis andBadminton very successfully.

Co-curricular activities are the food for the aesthetic domain. Inter house competitions rangingfrom desk items to stage items are conducted. A variety of competitions like dancing, singing,debate, quiz, rangoli, recitiation etc. were organized for both primary and secondary sectionswhich are culminated in a grand function on the Annual Day of the vidyalaya. The CCAdepartments also co-ordinates the celebration of important occasions like the Hindi Pakhwara,the Sanskrit Saptah, the Independence Day, the Republic Day, the Annual Day etc. Apartfrom inter house activities we do organize many club activities from reading to painting andfrom planting of saplings to inculcating the spirit of National Integrity as the vidyalaya isrunning 13 clubs like Integrity Club, Eco Club, Mathematics Club, Literary Club, SportsClub etc.

4



A library is a fountain of knowledge which will never run dry. It is an intimate mate of astudent. Therefore every year the library is replenished with fresh stock of books. On datethe vidyalaya library has 8000 books on stands. It also subscribes 26 magazines, 18 periodicalsand 04 newspapers. It is hi-tech and fully automated. This year huge improvements weremade in the ICT infrastructure of Vidyalaya purchasing 12 latest computers and 02 visulaizerboards, providing LAN facility to Junior Computer Lab., the Examination Dept. and theMaths Lab., upgrading the broadband speed from 08 MBPS to 16 MBPS. Our websitewww.kvafsnaliya.com is providing all the necessary and important informations.Best efforts are taken to strengthen primary education. Innovative teaching methods withthe help of the latest developments in the field of technology are used to make the classesinteresting, child centric and stress free. The primary department also organized GrandparentsDay, Community Lunch, Film Shows, Sports Meet, Cultural Meet etc. to fill the school lifeof tiny tots with fun and enthusiasm. Computer Aided Learning (CAL) and TechnologyAided Learning (TAL) have become the very integral part of our teaching. Every month anamount of Rs. 1000/- is spent only to procure teaching aids for primary classes.The Scout & Guide is active in vidyalaya. We have a total of 47 scouts, 07 guides, 11 cubsand 16 bulbuls. A series of scout & guide activities are conducted. 06 scouts of vidyalayawere conferred the TritiyaSopan and 03 scouts have qualified for the Rajyapal Purskar thisyear. 02 scouts of the Vidyalaya have been selected to participate in the Rashtrapati Award2016.Our vidyalaya got registered itself in the National Level Social Science Exhibition. 8 modelsand one file got selected to be displayed and One girl of class XI B named KushagriSharma represented the region (Ahmedabad Region) and secured IInd position in this nationallevel exhibition. 02 students of the Vidyalaya represented the cluster for Debate Competitionin the Regional Level Social Science Exhibition. The skit of the vidyalaya also secured the Istposition at the Cluster Level and was represented at the Regional Level. 03 students registeredthe Ist position in the Drawing Competition, Poem Recitation and Sanskrit Shloka Competitionsunder the Language Week Celebrations and participated at the Regional Level.A mass participation of students was observed in other activities in the field of Science anddrawing & painting. 10 students of the Vidyalaya participated in the National Children ScienceCongress (NCSC) 2016. Students also participated in different Olympiads like MathsOlympiad, Green Olympiad, Science Olympiad, Cyber Olympiad. They are also encouragedto participate in the National Talent Search Examination (NTSE) and KishoreVaigyanikProtsahanYojana (KVPY). The Vidyalaya has a rich infrastructure capabale to manage anyevent. Further this is to brief that KVS conducts a minimum of three inspections everyacademic session. With enormous fulfilmentthis is to apprise that the Vidyalaya has beenawarded a VERY GOOD in the Academic Inspection 2016. Finally, this report is to bewound up with a promise from the students and staff of the Vidyalaya to do better than everin the coming session. Report prepared by:

Mr. S K SAINI (PGT - English)

5



Report on Common minimum ProgrammeEducation at the primary level is very important, for it lays the foundation in each

child. To strengthen and sustain the quality of education in primary section, CommonMinimum Programme was implemented by the K.V.S.

Quarterly cluster level meetings of Principals HMs were conducted to provide

opportunity for exchange of ideas among various KVs of the cluster. In every meetingfollow up actions were reviewed and future plans and strategies were formulated.

The following activities were conducted under CMP.

1. Praveshotsav was organized in the month of April to welcome tiny tots ofclass - I and sweet was distributed.

2. To develop co -scholastic skills, various CCA and Sports Activities are regularly

held every Friday.3. To aware the performance of the children, parents are invited for PTM regularly.

4. Worksheets are prepared for every month in all the classes all the subjects to

give the students extra practice.5. Festivals bring brotherhood and togetherness. To enhance this festival of different

religions are celebrated. Rangoli and other competitions are conducted.

6. Sharing and caring are the most important values of our culture. To strengthenthis Community Lunch was organized and sweets were distributed by school.

7. Students from 6 KVs, 36 Students of our Vidyalaya has participated in the

Primary Cluster Level Sports Meet at KV AFS Bhuj and secured many ranksand prizes.

8. Education tour is likely to be held in the month of January as per schedule.

9. Film shows were regularly shown to the students.The activities outlined above have generated an atmosphere of enthusiasm

and renewed energy among students and teachers of the primary section. We

plan to take them forward in the coming years with great vigour.KV AFS Naliya would like to set a model for others to follow in both

academic and co-curricular fields.Sandeep Vaghela(PRT) I/C CMP

6



�è. Ðè. Ú¢�¢±¼Ðíè.».»H.Åè. (SÜU¢©Å-}¢¢SÅÚ)ÜUï.ç±. (±¢²é�ïÝ¢ S�H) ÝçH²¢

SÜU¢©ôÅx¢ »ÜU �è±Ý¢ïÐ²¢ïx¢è ÜUH¢ÜUï�Îíè² ç±l¢H²¢ïæ }¢ïæ à¢ñÿ¢ç�¢ÜU x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢ïæ ÜUï �¢� ãè �ã -à¢ñÿ¢ç�¢ÜU x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢ïæ ÜU¢ï

|¢è Ðê�¢ü }¢ã�± çÎ²¢ �¢¼¢ ãñ J §�ãèæ Ð¢Æì²ï�¢Ú x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢ïæ }¢ïæ �ï SÜU¢©ôÅx¢ »ÜU ©Ð²¢ïx¢è »±æ¥ÝêÆè ç±l¢ ãñ �¢ï ç±l¢<�²¢ïæ ÜUï �±¢üXè�¢ ç±ÜU¢� }¢ïæ �ã¢²ÜU ã¢ï¼è ãñ J SÜU¢©ôÅx¢ »±æ x¢¢§ôÇx¢ÜU¢ï ¥ÐÝ¢ÜUÚ ç±l¢�èü ¥¢�ÜUH ÜUï à¢ãÚè »±æ }¢à¢èÝè �è±Ý �ï ÎêÚ Ðí¢ÜUëç¼ÜU ÐçÚ±ïà¢ }¢ïæ�è±Ý¢ïÐ²¢ïx¢è ÜU¢ñà¢H¢ïæ }¢ïæ Ðí±è�¢¼¢ Ðí¢# ÜUÚ¼ï ãñ J §�ÜUï �¢� ãè ±¼ü}¢¢Ý �}¢¢� }¢ïæ çx¢Ú¼ï ãé»�è±Ý }¢êË²¢ïæ »±æ �æSÜU¢Ú¢ïæ ÜUè çà¢ÿ¢¢ SÜU¢©Å-x¢¢§ÇG x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢ïæ �ï ¥Ý¢²¢� ãè Ðí¢# ÜUÚ Hï¼ïãñ J »ÜU �Ó�¢ SÜU¢©Å ÎñçÝÜU-�è±Ý }¢ïæ �ï±¢ ÜU¢²ü ÜU¢ï ¥ÐÝ¢ÜUÚ, ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼ »±æ �æ²}¢Ðê�¢ü¥¢�Ú�¢ ÜUÚ Îïà¢ ÜUï �éÝ¢x¢çÚÜU ÜUï MÐ }¢ïæ S±²æ ÜU¢ï Ðíç¼çD¼ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ J ±ã ¶ïHÜUêÎ, Ã²¢²¢}¢, ²¢ïx¢ »±æ ÐíÜUëç¼ ÜUï�¢çÝ�² �ï S±S� »±æ çÝÚ¢ïx¢è Ï¢Ý¼¢ ãñ J SÜU¢©ôÅx¢ ÜUï m¢Ú¢ Ï¢¢HÜU¢ïæ }¢ïæ �æÜUÅÜU¢H }¢ïæ ¥ÐÝï ç±±ïÜU »±æ �¢ã� ÜU¢ Ðí²¢ïx¢ÜUÚ¼ï ãé» }¢é�èÏ¢¼¢ïæ ÜU¢ }¢éÜU¢Ï¢H¢ ÜUÚÝï ÜUè ÿ¢}¢¼¢ ç±ÜUç�¼ ã¢ï �¢¼è ãñ J ±ã �|¢è �}¢S²¢¥¢ïæ ÜU¢ �}¢¢{¢Ý {ñ²ü±¢Ýìã¢ïÜUÚ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ J ¥¼: �|¢è ç±l¢<�²¢ïæ ÜU¢ï �¢ã�è, ¥¢y}¢ç±à±¢�è, çÝÚ¢ïx¢è, �Î¢�¢Úè, ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼ »±æ �éÝ¢x¢çÚÜUÏ¢ÝÝï ãï¼é ¥ÐÝï ç±l¢�èü �è±Ý }¢ïæ ¥±à² ãè SÜU¢©ôÅx¢ »±æ x¢¢§ôÇx¢ ÜU¢ï ¥ÐÝ¢Ý¢ �¢çã» Jç±l¢H² }¢ïæ SÜU¢©Å-x¢¢§ÇG x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢¡ :-* ÜUï�Îíè² ç±l¢H² (±¢²é�ïÝ¢ S�H) ÝçH²¢ }¢ïæ ±¼ü}¢¢Ý �~¢ 2016-17 }¢ïæ 47 SÜU¢©Å, 07 x¢¢§Çì�, 11

ÜUÏ� »±æ 16 Ï¢éHÏ¢éH Ðæ�èÜUë¼ ãñ J* ÜUï.ç±. ¥ã}¢Î¢Ï¢¢Î ÜUñ�Å }¢ïæ çÎÝ¢æÜU 12-7-2016 �ï 16-7-2016 ¼ÜU ¥¢²¢ïç�¼ �¢ïÝH Hï±H Ú¢Á²

ÐéÚSÜU¢Ú ÐÚèÿ¢�¢ çà¢ç±Ú 2016 }¢ïæ ¼èÝ SÜU¢©Åì� (1) çã}¢¢æà¢é Ú¢Í¢±, ÜUÿ¢¢-Ï¢¢Úã±èæ (¥), (2) |¢¢±ïà¢Ç¢æx¢ïÚ¢, ÜUÿ¢¢-Î�±èæ (¥), (3) Îï±¢æx¢ Î±ï, ÜUÿ¢¢-Î�±èæ (¥) Ýï �ÈUH¼¢ Ðê±üÜU |¢¢x¢ çH²¢ »±æ Ú¢Á²ÐéÚSÜU¢Ú Ðí}¢¢�¢-Ð~¢ Ðí¢# çÜU²¢ J

* §�è ÐíÜU¢Ú ÜUï.ç±. RU.3 ±¢²é �ïÝ¢-çm¼è² �¢}¢Ýx¢Ú }¢ïæ çÎÝ¢æÜU 29 �éH¢§ü 2016 �ï 31 �éH¢§ü 2016 ¼ÜU¥¢²¢ïç�¼ ¼ë¼è² �¢ïÐ¢Ý ÐÚèÿ¢�¢ çà¢ç±Ú }¢ïæ ç±l¢H² ÜUï 06 SÜU¢©Åì� Ýï �ÈUH¼¢ Ðê±üÜU |¢¢x¢ çH²¢ J

* ¼ë¼è² �¢ïÐ¢Ý Ðí}¢¢�¢-Ð~¢ Ðí¢# SÜU¢©Åì� ÜUï Ý¢}¢ :-(1) çà¢±¢æx¢ ô�ã ÜUÿ¢¢ - x²¢Úã±èæ - ¥(2) x¢¢ñ¼}¢ x¢é#¢ ÜUÿ¢¢ - Î�±èæ - ¥(3) ç}¢çãÚ ÜUï. }¢ËH ÜUÿ¢¢ - Ý±èæ - Ï¢(4) x¢éÚ�è¼ ô�ã ç�hê ÜUÿ¢¢ - Î�±èæ - Ï¢(5) �x¢ÎèÐ ô�ã ç�hê ÜUÿ¢¢ - Ý±èæ - ¥(6) {±H »H. Ï¢Úñ²¢ ÜUÿ¢¢ - ¥¢Æ±èæ - ¥

* ç±l¢H² ÜUï SÜU¢©Å MÐïà¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú ô�ã ÜUÿ¢¢ - Ï¢¢Úã±èæ - ¥ Ýï ÜUï.ç±. x¢¢¡{èÝx¢Ú ÜUñ�Å }¢ïæ çÎÝ¢æÜU 16 ¥ÐíñH2016 �ï 19 ¥ÐíñH 2016 ¼ÜU ¥¢²¢ïç�¼ ¼èÝ Ú¢ç~¢ Ðíçà¢ÿ¢�¢ çà¢ç±Ú }¢ïæ �ÈUH¼¢ Ðê±üÜU |¢¢x¢ çH²¢ J

* ç±l¢H² }¢ïæ Ð¢¡� Ðíçà¢çÿ¢¼ SÜU¢©Å }¢¢SÅ�ü ÜUï çÝÎïüà¢Ý }¢ïæ SÜU¢©Å-x¢¢§Ç x¢ç¼ç±ç{²¢¡ Ðíx¢ç¼à¢èH ãñ J

7



STUDENT PARTICIPATED AT CLUSTER LEVEL 2016

STUDENT PARTICIPATED AT REGIONAL LEVEL 2016

S.R.NO. NAME OF EVENT

U-14 U-17 U-19 U-14 U-17 U-19TOTAL

NO. OF BOYS NO. OF GIRLS

1 FOOTBALL NIL NIL 3 NIL NIL NIL 3

2 KHO-KHO 12 NIL NIL 12 NIL NIL 24

3 CHESS 4 NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL 4

4 BADMINTON 4 3 NIL 4 2 NIL 13

5 KABBADI NIL NIL 11 NIL NIL NIL 11

6 CRICKET NIL 1 3 NIL NIL NIL 4

7 TABLE TENNIS 2 4 NIL NIL NIL NIL 6

8 VOLLEYBALL NIL NIL 12 NIL NIL NIL 12

S.R.NO. NAME OF EVENT

U-14 U-17 U-19 U-14 U-17 U-19TOTAL

NO. OF BOYS NO. OF GIRLS

1 FOOTBALL NIL NIL 1 NIL NIL NIL 1

2 KHO-KHO NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL 0

3 CHESS 1 NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL 1

4 BADMINTON 2 3 NIL 4 2 NIL 11

5 KABBADI NIL NIL 3 NIL NIL NIL 3

6 CRICKET NIL 1 2 NIL NIL NIL 3

7 TABLE TENNIS 2 4 NIL NIL NIL NIL 6

8 VOLLEYBALL NIL NIL 5 NIL NIL NIL 5

9 ATHLETICS 2 1 3 NIL NIL NIL 6

8



çã�Îè ç±|¢¢x¢

9



¥ÝéRU}¢ç�¢ÜU¢

1. ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜU¢ ¥¢ç±cÜU¢Ú ÜUñ�ï ãé¥¢ ? ÐçÚcÜU¢ �¢è±¢S¼±, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢2. ¥}¢ïô�x¢ ÈUñvÅ� ¥ÝécÜU¢, ÀÆè-Ï¢3. ÎéçÝ²¢ x¢¢ïH ãñ �¢éç¼, ¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢4. Ï¢ãé¼ �GLÚè ã¢ï¼è çà¢ÿ¢¢ ÜíéUç¼, ÀÆè-Ï¢5. S±¢}¢è ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ Á²¢ïç¼, ¥¢Æ±èæ-¥6. Ï¢¢ïH¢ï v²¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï ? �¢çy±ÜU, �¢¼±èæ-Ï¢7. Ý�ãèæ ±èÚ¢æx¢Ý¢»¡ ÜUëc�¢¢, ¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢8. ¥ËÏ¢Åü ¥¢§æSÅ¢§Ý ¥¢ï}¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú ç¼±¢Úè, Ý±}¢è-¥9. çã}¢¢H² Ðí¼èÿ¢¢, ¥¢Æ±èæ-¥10. Ï¢¢Ðê �²¢Úï - �²¢Úï ¥¢²é¯ Ú¢Í¢±, ¥¢Æ±èæ-¥11. Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñ çã}¢¢æà¢é Ú¢Í¢±, Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-¥12. §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Ð¼¢ ¥�±ï¯¢, Ý±}¢è-¥13. {ê¼ü �Ý¢Ï¢ �éÚïà¢ �¢ñ{Úè, Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢14. ¥¢¼æÜU±¢Î ç±çÐÝ à¢}¢¢ü, x²¢Úã±èæ-¥15. Ý¢Úè �¢x¢Ú�¢ �¢è Îï±ï�Îí }¢ç�¢ ç~¢Ð¢Æè, SÝ¢. çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (§ç¼ã¢�)16. À¢ïÅè-�è ã}¢¢Úè ÝÎè (�æÜUçH¼) Ðíèç¼, ÀÆè-Ï¢17. Ý±�è±Ý �¢è Îï±ï�Îí }¢ç�¢ ç~¢Ð¢Æè, SÝ¢. çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (§ç¼ã¢�)18. ²ã |¢è �¢Ý¢ï |¢¢±ïà¢ �¢ñ{Úè, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢19. }¢ã¢Ú¢�¢¢ ÜU¢ Í¢¢ïÇG¢ �ï¼ÜU ÐçÚcÜU¢ �¢è±¢S¼±, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢20. �é|¢¢¯ MÐïà¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú, Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-¥21. �Ú¢ �¢ïç�²ï ¥¢ÜU¢à¢ ô�ã, x²¢Úã±èæ-¥22. ÐÉG¢§ü ÜUÏ¢ ÜUè �¢¼è ãñ ? Úï�¢é Ï¢¢H¢, Ý±}¢è-¥23. ç}¢�¢§H }¢ñÝ }¢¢ïçÝÜU¢, x²¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢24. Ï¢¢¼ �}¢Û¢ Ý ¥¢§ü ÝñÝ¢ Ï¢¢ �Çï�¢, Î�±èæ-Ï¢25. ¥¢ï� ÜUè »ÜU Ï¢ê¡Î-�è ã¢ï¼è ãñ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ ãïy±è, �¢¼±èæ-¥26. Ï¢ïÅè ¥¢Ú¼è Ú¢Ý¢, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢27. ¥¢� ãè v²¢ïæ Ýãèæ ? ¥ç}¢¼ Ú¢�¢±¼, Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢28. » }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï çÈUÚ �ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ Ðíç¼|¢¢, Î�±èæ-Ï¢29. Ðí¢�üÝ¢ çÝ±ïçÎ¼¢, Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢30. �è}¢¢¥¢ïæ ÜUï ç�¼¢Úï �éÜU¢�¼, Ý±}¢è-¥31. |¢íC¢�¢Ú �¢ïã¢, Î�±èæ-Ï¢32. ÜUH²éx¢ ÜU¢ Ú¢}¢ Ð¢MH, Ý±èæ-Ï¢33. Îïà¢ x¢çÚ}¢¢, ¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢

RU}¢ ç±¯² Ý¢}¢

10



±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜU¢ ¥¢ç±cÜU¢Ú ÜUñ�ï ãé¥¢ ?±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜUè ÎéçÝ²¢ }¢ïæ, Ï¢ÅÝ ÎÏ¢¢Ýï �ï ¥¢Ð Çîñx¢Ý ÐÚ �±¢Úè ÜUÚ �ÜU¼ï ãñæ, »çH²æ� �ï Ðë�±è ÜUè Úÿ¢¢

ÜUÚ �ÜU¼ï ãñæ, »çH²æ� ÜU¢ï }¢¢Ú �ÜU¼ï ãñæ ¥¢ñÚ çÜU�è |¢è çÀÐï ãé» �¢Îê ÜUè ¶¢ï� |¢è ÜUÚ �ÜU¼ï ãñæ J çHã¢�¢ §� ¼ÚãÜUè ¶ïH �æÚ�Ý¢ }¢ïæ �¢ïÇG¢ �¢Îê |¢è �LÚè ãñ J x¢¢ñÚ¼HÏ¢ ãñ çÜU ÜU¢ï§ü �ë�Ý¢y}¢ÜU �è� çÏ¢Ý¢ Ðí²¢� ÜUï ç±ÜUç�¼ Ýãèæã¢ï¼è J ç±ç±{ �è±æ¼ ÜUÚñvÅ�ü, çãSÅ¢ïÚèÜUH SÅ¢ïÚè� ¥¢ñÚ ç�Ýï}¢¢ �ñ�ï ç±à¢¢H ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜU¢ S¼Ú ¥¢�ÜUH§¼Ý¢ Ï¢ÉG �éÜU¢ ãñ çÜU §ÝÜUï çÝ}¢¢ü�¢ }¢ïæ x¢ï}� SÅêçÇ²¢ï �¢H¢ïæ Hx¢¢ Îï¼ï ãñæ J ¥¢� ÜUï Î¢ñÚ }¢ïæ ¼Úã-¼Úã ÜUï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}�Ç±HÐ ã¢ï Úãïæ ãñæ, ç�ÝÜUï �çÚ» SÜUêHè Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜUè S}¢¢ÅüÝï� |¢è Ï¢ÉG¼è �¢ Úãè ãñ J ã¢¡H¢çÜU ±ï §�ÜUï §ç¼ã¢� �ï �¢ïÇG¢ÜU}¢ ãè ÐçÚç�¼ ãñæ J ¥¢§²ï ¥¢ÐÜU¢ï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜUï §ç¼ã¢� ¥¢ñÚ ±¼ü}¢¢Ý �ï MÏ¢M ÜUÚ¢¼ï ãñæ J

ÎéçÝ²¢ }¢ïæ ÐãH¢ ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ ÜUñ�¢òÇ Úï Åì²êÏ¢ »}²ê�}¢ïæÅ çÇ±¢§� ÜUè ÈU¢}¢ü }¢ïæ 25 �Ý±Úè, 1947 }¢ïæ ¥¢²¢,ç��ï �¢ò}¢� Åè. x¢¢ïËÇçS}¢� �êçÝ²Ú ¥¢ñÚ »SHï Úï. }¢¢Ý Ýï çÇSÜU±Ú çÜU²¢ �¢ J 14 çÎ�}Ï¢Ú, 1948 }¢ïæ ²ã x¢ï}¢¥¢}¢�Ý ÜUï Ï¢è� H¢ïÜUçÐí² ã¢ï x¢²¢ J §�ÜUï Ï¢¢Î ç±ç|¢�Ý ¼Úã ÜUï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ çÇ�¢§Ý çÜU» x¢» J ±¯ü 1951 }¢ïæçÏ¢íÅïÝ ÈUïçSÅ±H ÜUï Î¢ñÚ¢Ý çÝÚ}¢¢ïÇ ÜU}�²êÅÚ x¢ï}¢ ¥¢²¢ J ±¯ü 1952 }¢ïæ ¥¢ï. »v�. ¥¢ï. çÅÜU-çÅÜU- ÜU}�²êÅÚ ÜU¢ï¥Hïx�ïæÇÚ »�. Çx¢H� Ýï Ç±HÐ çÜU²¢ J §�ÜUï Ï¢¢Î ç±çH²}¢ çãçx¢ÝÏ¢¢ï�üÝ Ýï »ÜU §HïvÅî¢ïçÝÜU §æÅîïçvÅ± x¢ï}¢ÅïçÝ� ÈU¢òÚ Åê ÜU¢ï çÇ±¢§Ý çÜU²¢ J x¢ï}¢ ÜU¢ï Ç±HÐ ÜUÚÝï ±¢Hï Ý ç�ÈUü §æ�èçÝ²Ú Úãï, Ï¢çËÜU ÜUéÀ §æSÅèÅì²êÅ ÜUïSÅêÇïæÅì� |¢è Úãï J §Ý}¢ïæ »}¢¥¢§üÅè ÜUï }¢¢<ÅÝ çx¢íÅì� ¥¢ñÚ SÅï± Ú�ñH ¶¢� ãñæ J §�ã¢ïæÝï �SÐï�±¢Ú� x¢ï}¢ ÜU¢ï çRU»Å çÜU²¢�¢ J §�ÜUï Ï¢¢Î 1974 }¢ïæ Ý¢ïÝH Ï¢éà¢ÝïH ¥¢ñÚ ÅïÇ ÇÏ¢Ýè Ýï ÜU}�²êÅÚ SÐï� ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ ÜU¢ï çRU»Å çÜU²¢ �¢ï çÜUÐãH¢ ÜU}¢<à¢²H x¢ï}¢ �¢ J ©� �}¢² ²ê��ü §�ÜU¢ Ðí²¢ïx¢ ÏHñÜU »æÇ Ãã¢§Å ÅïHèç±�Ý ÐÚ ÜUÚ¼ï �ï J v²¢ïæçÜU ÜU}�²êÅÚç�SÅ}¢ ±¯ü 1979 }¢ïæ ¥¢²¢ �¢ J §�è ¼Úã §�ÜUï Ï¢¢Î ÜU§ü ¼Úã ÜUï Ç±HÐ ã¢ï¼ï x¢» J

ÎéçÝ²¢ }¢ïæ ÜU§ü ¼Úã ÜUï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� Ç±HÐ ãé» ãñæ J §�}¢ïæ ÜUñ�é¥H x¢ï}�, »�éÜUïà¢ÝH x¢ï}�, ç�Úè²H x¢ï}�¥¢çÎ ãñæ J �Ï¢ ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ ¥çS¼y± }¢ïæ ¥¢» ¼¢ï §�ãïæ ç�ÈUü H¢ïx¢¢ïæ ÜUï »æÅÚÅïÝ}¢ïæÅ ÜUï çH» çÇSÜU±Ú çÜU²¢ x¢²¢ �¢,HïçÜUÝ {èÚï-{èÚï H¢ïx¢ ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜUï çH» RUï�è ã¢ï¼ï x¢» J §�çH» §�ãïæ ¥¢ñÚ |¢è çRU»çÅ± Ï¢Ý¢²¢ x¢²¢ J§æ�èçÝ²�ü Ýï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}� ÜU¢ï �ã¢¡ »ÜU ¥¢ïÚ Ï¢ÇGï H¢ïx¢¢ïæ ÜUï çH» }¢Ý¢ïÚæ�Ý ÜU¢ �¢{Ý Ï¢Ý¢²¢ ãñ, ¼¢ï çÈUË}¢ §æÇSÅîè}¢ïæ |¢è ©�ãïæ çÏ¢�Ýï� �±¢ò§æÅ ÜU¢ �çÚ²¢ |¢è Ï¢Ý¢²¢ J ±ãèæ Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜUï Å¢§}¢Ð¢� ÜUï çH» |¢è ÜU§ü ¼Úã ÜUï ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}�Ç±HÐ çÜU» x¢» J HïçÜUÝ ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜUï çH» ã¢çÝÜU¢ÚÜU |¢è ç�h ãé», §�çH» »�éÜUïà¢ÝH ±èçÇ²¢ï x¢ï}¢ÜU¢ï |¢è ¥çS¼y± }¢ïæ H¢²¢ x¢²¢ J §� ¼Úã ÜUï x¢ï}� �ï �ã¢¡ »ÜU ¥¢ïÚ Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜU¢ }¢Ý¢ïÚæ�Ý ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ, Îê�Úè ¥¢ñÚ ±ï Ý§üÅïvÝèÜU �ï |¢è ÐçÚç�¼ ã¢ï¼ï ãñæ J ÐçÚcÜU¢ �¢è±¢S¼±

Ý±}¢è-Ï¢¥}¢ïô�x¢ ÈUñvÅ�

(1) ÏHê ÃãïH ÜUè �èÅè �¢Ý±Ú¢ïæ }¢ïæ �Ï¢�ï ¼ï� ã¢ï¼è ãñ J(2) »ÜU ÜU¡x¢¢M ¼|¢è ÜUêÎïx¢¢ �Ï¢ §�ÜUè ÐêæÀ {Ú¼è ÜU¢ï Àê Úãè ã¢ïx¢è J(3) Ðy�Ú }¢ÀHè ÎéçÝ²¢ ÜUè �Ï¢�ï �ãÚèHè }¢ÀHè ã¢ï¼è ãñ J §�ÜUï ÜU¢ÅÝï �ï }¢Ýéc² ÐñÚ¢H¢§� ã¢ï �ÜU¼¢ ãñ J(4) ¥æx¢êÆï ¥¢ñÚ Ý¢ÜU ÜUè H}Ï¢¢§ü »ÜU �}¢¢Ý ã¢ï¼è ãñ J(5) Á²¢Î¢¼Ú H¢ïx¢ Û¢êÆ Ï¢¢ïH¼ï �}¢² Ï¢¢¡²è ¥¢ïÚ Îï¶¼ï ãñ J ¥ÝécÜU¢

ÀÆè-Ï¢

11



ÎéçÝ²¢ x¢¢ïH ãñÐ¢Ýè ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

}¢ÅÜUï }¢ïæ,}¢ÅÜU¢ ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

Ú�¢ï§ü }¢ïæ,Ú�¢ï§ü ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

Í¢Ú }¢ïæ,Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

ÜUÓÀ }¢ïæ,ÜUÓÀ ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

x¢é�Ú¢¼ }¢ïæ,x¢é�Ú¢¼ ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

|¢¢Ú¼ }¢ïæ,|¢¢Ú¼ ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

»çà¢²¢ }¢ïæ»çà¢²¢ ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

�æ�¢Ú }¢ïæ,�æ�¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

Ð¢Ýè }¢ïæ,Ð¢Ýè ÜUã¢¡ ãñæ ?

}¢ÅÜUï }¢ïæ J�¢éç¼

¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢

Ï¢ãé¼ �GLÚè ã¢ï¼è çà¢ÿ¢¢Ï¢ãé¼ �GLÚè ã¢ï¼è çà¢ÿ¢¢,�¢Úï ¥±x¢é�¢ {¢ï¼è çà¢ÿ¢¢ J�¢ãï ç�¼Ý¢ ÐÉG Hï ã}¢ ÐÚÜU|¢è Ý ÐêÚè ã¢ï¼è çà¢ÿ¢¢ J

çà¢ÿ¢¢ Ð¢ÜUÚ ãè Ï¢Ý¼ï ãñ JÝï¼¢, ¥ÈUG�Ú, çà¢ÿ¢ÜU,

±ñ¿¢¢çÝÜU, ²æ~¢è, Ã²¢Ð¢Úè,²¢ �¢{¢Ú�¢ Úÿ¢ÜU JÜU�¢üÃ²¢ïæ ÜU¢ Ï¢¢ï{ ÜUÚ¢¼è,

¥ç{ÜU¢Ú¢ïæ ÜU¢ ¿¢¢Ýçà¢ÿ¢¢ �ï ãè ç}¢H �ÜU¼¢ ãñ J

�±¢ïüÐçÚ �}}¢¢ÝÏ¢éçhãèÝ ÜU¢ï Ï¢éçh Îï¼è,¥¿¢¢Ýè ÜU¢ï ¿¢¢Ý

çà¢ÿ¢¢ �ï ãè Ï¢Ý �ÜU¼¢ ãñ J|¢¢Ú¼ Îïà¢ }¢ã¢Ý ÜíéUç¼

ÀÆè-Ï¢

S±¢}¢è ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ»ÜU Ï¢¢Ú S±¢}¢è ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ�è }¢ïÚÆ ¥¢²ï ©�ãïæ ÐÉGÝï ÜU¢ ¶êÏ¢ à¢¢ñÜU �¢ J §�çH» ±ï ¥ÐÝï çà¢c² ¥¶æÇ¢ÝæÎ

m¢Ú¢ ÐéS¼ÜU¢H² }¢ïæ �ï ÐéS¼ÜUïæ ÐÉGÝï ÜUï çH» }¢¡x¢±¢¼ï �ï J ÜUï±H »ÜU ãè çÎÝ }¢ïæ ÐéS¼ÜU, ÐÉGÜUÚ Îê�Úï çÎÝ ±¢Ð�ÜUÚÝï ÜUï ÜU¢Ú�¢ x¢íæ�Ð¢H RU¢ïç{¼ ã¢ï x¢²ï J ©�Ýï ¥¶æÇ¢ÝæÎ �ï ÜUã¢ çÜU �Ú¢ï�-Ú¢ï� ÐéS¼ÜUïæ Ï¢ÎHÝï }¢ïæ }¢éÛ¢ï Ï¢ãé¼¼ÜUHèÈU ã¢ï¼è ãñ J ¥¢Ð ²ï ÐéS¼ÜUïæ ÐÉG¼ï ãñ çÜU ÜUï±H Ð�Ýï ãè Ï¢ÎH¼ï ãñ ?� ¥¶æÇ¢ÝæÎ Ýï ²ã Ï¢¢¼ S±¢}¢èç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ�è ÜU¢ï Ï¢¼¢²è ¼¢ï ±ï S±²æ ÐéS¼ÜU¢H² }¢ïæ x¢²ï ¥¢ñÚ x¢íæ�Ð¢H �ï ÜUã¢ :

�²ï �Ï¢ ÐéS¼ÜUïæ }¢ñæÝï }¢¡x¢±¢²è �è, �Ï¢ ÐéS¼ÜUïæ }¢ñæÝï ÐÉGè ãñæ J ¥¢Ð }¢éÛ¢�ï §Ý ÐéS¼ÜU¢ïæ }¢ïæ �ï ÜU¢ï§ü ÐíàÝ ÐêÀ �ÜU¼ïãñæ J� x¢íæ�Ð¢H ÜU¢ï à¢æÜU¢ �è ©�Ýï S±¢}¢è ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ�è �ï Ï¢ãé¼ �¢Úï ÐíàÝ ÐêÀï J ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ�è Ýï Ðíy²ïÜU ÐíàÝ ÜU¢ �±¢Ï¢¼¢ï ÆèÜU çÎ²¢ ãè ÐÚ ²ï ÐíàÝ ÐéS¼ÜU ÜUï ÜU¢ñÝ-�ï ÐëD ÐÚ ãñæ, ²ã |¢è ¼éÚæ¼ Ï¢¼¢ çÎ²¢ J ¼Ï¢ ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ�è ÜUè }¢ïÍ¢¢±èS}¢Ú�¢à¢çQU Îï¶ÜUÚ x¢íæ�Ð¢H ¥¢à�²ü�çÜU¼ ã¢ï x¢²¢ ¥¢ñÚ ©ÝÜUè S}¢Ú�¢à¢çQU ÜU¢ ÚãS² ÐêÀ¢ J

S±¢}¢è ç±±ïÜU¢ÝæÎ Ýï ÜUã¢ - �ÐÉGÝï ÜUï çH» �LÚè ãñ »ÜU¢x¢í¼¢ ¥¢ñÚ »ÜU¢x¢í¼¢ ÜUï çH» �LÚè ãñ �²¢Ý, §ç�Îí²¢ïæÜU¢ �æ²}¢ J� Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜU¢ï çÜU�è |¢è ÿ¢ï~¢ }¢ïæ ¥¢x¢ï Ï¢ÉGÝï ÜUï çH» Ú¢ï� �²¢Ý ÜU¢ ¥|²¢� ÜUÚÝ¢ ãè �¢çã» J(Á²¢ïç¼)

¥¢Æ±èæ-¥

12



¥ËÏ¢Åü ¥¢§æSÅ¢§Ý}¢ã¢Ý ±ñ¿¢¢çÝÜU¢ïæ }¢ïæ ¥ËÏ¢Åü ¥¢§æSÅ¢§Ý ÜU¢ Ý¢}¢ �Ï¢�ï ÐãHï ¥¢¼¢ ãñ J ±¯ü 1879 }¢ïæ ��}¢ï ¥¢§��Å¢§Ý ¼èÝ

�¢H ¼ÜU çÇSHïçv�²¢ �ï ÐèçÇG¼ �ïæ J ¥¢ñÚ Ï¢¢ïH |¢è Ýãèæ Ð¢¼ï �ï J ¼ïÚã �¢H ÜUè ©}¢í ¼ÜU ±ã �ê¼ï ÜUï ÈUè¼ï Ï¢¢¡{Ý¢|¢è Ýãèæ �è¶ Ð¢»¡ �ï J ±ï à¢éM }¢ïæ Ý ¼¢ï x¢é�¢¢ |¢¢x¢ ÜUÚ Ð¢¼ï �ï ¥¢ñÚ Ý ãè à¢ÏÎ¢ïæ ÜU¢ï �ãè Éæx¢ �ï çH¶ Ð¢¼ï �ï J ©ÝÜUïçà¢ÿ¢ÜU ã}¢ïæà¢¢ ©ÝÜUï Ï¢¢Úï }¢ïæ ÝÜU¢Ú¢y}¢ÜU çÅ�Ð�¢è ÜUÚ¼ï �ï J �ÝÚH çÚHïÅèç±Åè ÜU¢ ç�h¢æ¼ Ðíç¼Ð¢çÎ¼ ÜUÚ ±ï §ç¼ã¢�}¢ïæ ¥}¢Ú ã¢ï x¢» J ©ÝÜUï §� ç�h¢�¼ �ï ç±¿¢¢Ý ÜUï ÿ¢ï~¢ }¢ïæ RU¢æç¼ ¥¢ x¢§ü J ¥ÐÝè §� ©ÐHçÏ{ ÜUï çH» ±ã ¥¢{éçÝÜU|¢¢ñç¼ÜUè ÜUï �ÝÜU ÜUãH¢» J ¶¢�ÜUÚ H¢ò ¥¢ïÈU ÈU¢ïÅ¢ï §HïvÅîèÜU §ÈUïvÅ ÜUè ¶¢ï� ÜUï çH» ±¯ü 1921 }¢ïæ Ý¢ïÏ¢HÐéÚSÜU¢Ú �ï �}}¢¢çÝ¼ çÜU²¢ x¢²¢ J ¥¢ï}¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú ç¼±¢Úè

Ý±}¢è-¥

Ï¢¢ïH¢ï v²¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï ?(1) ¶¢Ý¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï ¥ç|¢}¢¢Ý ¶¢¥¢ï J(2) ÐèÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï Ðíï}¢Ú� Ðè H¢ï J(3) HïÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï Ï¢ÇG¢ï ÜU¢ ¥¢à¢è±¢üÎ H¢ï J(4) Ï¢¢ïHÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï �Ï¢�ï }¢èÆ¢ Ï¢¢ïH¢ï J(5) ÚãÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï �Î¢�¢Ú �ï Úã¢ï J(6) �è¼Ý¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï §ç�Îí²¢ïæ ÜU¢ï �è¼¢ï J(7) ÜUãÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï �� ÜUã¢ï J(8) ÎïÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï �Ï¢ÜU¢ï �}}¢¢Ý Î¢ï J(9) �¢Ý¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï �y�æx¢ }¢ïæ �¢¥¢ï J(10) HÇGÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ã¢ï - ¼¢ï Îïà¢ ÜUï çH» HÇG¢ï J

�¢çy±ÜU�¢¼±èæ-Ï¢

Ý�ãèæ ±èÚ¢æx¢Ý¢»¡Ý Ï¢¢æ{¢ï ©ÝÜUï ÐñÚ¢ïæ }¢ïæÏ¢ïçÇG²¢¡ .... ©�ÜUï ÜUÎ}¢¢ïæ }¢ïæçÏ¢�Hè ãñ .... Ý ÜU¼Ú¢ï ©�ÜUïÐæ¶ çÜU ±¢ï }¢¢�ê}¢ à¢¢ï¶ç¼¼Hè ãñ .... ©�ÜUè ©ÇG¢Ý}¢ïæ ¥¢�}¢¢Ý ÜU¢ï �è¼Ýï ÜU¢ãñ �ÁÏ¢¢ .... ©�ÜUè ¥¢¡¶¢ïæ }¢ïæ,ÎéçÝ²¢ �ï H¢ïã¢ HïÝï ÜU¢ ãñ�H±¢ .... Ý¢�éÜU, ÜU}¢ç�Ýx¢éçÇG²¢ ãè Ýãèæ, ±¢ï ¶êÏ¢ �²¢Ýè |¢è ãñ�¢}¢Ýï �Ï¢ ¼êÈU¢Ý ã¢ï, ¼¢ï ÜU|¢è¼¢ï ÜU|¢è }¢Î¢üÝè¼¢ï ÜU|¢è Û¢¢æ�è ÜUè Ú¢Ýè ãñ ....

ÜUëc�¢¢¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢

çã}¢¢H²çã}¢¢H² |¢¢Ú¼ ÜUï ©�¢Ú çÎà¢¢ }¢ïæ çS�¼ ãñæ J çã}¢¢H² ÜU¢ ¥�ü ãñ - �Ï¢ÈUü ÜU¢ Í¢Ú� J çã}¢¢H² Î¢ïÝ¢ïæ �}¢éÎí¢ïæ

(Ðê±èü-Ðçà�}¢) ÜUï Ï¢è� }¢ïæ Ðí±ïà¢ ÜUÚ Ðë�±è ÜUï }¢¢ÐÜU ÜUï MÐ }¢ïæ çS�¼ ãñæ J ²ã Ð±ü¼¢ïæ ÜU¢ Ú¢�¢ |¢è ÜUãH¢¼¢ ãñ J�æ�¢Ú ÜUè ¥ç{ÜU¢æà¢ ª¡�è Ð±ü¼ �¢ïçÅ²¢¡ çã}¢¢H² }¢ïæ ãè çS�¼ ãñæ J ç±à± ÜUï 100 �±¢ïüÓ� çà¢¶Ú¢ïæ }¢ïæ çã}¢¢H² ÜUè¥ÝïÜU �¢ïçÅ²¢¡ ãñ J }¢¢©æÅ »±ÚïSÅ çã}¢¢H² ÜU¢ ãè »ÜU çà¢¶Ú ãñ J çã}¢¢H² }¢ïæ �¢ñ �ï Á²¢Î¢ Ðã¢ÇG ãñ �¢ï 7200 }¢èÅÚ}¢ïæ ÈUñHï ãé» ãñæ J çã}¢¢H² ÜUï Ðã¢ÇG Àã Îïà¢¢ïæ ÜUè �è}¢¢¥¢ïæ ÜU¢ï Àê¼ï ãñæ J ²ï Îïà¢ ãñæ ÝïÐ¢H, |¢¢Ú¼, |¢êÅ¢Ý, ç¼ÏÏ¢¼,¥ÈUx¢¢çÝS¼¢Ý ¥¢ñÚ Ð¢çÜUS¼¢Ý J çã}¢¢H² ÜUè �¢ïçÅ²¢ïæ ÐÚ }¢ã¢ÐéL¯ ± ç�Îì{ ÐéL¯ �²¢Ý }¢ïæ Ï¢ñÆ¼ï ãñæ J çã}¢¢H² }¢ïæÎï±Î¢L ¥¢ñÚ ÜU§ü ÐíÜU¢Ú ÜUï ±ëÿ¢ ãñæ J ²ã |¢¢Ú¼ ÜUï �±¢ïüÓ� S�¢Ý¢ïæ }¢ïæ �ï ãñ J ¥¼: çã}¢¢H² »ÜU Îï±¼¢S±MÐ Ð±ü¼ãñ J Ðí¼èÿ¢¢

¥¢Æ±èæ-¥

13



Ï¢¢Ðê �²¢Úï - �²¢ÚïÏ¢¢Ðê �²¢Úï - Ï¢¢Ðê �²¢ÚïÎéçÝ²¢ ÜUè ¥¢¡¶¢ï ÜUï ¼¢Úï�²¢Ú ¥ôã�¢ ± �Ó�¢§üÏ¢¢Ðê Ýï ã}¢ÜU¢ï ç�¶H¢§üÀé¥¢ Àê¼ ÜU¢ |¢ê¼ |¢x¢¢²¢ Jª¡�-Ýè� ÜU¢ |¢ïÎ ç}¢Å¢²¢¥æx¢íï�¢ï �ï çÏ¢Ý¢ HÇG¢§ü,|¢¢Ú¼ Ýï ¥¢�¢Îè Ð¢§ü JÏ¢éÚ¢ ÜUã¢ï Ý Ï¢éÚ¢ �éÝ¢ï Ý,ÜU|¢è Ï¢éÚ¢ Ý Îï¶¢ï |¢¢§ü J�è±Ý ÜUè ²ã �éæÎÚ çà¢ÿ¢¢,ã}¢Ýï Ï¢¢Ðê �è �ï Ð¢§ü J

ç±�¢Ú¥¿¢¢Ý �ñ�¢ à¢~¢é ÜU¢ï§ü Îê�Ú¢ Ýãèæ J¿¢¢Ý �ñ�¢ ç}¢~¢ ÜU¢ï§ü Îê�Ú¢ Ýãèæ J

¥¢²é¯ Ú¢Í¢±¥¢Æ±èæ-¥

Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñ±Ý¢ïæ }¢ïæ ÈUêH¢ïæ ÜU¢, Ð¢ÜUü }¢ïæ Û¢êH¢ïæ ÜU¢,à¢ãÚ¢ïæ }¢ïæ SÜUêH¢ïæ ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ JÐã¢ÇG¢ïæ }¢ïæ �¢ïÅè ÜU¢, ã¢� }¢ïæ Ú¢ïÅè ÜU¢,ãçÚ²¢�¢¢ }¢ïæ {¢ï¼è ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ JÐæ�¢Ï¢ }¢ïæ ¶ï¼ ÜU¢, Ú¢�S�¢Ý }¢ïæ Úï¼ ÜU¢,Úæx¢ }¢ïæ à±ï¼ ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ J²éh }¢ïæ ±èÚ¢ïæ ÜU¢, çÈUË}¢¢ïæ }¢ïæ ãèÚ¢ï ÜU¢x¢ç�¢¼ }¢ïæ �èÚ¢ï ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ JÎïà¢ }¢ïæ �ÚÜU¢Ú ÜU¢, �#¢ã }¢ïæ Úç±±¢Ú ÜU¢,¼è�¢ïü }¢ïæ ãçÚm¢Ú ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ J�¢¡Î }¢ïæ Î¢x¢ ÜU¢, �ê²ü }¢ïæ ¥¢x¢ ÜU¢,§æ�¢Ý }¢ïæ çÎ}¢¢x¢ ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ J¶ï¼ }¢ïæ çÜU�¢Ý ÜU¢, �è}¢¢ ÐÚ �±¢Ý ÜU¢,�¢Ýï }¢ïæ Îè±¢Ý ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ JH¢ïãï }¢ïæ Å¢Å¢ ÜU¢, �ê¼ï }¢ïæ Ï¢¢Å¢ ÜU¢,Í¢Ú }¢ïæ H¢ïÅ¢ïæ ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ JÏ¢è}¢¢Úè }¢ïæ Î±¢§ü ÜU¢, �¢ÇGï }¢ïæ Ú�¢§ü ÜU¢,Í¢Ú }¢ïæ Ï¢èÏ¢è ÜU¢, x¢¢ïÎ }¢ïæ Ï¢Ó�ï ÜU¢, Ï¢ÇG¢ ãè }¢ãy± ãñæ J

çã}¢¢æà¢é Ú¢Í¢±Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-¥§æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Ð¼¢

1985 :- |¢¢§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñ ?²ã¢¡ �ï 2 çÜU}¢è ÎêÚ ! �H¢ï x¢¢ÇGè }¢ïæ À¢ïÇG Îï¼¢ ãê¡ J

1995 :- |¢¢§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñ ?²ã¢¡ �ï �¢}¢Ýï ±¢Hè x¢Hè }¢ïæ Î¢ï Í¢Ú À¢ïÇG ÜUÚ J

2005 :- |¢¢§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñ ?ÜU¢ñÝ �¢ §æ�èçÝ²Ú ? ²ã¢¡ ¼¢ï x¢Hè-2 }¢ïæ §æ�èçÝ²Ú ãñ J Ý¢}¢ ²¢ �H¢ïÅ Ýæ. ¼¢ï Ï¢¼¢¥¢ï J

2015 :- |¢¢§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñ ?¥¢x¢ï �¢ÜUï çÜU�è |¢è Í¢Ú }¢ïæ Í¢é� �¢¥¢ï J ÜU¢ï§ü-Ý-ÜU¢ï§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ç}¢H �¢»x¢¢ J

2025 :- |¢¢§ü §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ÜUã¢¡ ãñ ?Ð¢x¢H ã¢ï v²¢ ? §æ�èçÝ²Ú ÜU¢ Í¢Ú ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ ? ±¢ï �¢ï ÐéH çÎ¶ Úã¢ ãñ ©�ÜUï Ýè�ï ç�¼Ýï H¢ïx¢ �¢ï»ãñæ; �¢Úï §æ�èçÝ²Ú ãè ¼¢ï ãñæ J ¥�±ï ¢

Ý±}¢è-¥

14



{ê¼ü �Ý¢Ï¢»ÜU Ï¢¢¼ »ÜU �G}¢¢Ýï ÜUè,ãñ Ï¢¢¼ �¢ï Ï¢ãé¼ ÐéÚ¢Ýè,¥¢� ãñ �Ï¢ÜU¢ï �éÝ¢Ýè,»ÜU {ê¼ü �Ý¢Ï¢ ÜUè ÜUã¢Ýè J

�ï »ÜU Ýx¢Úè }¢ïæ »ÜU Ï¢¢Ï¢ê,ç�ÝÜU¢ �¢ »ÜU Ï¢ïÅ¢ Ï¢è}¢¢Ú,Ï¢è}¢¢Úè ãé§ü �¢ Úãè �è Ï¢ïÜU¢Ï¢ê,�¢ãïæ HéÅ¢²ïæ ±ï Î¢ñH¼ Ï¢ïà¢é}¢¢Ú J

ç}¢Hè ãÚ ±ñl �ï �è çÝÚ¢à¢¢,çÈUÚ |¢è �è }¢Ý}¢ïæ Ï¢�è »ÜU ¥¢à¢¢,m¢Ú §üà±Ú ÜU¢ ©�ã¢ïæÝï ¶Å¶Å¢²¢,Ï¢ÇGè Ý�G¢ÜU¼ �ï »ÜU �¢ñÎ¢ ÈUÚ}¢¢²¢ J

Ï¢¢ïHï �ãï §üà±Ú �éÝ }¢ïÚè w±¢çãà¢,Ï¢ÎHï }¢ïæ ãñ »ÜU |¢Ã² ÈUÚ}¢¢§üà¢,ÎéMS¼ ÜUÚ Îï }¢ïÚè §ÜUH¢ñ¼è �æ¼¢Ý,Ï¢ï�ÜUÚ }¢ãH ¥ÐÝ¢ ÜUM¡x¢¢ }¢ñæ Î¢Ý J�

ãé§ü §üà±Ú |¢è »ÜUÎ}¢ Ú�G¢}¢�Î,ãé§ü Ï¢¢Ï¢ê ÜUï }¢ãH }¢ïæ ¶éà¢¢}¢Î,ãé¥¢ Ï¢ïÅ¢ Ï¢¢Ï¢ê ÜU¢ �¢ �H¢}¢¼,¥¢²è ÐÚ�¼é �è çÈUÚ »ÜU ÜU²¢}¢¼ J

x¢é�GÚï }¢ãèÝï, x¢é�GÚï ÜUéÀ �¢H,|¢êHï ¥ÐÝ¢ �¢ñÎ¢ Ï¢¢Ï¢ê Ï¢ãÚã¢H,�ï §üà±Ú Ï¢¢Ï¢ê �ï ²ê¡ ¶ÈGU¢,çÜU ÐêÀ¢ Ï¢¢Ï¢êÝï, �}¢ïÚè v²¢ ¶¼¢ ?�

�ñ�ï Ï¢¢Ï¢ê ÜU¢ï �¢ñÎ¢ çÈUÚ ²¢Î ¥¢²¢,±ñ�ï ãè Ï¢¢Ï¢ê Ýï »ÜU §çà¼ã¢Ú ÀÐ±¢²¢,��¢� Ðïà¢ ãñ »ÜU }¢ãH »ÜU Í¢¢ïÇG¢,»ÜU MÐ²ï }¢ãH, H¢¶ MÐ²ï Í¢¢ïÇG¢ J�

¼à¢ÚèÈUG H¢²¢ çÈUÚ »ÜU �¢ñÎ¢x¢Ú,�¢ñÎ¢ çÜU²¢ ©�Ýï çÏ¢HÜUéH Ï¢Ú¢Ï¢Ú,¶ÚèÎ¢ }¢ãH ©�Ýï ¥¢ñÚ »ÜU Í¢¢ïÇG¢ J»ÜU MÐ²ï }¢ãH, H¢¶ MÐ²ï Í¢¢ïÇG¢ J

Ï¢¢Ï¢ê Ýï çÜU²¢ »ÜU MÐ²¢ çÈUÚ Î¢Ý,Ú¶¢ ©�ã¢ïæÝï ¥ÐÝè �éÏ¢¢Ý ÜUè }¢¢Ý,

�éÚïà¢ �¢ñ{ÚèÏ¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢

Îï¶ÜUÚ Ï¢¢Ï¢ê ÜUè ²ã ÜUÚ¢}¢¢¼,�ï §üà±Ú |¢è �¢ñÜUï ¥ÜUS}¢¢¼ J

»ÜU Ï¢¢¼ »ÜU �G}¢¢Ýï ÜUè,ãñ Ï¢¢¼ �¢ï Ï¢ãé¼ ÐéÚ¢Ýè,¥¢� ãñ �Ï¢ÜU¢ï �éÝ¢Ýè,»ÜU {ê¼ü �Ý¢Ï¢ ÜUè ÜUã¢Ýè J

¥¢¼æÜU±¢Î» ¥¢¼æÜU±¢Îè |¢¢§ü,v²¢ïæ ¼é}¢Ýï ãñ }¢éÛ¢ï }¢¢Ú¢¥¢ç¶Ú }¢ñÝïæ ¼é}ã¢Ú¢ v²¢ ãñ çÏ¢x¢¢ÇG¢

v²¢ Îé¶ }¢ñÝïæ ¼é}ãï çÎ²¢ ?²¢ §üc²¢ü mï¯ }¢ïæ ¼é}ãïæ {}¢ÜU¢²¢,²¢ ¼é}ãïæ ÜUéÀ Ï¢éÚ¢ ãñ }¢ñÝïæ Ï¢¢ïH¢,²¢ ÜU¢ï§ü x¢H¼è ã¢ï x¢§ü }¢éÛ¢�ï,¥¢ç¶Ú v²¢ïæ ¼é}¢Ýï }¢éÛ¢ï }¢¢Ú Ç¢H¢ J

¼¢� ã¢ïÅH ã¢ï ²¢ �è.»�.Åè. SÅïà¢Ý;}¢é}Ï¢§ü ã¢ï ²¢ çÎËHè,¥}¢ïçÚÜU¢ ã¢ï ²¢ §æçÇ²¢,�Ï¢ �x¢ã ¼é}ã¢Ú¢ ¶¢ñÈU ãñ }¢æÇÚ¢¼¢ J�ñÝ �ï ÜU¢ï§ü �¢ï |¢è Ýãèæ Ð¢¼¢ J» ¥¢¼æÜU±¢Îè |¢¢§ü, v²¢ïæ ¼é}¢Ýï }¢éÛ¢ï }¢¢Ú Ç¢H¢ J

» ²}¢Ú¢� ÜUï Îê¼v²¢ïæ ¼é}¢Ýï ãñ }¢éÛ¢ï }¢¢Ú¢,¥¢� }¢Ú¼ï �}¢² ¥ÐÝè }¢¢¡ ÜU¢ï ²¢Î ÜUÚ¼¢ ãê¡,¥¢ñÚ �Ï¢ÜU¢ï �H¢}¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãê¡ J» ¥¢¼æÜU±¢Îè |¢¢§ü,Ï¢ï }¢¼HÏ¢ ÜUï ¼é}¢Ýï }¢éÛ¢ï }¢¢Ú Ç¢H¢ J ç±çÐÝ à¢}¢¢ü

x²¢Úã±èæ-¥

15



Ý¢Úè �¢x¢Ú�¢ãï Ý¢çÚ²¢ïæ ¼é}ãïæ �¢x¢Ú�¢ ÜUï Ð¢Æ ÐÚ ¥¢x¢ï Ï¢ÉGÝ¢ ã¢ïx¢¢,¼¢ïÇG �¢}¢¢ç�ÜU Ï¢�{Ý ÜU¢ï, ¼é}ãï ¥¢x¢ï �HÝ¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢ JÏ¢è¼è H¢ïÜU H¢� ÜUè Ï¢¢¼ïæ, à¢¢ï¯�¢ �ï HÇGÝ¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢,Ý¢Úè ÜU¢ ¥çS¼y± Ï¢�¢Ýï, Ý¢Úè ÜU¢ï ¥¢x¢ï ¥¢Ý¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢ J�H¼è ãñ çÜU¼Ýè }¢¢�ê}¢, ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ çÜU¼Ýè ¥¢y}¢¢¥¢ïæ ÜU¢ ¶êÝ,»ï�è Ðç¼¼ ÜUéÚèç¼²¢ïæ ÜU¢ï ¥Ï¢, ÐñÚ¢ïæ ÅïH ÜUé�HÝ¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢ JÀ¢ïÇG MÐ ¥¢æÏ¢ï-Îéx¢ïü ÜU¢, ÜU¢Hè �æÇè Ï¢ÝÝ¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢,çÝ� ¥¢Ý-}¢¢Ý ÜUè ¶¢ç¼Ú, ÎéC Î}¢Ý ÜUÚÝ¢ ãè ã¢ïx¢¢ J

�¢è Îï±ï�Îí }¢ç�¢ ç~¢Ð¢ÆèSÝ¢¼ÜU¢ï�¢Ú çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (§ç¼ã¢�)Ý±�è±Ý

Ý±�è±Ý ÜUè v²¢Úè }¢ïæ, ¼é}¢ Ï¢ÝÜUÚ x¢éHà¢Ý À¢²ï ã¢ï,�éÝï }¢Ý ÜUï x¢çH²¢Ú¢ïæ }¢ïæ S±�Ý �H¢ïÝï H¢²ï ã¢ï J¼�ã¢-¼�ã¢ �H¼ï �ï ã}¢ �ÈGUÚ Ï¢ãé¼ ç±Ú¢Ý¢ �¢ JÝ± çÜUà¢H² ÜUï Ðéæ�¢ïæ �ñ�ï, ã<¯¼ }¢Ý ÜU¢ï |¢¢» ã¢ï,Úæx¢ }¢ã¢H ÜUï �ÐÝï HïÜUÚ, ¥¢¡¶¢ïæ }¢ïæ ¼é}¢ ÝèÎ |¢Ú¢ïæ }¢¼,�è±Ý ¼¢ï Ï¢ã¼¢ �H ãñ ¥±Ú¢ï{¢ïæ �ï Ã²�ü ÇÚ¢ïæ }¢¼,Îé:¶ ¼¢ï ç±ÚãÝ ±¢H¢ ÜU¢�H, �H ¼¢ï ¥¢ç¶Ú Îï¼¢Ï¢¢ÎH Jà¢¢²Î ÜU|¢è ÜU¢}¢ ¥¢�¢», �æÏ¢æ{¢ï ÜUï ²ã ¶¢}¢¢ïà¢ ÐH,�æÍ¢¯¢ïZ ÜUè Ú¢ã ÐÜUÇG H¢ïæ, ¥æç{²¢Ú¢ïæ ÜUè Ï¢¢ã �ÜUÇ H¢ï J¥�Ý¢Ú¢ïæ ÐÚ Ð¢±æ {Ú¢ïæ }¢¼, Ðÿ¢è ÜU¢ï ©ÇG¼ï ÚãÝ¢ ãñ,Ï¢� Í¢¢ï�H¢ïæ ÜU¢ ²ïãè ÜUãÝ¢ ãñ, Ý±�è±Ý ÜUè v²¢Úè }¢ïæ J

�¢è Îï±ï�Îí }¢ç�¢ ç~¢Ð¢ÆèSÝ¢¼ÜU¢ï�¢Ú çà¢ÿ¢ÜU (§ç¼ã¢�)

²ã |¢è �¢Ý¢ï* �Ï¢ Å¢§ÅïçÝÜU ÇêÏ¢¢ ¼¢ï §�}¢ïæ 2228 H¢ïx¢ �±¢Ú �ï J §�}¢ïæ �ï ç�ÈUü 706 ãè Ï¢� Ð¢» J* »ÜU ¥¢ñ�¼ Ã²çQU �è±Ý|¢Ú }¢ïæ Hx¢|¢x¢ 16 ã�¢Ú x¢ñHÝ Ð¢Ýè Ðè Hï¼¢ ãñ J* }¢¢Ý± à¢ÚèÚ ÜUè »ÜU �¢ñ�¢§ü ãça²¢¡ ÐñÚ¢ïæ }¢ïæ ã¢ï¼è ãñ J* Ðë�±è ÐÚ Ðíç¼ ç}¢ÝÅ Hx¢|¢x¢ 6000 Ï¢¢Ú çÏ¢�Hè ÜUÇGÜU¼è ãñ J* Í¢¢ïæÍ¢¢ �éÝ Ýãèæ �ÜU¼¢ J |¢¢±ïà¢ �¢ñ{Úè

Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

À¢ïÅè-�è ã}¢¢Úè ÝÎè (�æÜUçH¼)À¢ïÅè-�è ã}¢¢Úè ÝÎè ÅïÉGè-}¢ïÉGè {¢Úx¢<}¢²¢ïæ }¢ïæ Í¢éÅÝï |¢Ú ç|¢x¢¢ïæ ÜUÚ �¢¼ï Ð¢Ú JÐ¢Ú �¢¼ï ÉG¢ïÚ-Çæx¢Ú, Ï¢ñHx¢¢ÇGè �¢Hê,ª¡�ï ãñ çÜUÝ¢Úï §�ÜUï, Ð¢Å §�ÜU¢ É¢Hê JÐïÅï }¢ïæ Û¢ÜU¢Û¢ÜU Ï¢¢Hê ÜUè�ÇG ÜU¢ Ý Ý¢}¢,ÜU¢¡� ÈUêHï »ÜU Ð¢Ú ©�Hïæ �ñ�ï Í¢¢}¢ JçÎÝ |¢Ú çÜU�çÐ�-çÜU�çÐ� ÜUÚ¼è }¢ñÝ¢ Ç¢Ú-Ç¢Ú,Ú¢¼¢ïæ ÜU¢ï ãé¥¢¡-ãé¥¢¡ ÜUÚ ©Æ¼ï ç�²¢Ú J¥}¢Ú¢§ü Îê�ï çÜUÝ¢Úï ¥¢ñÚ ¼¢ÇG-±Ý,À¢¡ã¢ïæ-À¢¡ã¢ïæ Ï¢í¢r¢�¢ Å¢ïH¢ Ï¢�¢ ãñ �Í¢Ý JÜUÓ�ï-Ï¢Ó�ï {¢Ú-ÜUÀ¢Ú¢ïæ ÐÚ ©ÀH Ýã¢ Hïæ,x¢}¢À¢ïæ-x¢}¢À¢ïæ Ð¢Ýè |¢Ú-|¢Ú ¥æx¢-¥æx¢ ÐÚ Ç¢Hïæ JÜU|¢è-ÜU|¢è ±ï Û¢¢¡�-�ÜU¢Úï çÝÏ¢Å¢ ÜUÚ Ýã¢Ý¢À¢ïÅè-À¢ïÅè }¢ÀHè }¢¢Úï ¥¢¡�H ÜU¢ ÜUÚ À¢Ý¢ JÏ¢ãé»¡ H¢ïÅï �¢H }¢¢¡�¼è Úx¢ÇG-Úx¢ÇG ÜUÚ Úï¼è,ÜUÐÇGï {¢ï¼è, Í¢Ú ÜUï ÜU¢}¢¢ïæ ÜUï çH» �H Îï¼è J�ñ�ï ãè ¥¢¯¢ÉG Ï¢Ú�¢¼, |¢Ú ÝçÎ²¢¡ ©¼Ú¢¼è}¢¼±¢Hè-�è ÀêÅè �H¼è ¼ï�G {¢Ú Îó¢¢¼è J±ïx¢ ¥¢ñÚ ÜUHÜUH ÜUï }¢¢Úï ©Æ¼¢ ãñ ÜU¢ïH¢ãH,x¢¡ÎHï �H }¢ïæ çÍ¢ÚÝè-|¢¡±Úè |¢¡±Ú¢¼è ãñ �æ�H JÎ¢ïÝ¢ïæ Ð¢Ú¢ïæ ÜUï ±Ý-±Ý }¢ïæ }¢� �¢¼¢ ãñ Ú¢ïH¢,±¯¢ü ÜUï ©y�± }¢ïæ �¢Ú¢ �x¢ ©Æ¼¢ ãñ Å¢ïH¢ J

Ðíèç¼ÀÆè-Ï¢

16



}¢ã¢Ú¢�¢¢ ÜU¢ Í¢¢ïÇG¢ �ï¼ÜUÚ�¢ Ï¢è� �¢ñÜUÇGè |¢Ú-|¢Ú ÜUÚ�ï¼ÜU Ï¢Ý x¢²¢ çÝÚ¢H¢ �¢Ú¢�¢¢ Ðí¼¢Ð ÜUï Í¢¢ïÇGï �ïÐÇG x¢²¢ ã±¢ ÜU¢ Ð¢H¢ �¢�¢ï ¼çÝÜU ã±¢ �ï Ï¢¢x¢ çãHèHïÜUÚ �±¢Ú ©ÇG �¢¼¢ �¢Ú¢�¢¢ ÜUè Ðé¼Hè çÈUÚè Ýãèæ¼Ï¢ ¼ÜU �ï¼ÜU }¢éÇ �¢¼¢ �¢çx¢Ú¼¢ Ý ÜU|¢è �ï¼ÜU ¼Ý ÐÚÚ¢�¢¢ Ðí¼¢Ð ÜU¢ Í¢¢ïÇG¢ �¢±ã Î¢ñÇG Úã¢ ¥çÚ}¢S¼ÜU ÐÚ±ã ¥¢�}¢¢Ý ÜU¢ Í¢¢ïÇG¢ �¢�¢ ²ãèæ Úã¢ ¥Ï¢ ²ã¢¡ Ýãèæ±ã ±ãèæ Úã¢ �¢ ²ã¢¡ Ýãèæ�è �x¢ã Ý ÜU¢ï§ü �ã¢¡ ÝãèæçÜU� ¥çÚ}¢S¼ÜU ÐÚ ÜUã¢¡ ÝãèæçÝ|¢èüÜU x¢²¢ ±ã É¢H¢ïæ }¢ïæ�ÚÐÅ Î¢ñÇG¢ ÜUÚÏ¢¢H¢ïæ }¢ïæÈUæ� x¢²¢ à¢~¢é ÜUè �¢H¢ïæ }¢ïæÏ¢ÉG¼ï ÝÎ-�¢ ±ã HãÚ x¢²¢çÈUÚ x¢²¢-x¢²¢ çÈUÚ ÆãÚ x¢²¢ç±ÜUÚ¢H ±�í}¢² Ï¢¢ÎH �¢¥çÚ ÜUè �ïÝ¢ ÐÚ Í¢ãÚ x¢²¢|¢¢H¢ çx¢Ú x¢²¢ çÝ�æx¢ ã²Å¢Ð¢ïæ }¢ïæ ¶Ý x¢²¢ ¥æx¢Ï¢ñÚè �}¢¢� Úã x¢²¢ Îæx¢Í¢¢ïÇGï ÜU¢ »ï�¢ Îï¶ Úæx¢ JÐêÚè Ý �ãè �¢ïÇGè ÜU�Ú Ï¢¢ÜUè ãñæ J¥¢� |¢è }¢ïÚï Hãê }¢ïæ Ú¢�¢¢ ÜU¢ ¥�Ú Ï¢¢ÜUè ãñæ J

ÐçÚcÜU¢ �¢è±¢S¼±Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

�é|¢¢¯ãï ¥¶ç�Ç¼ |¢¢Ú¼è¥Ï¢ ¼¢ï ç±}¢H ÐíÜU¢à¢ Îï Î¢ï J¶êÝ Îï¼¢ ãê¡ ¼é}ãïæ¼é}¢ Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï �é|¢¢¯ Îï Î¢ï J¼ïÚè ç}¢^è }¢ïæ ãñ Ð¢Ú�ÜU¢ï¶ }¢ïæ x¢æx¢¢ ÜU¢ ¥}¢ë¼Ð¢ÜU ÝçÎ²¢ïæ �ï »ï }¢ïÚèÐêÁ² |¢êç}¢ ¼ê ãñæ ô�ç�¼¥Ï¢ �Ú¢ ÜUÚ±Å Ï¢ÎHÜUÚ§ÜU Ý²¢ §ç¼ã¢� Îï Î¢ï,¶êÝ Îï¼¢ ãê¡ ¼é}ãïæ¼é}¢ Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï �é|¢¢¯ Îï Î¢ï,Îïà¢ ÜUè ¼L�¢¢§ü Ðçà�}¢ ÜUèã±¢ ¶¢Ýï Hx¢è ãñ,Îïà¢ |¢çQU À¢ïÇGÜUÚÜUéÀ ¥¢ñÚ ãè x¢¢Ýï Hx¢è ãñ,{èÚï-{èÚï Ðçà�}¢è ç��¼Ý ÜU¢ï¥Ï¢ ¼¢ï ãî¢� Îï Î¢ï¶êÝ Îï¼¢ ãê¡ ¼é}ãïæ¼é}¢ Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï �é|¢¢¯ Îï Î¢ï,çÎx|¢íç}¢¼ ã¢ï Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï§ü�Ï¢ ÜU|¢è |¢è HÇG¶ÇG¢²¢Hÿ² ÜUè Ðã�¢Ý Ð¢Ýï±¢ï ¼é}ã¢Úï Ð¢� ¥¢²¢Îïà¢ Í¢¢¼ÜU à¢çQU²¢ïæ ÜU¢ï¥Ï¢ ç±ÜUÅ ç±Ý¢à¢ Îï Î¢ï J¶êÝ Îï¼¢ ãê¡ ¼é}ãïæ¼é}¢ Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï �é|¢¢¯ Îï Î¢ï J MÐïà¢ ÜUé}¢¢Ú

Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-¥

17



�Ú¢ �¢ïç�²ï

ã}¢ Îéx¢¢ü, Hÿ}¢è, �ÚS±¼è ÜUè �çÎ²¢ïæ �ï Ðê�¢ ÜUÚ¼ï ¥¢²ï ãñ J ±ãèæ ¥¢� ¥ÐÝ¢ ±¢çÚ� Ð¢Ýï ÜUè H¢H� }¢ïæ HÇGçÜU²¢ïæÜUè ��}¢ �ï Ðê±ü ãy²¢ ÜUÚ Îï¼ï ãñæ J Úç�²¢ �éH¼¢Ý, Ú¢Ýè Hÿ}¢èÏ¢¢§ü, §æçÎÚ¢ x¢¢¡{è �ï HïÜUÚ |¢ê¼Ðê±ü Ú¢cÅîÐç¼ �¢è}¢¼èÐíç¼|¢¢ Îï±è ô�ã Ð¢çÅH ¼ÜU §Ý }¢çãH¢¥¢ïæ Ýï Îïà¢-ç±Îïà¢ }¢ïæ ¥ÐÝè ¼¢ÜU¼ ¥¢ñÚ ÜU¢ñà¢H ÜU¢ ÐçÚ�² çÎ²¢ ãñ J ©�ã¢ïæÝïæ{Ú¼è �ï ¥æ¼çÚÿ¢ ¼ÜU ÜU¢ �ÈUÚ ¼² ÜUÚ çÎ²¢ ãñ J ÐÚ çÈUÚ |¢è }¢çãH¢¥¢ïæ ÜU¢ï ãï² ÎëçC �ï Îï¶¢ �¢¼¢ ãñ ¥¢ñÚ ©ÝÜUèçÝ}¢ü}¢¼¢ �ï ãy²¢ ÜUÚ Îè �¢¼è ãñ J

�Ú¢ �¢ïç�²ï ! ç�� Îïà¢ }¢ïæ à¢¢ÜU¢ã¢Úè-}¢¢æ�¢ã¢Úè ÜUï Ï¢è� ª¡�è Îè±¢Úïæ ãñ ±ã¢¡ »ï�¢ �{�² ¥ÐÚ¢{ ÜUÚ¼ïv²¢ �Ú¢ |¢è ã¢� Ýãèæ ÜU¢¡Ð¼ï ?

»ï ÎçÚæÎ¢ïæ, ¥Ï¢ ¼¢ï �æ|¢H �¢¥¢ï v²¢ïæçÜU ¼é}¢ �¢Ý¼ï ã¢ï çÜU �Ï¢ |¢è }¢Ýéc² ÐíÜUëç¼ ÜUï ç¶H¢ÈU x¢²¢ ãñ ©�ÝïÐíH² ÜU¢ï ãè Ð¢²¢ ãñ J�Ú¢ �¢ï�¢ï -}¢¢¡, ¥|¢è-¥|¢è ¼¢ï }¢ñæ ¥¢§ü �æ�¢Ú }¢ïæ,¥|¢è-¥|¢è }¢ïÚè ãy²¢ |¢è ã¢ï x¢²è J¥|¢è ¼¢ï }¢ñæÝïæ �æ�¢Ú ÜU¢ï ÆèÜU �ï Îï¶¢ Ý �¢,çÜU }¢ïÚè ¼¢ï ¥�èü |¢è ©Æ x¢²è J}¢¢¡, çÜU¼Ýï ¥Ú}¢¢Ý �ï }¢ïÚïçÜU¼Ýï �ÐÝï Îï¶ï �ï }¢ñÝïæ J}¢ñæ |¢è ©ÇG¼è ÝèHx¢x¢Ý }¢ïæ²¢ çÈUÚ ç}¢Å �¢¼è Îïà¢ ÜUè ¶¢ç¼Ú J}¢¢¡, Úã �¢¼è }¢ïÚè-¼é}ã¢Úè x¢¢�¢»¡ J�çÎ²¢ïæ ¼ÜU Úã¼è ¥ÐÝè Ðã�¢Ý JÐÚ }¢¢¡ }¢ïÚè çÜUS}¢¼ Îï¶¢ï,ç�ÈUü Î¢ï Ï¢ê¡Î ¥¢¡�ê �ï }¢éÛ¢ï ç±Î¢ ÜUÚÝï ÜU¢ï J

¥¢ÜU¢à¢ ô�ãx²¢Úã±èæ-¥

ÐÉG¢§ü ÜUÏ¢ ÜUè �¢¼è ãñ ?�Ý±Úè �¢Ý �ï �²¢Úè ãñ JÈUÚ±Úè ÈUçÚ²¢Î H¢¼è ãñ J}¢¢�ü }¢ïæ }¢¢ñ¼ ¥¢¼è ãñ J�Ï¢ ÐÚèÿ¢¢ ÈUH ÜUè Ï¢¢¼ ¥¢¼è ãñ J¥ÐíñH }¢ïæ x¢}¢èü ¥¢¼è ãñ J}¢§ü }¢ïæ Hê |¢è �H �¢¼è ãñ J

�êÝ ¼¢ï Àéç^²¢ïæ }¢ïæ ãè Ï¢è¼ �¢¼¢ ãñ J�éH¢§ü Ý» �Ý¢ïæ �ï ç}¢H¢¼¢ ãñ J¥x¢S¼ }¢ïæ x¢}¢èü �¼¢¼è ãñ Jç�¼}Ï¢Ú }¢ïæ }¢ÓÀÚ¢ïæ ÜUè Ï¢¢Ú¢¼ ¥¢¼è ãñ J¥vÅêÏ¢Ú }¢ïæ Îà¢ãÚï ÜUè �}¢¢¼ Hx¢¼è ãñ J

Ý±}Ï¢Ú ¼¢ï ²ê¡ ãè Ï¢è¼ �¢¼¢ ãñ JçÎ�}Ï¢Ú }¢ïæ �Îèü ÜU¢ Ú¢� ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ JçÆÆéÚÝïæ }¢ïæ }¢¢� Ï¢è¼ �¢¼¢ ãñ J�¢Úï }¢ãèÝï ¼¢ï ²ê¡ ãè x¢» }¢ñÇ}¢ �è,Ï¢¼¢§» ÐÉG¢§ü ÜUÏ¢ ÜUè �¢¼è ãñ ? Úï�¢é Ï¢¢H¢

Ý±}¢è-¥

18



Ï¢¢¼ �}¢Û¢ Ý ¥¢§ü²ï Ï¢¢¼ �}¢Û¢ }¢ïæ ¥¢§ü Ýãèæ,}¢}}¢è Ýï |¢è �}¢Û¢¢§ü Ýãèæ JÜUñ�ï }¢èÆè Ï¢¢¼ ÜUM¡ }¢ñæ ?�Ï¢, }¢èÆè Ï¢¢¼ ÜUM¡ }¢ñæ ?�Ï¢, }¢èÆè ÜU¢ï§ü �è� }¢ñæÝïæ ¶¢§ü Ýãèæ J²ï �¢¡Î v²¢ïæ }¢¢}¢ê ãñæ }¢ïÚ¢ ?�Ï¢, }¢}}¢è ÜU¢ ±¢ï |¢¢§ü Ýãè,v²¢ïæ H}Ï¢ï Ï¢¢H ãñ |¢¢Hê ÜUï ?v²¢ïæ ©�ï çÅîô}¢x¢ ÜUÚ¢§ü Ýãèæ ?v²¢ ±¢ï |¢è x¢æÎ¢ Ï¢Ó�¢ ãñ ?²¢ �æx¢H }¢ïæ ÜU¢ï§ü Ý¢§ü Ýãèæ ?Ý¢Ý¢ ÜUè Ï¢èÏ¢è �Ï¢ Ý¢Ýè ãñæ,Î¢Î¢ ÜUè Ï¢èÏ¢è �Ï¢ Î¢Îè ãñæ J}¢¢}¢¢ ÜUè Ï¢èÏ¢è �Ï¢ }¢¢}¢è ãñ,¼¢ï Ð¢Ð¢ ÜUè Ï¢èÏ¢è v²¢ïæ Ð¢Ðè Ýãèæ ?�}¢æÎÚ ÜU¢ Úæx¢ v²¢ïæ ÝèH¢ ãñ ?�Ï¢ ÝèH çÜU�è Ýï ç}¢H¢§ü Ýãèæ,�Ï¢, SÜUêH }¢ïæ §¼Ýè ÝèæÎ ¥¢»¼¢ï, v²¢ïæ ±ã¢¡ Ï¢ïÇ ¥¢ñÚ Ú�¢§ü Ýãèæ ?²ï Ï¢¢¼ �}¢Û¢ }¢ïæ ¥¢§ü Ýãèæ,¥¢ñÚ }¢}}¢è Ýï |¢è �}¢Û¢¢§ü Ýãèæ J

ÝñÝ¢ Ï¢¢ �Çï�¢Î�±èæ-Ï¢

ç}¢�¢§H }¢ñÝÏ¢¢ïH¼ï Ï¢¢ïH¼ï ¥�¢ÝÜU {ÇG¢}¢ �ï�G}¢èÝ ÐÚ çx¢Ú¢ »ÜU ±Å±ëÿ¢ �¢ï ÚyÝ �¢±ëÿ¢ �¢ï à¢çQUÐéæ� �¢±ëÿ¢ �¢ï Ý Ï¢¢ïHï ¼¢ï |¢èç¶Hç¶H¢ãÅ çÏ¢¶ïÚ¼¢ �¢�èÚ Îï¼¢ �¢ ãÚ ��Ý¢Åï ÜU¢ �èÝ¢ç�²¢�¼ �ï ÜU¢ï�¢ïæ ÎêÚ¥�±ïà¢ ÜUï ¥Ýæ¼ Ýà¢ï }¢ïæ �êÚ±ëÿ¢ ¥Ï¢ Ýãè ©Æïx¢¢ ÜU|¢è¥æÜUéçÚ¼ ã¢ïæx¢ï ©�ÜUï �ÐÝïçÈUÚ §�è �G}¢èÝ �ï©x¢Hïæx¢è ç}¢�¢§Hïæà¢¢æç¼ ÜUï Îéà}¢Ý¢ïæ ÜU¢ï�Ï¢ÜU ç�¶¢Ýï ÜUï çH»±ëÿ¢ ÜU|¢è }¢Ú¼ï Ýãèæ¥æÜUéçÚ¼ ã¢ï¼ï ãñæ JÝ»-Ý» ÐËH±¢ïæ ÜUï �¢�± çÜU�è ÜUï ¥ÏÎéH ã¢ï¼ï ãñçÜU�è ÜUï ÜUH¢}¢¥Hç±Î¢, ¥Hç±Î¢, ÜUH¢}¢,¥ÏÎéH ÜUH¢}¢ ¼é}ãïæ �H¢}¢ J

}¢¢ïçÝÜU¢x²¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢

Ï¢ïÅèÏ¢ïÅè ã¢ïÝ¢ Ð¢Ð ÝãèæÏ¢ïÅè ã¢ïÝ¢ ¥ç|¢à¢¢Ð Ýãèæ¶¢ÝÎ¢Ý ÜUè §Á�¼ ãñHïçÜUÝ �Ï¢ ÐñÎ¢ ã¢ï¼è ãñ¶¢ÝÎ¢Ý v²¢ïæ Í¢Ï¢Ú¢¼¢ ãñv²¢ïæ }¢é¶ ©Î¢� ã¢ï �¢¼¢ ãñ±ã |¢è �Ï¢ ÜUéÀ Ï¢Ý �ÜU¼è ãñÇ¢òvÅÚ, §æSÐïvÅÚ, Ï¢ñçÚSÅÚ¥Ï¢ Ï¢ïÅï Ï¢ÎH x¢» ãñÏ¢ÎH x¢§ü ©ÝÜUè ÐçÚ|¢¢¯¢¥Ï¢ ¼¢ï Ï¢ïÅè Îïà¢ ÜUè ¥¢à¢¢ !

¥¢Ú¼è Ú¢Ý¢Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

¥¢ï� ÜUè »ÜU Ï¢ê¡Î-�è ã¢ï¼è ãñ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡¥¢ï� ÜUè »ÜU Ï¢ê¡Î-�è ã¢ï¼è ãñæ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ JSÐà¢ü ¶éÚÎÚ¢ ã¢ï, ¼¢ï Ú¢ï¼è ãñæ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ JJÚ¢ïà¢Ý ÜUÚïx¢¢ Ï¢ïÅ¢, ¼¢ï »ÜU ãè ÜUéH ÜU¢ï JÎ¢ï - Î¢ï ÜUéH ÜUè H¢� ã¢ï¼è ãñæ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ JJÜU¢ï§ü Ýãèæ ãñ, Î¢ïS¼è, »ÜU Îê�Úï �ï ÜU}¢ JãèÚ¢ ¥x¢Ú ãñ Ï¢ïÅ¢, ¼¢ï }¢¢ï¼è ãñ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ JJÜU¢¡Å¢ïæ ÜUè Ú¢ã ÐÚ ¶éÎ ãè �H¼è Úãïx¢è J¥¢ñÚ¢ïæ ÜUï çH», ÈUêH ã¢ï¼è ãñ Ï¢ïçÅ²¢¡ JJ ãïy±è

�¢¼±èæ-¥

19



¥¢� ãè v²¢ïæ Ýãèæ ?»ÜU Ï¢¢Ú ÜUè Ï¢¢¼ ãñ çÜU »ÜU çà¢c² ¥ÐÝï x¢éL ÜU¢ Ï¢ãé¼ ¥¢ÎÚ-�}}¢¢Ý çÜU²¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ �¢ J x¢éL |¢è ¥ÐÝï §�

çà¢c² �ï Ï¢ãé¼ SÝïã ÜUÚ¼ï �ï HïçÜUÝ ±ã çà¢c² ¥ÐÝï ¥�²²Ý ÜUï Ðíç¼ ¥¢H�è ¥¢ñÚ S±|¢¢± �ï ÎèÍ¢ü�ê~¢è �¢ J �Î¢S±¢�²¢² �ï ÎêÚ |¢¢x¢Ýï ÜUè ÜU¢ïçà¢à¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ¼�¢ ¥¢� ÜUï ÜU¢}¢ ÜU¢ï ÜUH ÜUï çH» À¢ïÇG çÎ²¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ �¢ J ¥Ï¢ x¢éM�èÜUéÀ ô�ç¼¼ ÚãÝï Hx¢ï çÜU ÜUãèæ ©ÝÜU¢ ²ã çà¢c² �è±Ý-�æx¢í¢}¢ }¢ïæ ÐÚ¢ç�¼ Ý ã¢ï �¢²ï J ¥¢HS² }¢ïæ Ã²çQU ÜU¢ï¥ÜU}¢ü�² Ï¢Ý¢Ýï ÜUè ÐêÚè �¢}¢�²ü ã¢ï¼è ãñ J »ï�¢ Ã²çQU çÏ¢Ý¢ ÐçÚ�¢}¢ ÜUï ãè ÈUH¢ïÐ|¢¢ïx¢ ÜUè ÜU¢}¢Ý¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ J ±ãà¢èÍ¢í çÝ�¢ü² Ýãèæ Hï �ÜU¼¢ ¥¢ñÚ ²çÎ Hï |¢è Hï¼¢ ãñ, ¼¢ï ©�ï ÜU¢²¢üç�±¼ Ýãèæ ÜUÚ Ð¢¼¢ J ²ã¢¡ ¼ÜU çÜU ¥ÐÝï Ð²¢ü±Ú�¢ÜUï Ðíç¼ |¢è ��x¢ Ýãèæ Úã¼¢ ãñ ¥¢ñÚ Ý |¢¢x² m¢Ú¢ ÐíÎ�¢ �é¥±�Ú¢ïæ ÜU¢ H¢|¢ ©Æ¢Ýï ÜUè ÜUH¢ }¢ïæ ãè Ðí±è�¢ ã¢ï Ð¢¼¢ãñ J ©�ã¢ïæÝï }¢Ý ãè }¢Ý ¥ÐÝï çà¢c² ÜUï ÜUË²¢�¢ ÜUï çH» »ÜU ²¢ï�Ý¢ Ï¢Ý¢ Hè J »ÜU çÎÝ »ÜU ÜU¢Hï Ðy�Ú ÜU¢ »ÜUÅéÜUÇG¢ ©�ÜUï ã¢� }¢ïæ Îï¼ï ãé» x¢éL �è Ýï ÜUã¢ - �}¢ñæ ¼é}ãïæ ²ã �¢Îé§ü Ðy�Ú ÜU¢ ÅéÜUÇG¢, Î¢ï çÎÝ ÜUï çH» Îï ÜUÚ, ÜUãèæÎê�Úï x¢¢¡± �¢ Úã¢ ãê¡ J ç�� |¢è H¢ïãï ÜUè ±S¼é ÜU¢ï ¼é}¢ §��ï SÐà¢ü ÜUÚ¢ïx¢ï, ±ã S±�¢ü }¢ïæ ÐçÚ±<¼¼ ã¢ï �¢²ïx¢è J ÐÚ²¢Î Úãï çÜU Îê�Úï çÎÝ �ê²¢üS¼ ÜUï Ðp¢¼ }¢ñæ §�ï ¼é}¢�ï ±¢Ð� Hï Hê¡x¢¢ J�

çà¢c² §� �é¥±�Ú ÜU¢ï Ð¢ÜUÚ Ï¢ÇG¢ Ðí��Ý ãé¥¢ HïçÜUÝ ¥¢H�è ã¢ïÝï ÜUï ÜU¢Ú�¢ ©�Ýï ¥ÐÝ¢ ÐãH¢ çÎÝãè ÜUËÐÝ¢ ÜUÚ¼ï-ÜUÚ¼ï çÏ¢¼¢ çÎ²¢ çÜU �Ï¢ ©�ÜUï Ð¢� Ï¢ãé¼ �¢Ú¢ S±�¢ü ã¢ïx¢¢ ¼Ï¢ ±ã çÜU¼Ý¢ Ðí��Ý, �é¶è, �}¢ëh¥¢ñÚ �æ¼éC Úãïx¢¢, §¼Ýï Ý¢ñÜUÚ-�¢ÜUÚ ã¢ïæx¢ï çÜU ©�ï Ð¢Ýè ÐèÝï ÜUï çH» |¢è Ýãèæ ©ÆÝ¢ ÐÇGïx¢¢ J çÈUÚ Îê�Úï çÎÝ �Ï¢±ã Ðí¢¼:ÜU¢H �¢x¢¢, ©�ï ¥ÓÀè ¼Úã �ï S}¢Ú�¢ �¢ çÜU ¥¢� S±�¢ü Ð¢Ýï ÜU¢ Îê�Ú¢ ¥¢ñÚ ¥æç¼}¢ çÎÝ ãñ J ©�Ýï }¢Ý}¢ïæ ÐvÜU¢ ç±�¢Ú çÜU²¢ çÜU ¥¢� ±ã x¢éM�è m¢Ú¢ çÎ» x¢²ï ÜU¢Hï Ðy�Ú ÜU¢ H¢|¢ �GMÚ ©Æ¢»x¢¢ J ©�Ýï çÝp² çÜU²¢çÜU ±¢ï Ï¢¢�G¢Ú �ï H¢ïãï ÜUï Ï¢ÇGï-Ï¢ÇGï �¢}¢¢Ý ¶ÚèÎ ÜUÚ H¢²ïx¢¢ ¥¢ñÚ ©�ãïæ S±�¢ü }¢ïæ ÐçÚ±<¼¼ ÜUÚ Îïx¢¢ J çÎÝ Ï¢è¼¼¢x¢²¢, ÐÚ ±ã §�è �¢ï� }¢ïæ Ï¢ñÆ¢ Úã¢ çÜU ¥|¢è ¼¢ï Ï¢ãé¼ �}¢² ãñ, ÜU|¢è |¢è Ï¢¢�G¢Ú �¢ÜUÚ �¢}¢¢Ý Hï ¥¢»x¢¢ J ©�Ýï�¢ï�¢ çÜU ¥Ï¢ ¼¢ï Î¢ïÐãÚ ÜU¢ |¢¢ï�Ý ÜUÚÝï ÜUï Ðp¢¼ ãè �¢}¢¢Ý HïÝï çÝÜUHê¡x¢¢, ÐÚ |¢¢ï�Ý ÜUÚÝï ÜUï Ï¢¢Î ©�ï ç±�¢¢}¢ÜUÚÝï ÜUè ¥¢Î¼ �è, ¥¢ñÚ ©�Ýï Ï¢�¢²ï ©Æ ÜUï }¢ïãÝ¼ ÜUÚÝï ÜUï �¢ïÇGè ÎïÚ ¥¢Ú¢}¢ ÜUÚÝ¢ ©ç�¼ �}¢Û¢¢, ÐÚ ¥¢HS²�ï ÐçÚÐê�¢ü ©�ÜU¢ à¢ÚèÚ ÝèæÎ ÜUè x¢ãÚ¢§²¢ïæ }¢ïæ ¶¢ï x¢²¢, ¥¢ñÚ �Ï¢ ±¢ï ©Æ¢ ¼¢ï �ê²¢üS¼ ã¢ïÝï ÜU¢ï �¢ J ¥Ï¢ ±ã �ËÎè-�ËÎè Ï¢¢�G¢Ú ÜUè ¼ÚÈU |¢¢x¢Ýï Hx¢¢, ÐÚ Ú¢S¼ï }¢ïæ ãè ©�ï x¢éM�è ç}¢H x¢» ©�ãïæ Îï¶¼ï ãè ±ã ©ÝÜUï �Ú�¢¢ïæ ÐÚ çx¢ÚÜUÚ,©� �¢Îé§ü Ðy�Ú ÜU¢ï »ÜU çÎÝ ¥¢ñÚ ¥ÐÝï Ð¢� Ú¶Ýï ÜUï çH» ²¢�Ý¢ ÜUÚÝï Hx¢¢ HïçÜUÝ x¢éM�è Ýãèæ }¢¢Ýï ¥¢ñÚ ©�çà¢c² ÜU¢ {Ýè ã¢ïÝï ÜU¢ �ÐÝ¢ �êÚ-�êÚ ã¢ï x¢²¢ J ÐÚ §� Í¢ÅÝ¢ ÜUè ±�ã �ï çà¢c² ÜU¢ï »ÜU Ï¢ãé¼ Ï¢ÇGè �è¶ ç}¢Hx¢²è J ©�ï ¥ÐÝï ¥¢HS² ÐÚ ÐÀ¼¢±¢ ã¢ïÝï Hx¢¢, ±ã �}¢Û¢ x¢²¢ çÜU ¥¢HS² ©�ÜUï �è±Ý ÜUï çH» »ÜU ¥ç|¢à¢¢Ðãñ ¥¢ñÚ ©�Ýï Ðí�¢ çÜU²¢ çÜU ¥Ï¢ ±¢ï ÜU|¢è |¢è ÜU¢}¢ �ï �è Ýãèæ �éÚ¢»x¢¢ ¥¢ñÚ »ÜU ÜU}¢üÆ, ��x¢ ¥¢ñÚ �çRU² Ã²çQUÏ¢Ý ÜUÚ çÎ¶¢²ïx¢¢ J

ç}¢~¢¢ïæ, �è±Ý }¢ïæ ãÚ çÜU�è ÜU¢ï »ÜU �ï Ï¢ÉGÜUÚ »ÜU ¥±�Ú ç}¢H¼ï ãñæ, ÐÚ ÜU§ü H¢ïx¢ §�ãïæ Ï¢� ¥ÐÝï ¥¢HS²ÜUï ÜU¢Ú�¢ x¢±¢¡ Îï¼ï ãñæ, §�çH» }¢ñæ ²ãè ÜUãÝ¢ �¢ã¼è ãê¡ çÜU ²çÎ ¥¢Ð �ÈUH, �é¶è, |¢¢x²à¢¢Hè, {Ýè ¥�±¢ }¢ã¢ÝÏ¢ÝÝ¢ �¢ã¼ï ãñæ ¼¢ï ¥¢HS² ¥¢ñÚ ÎèÍ¢ü�ê~¢¼¢ ÜU¢ï y²¢x¢ÜUÚ, ¥ÐÝï ¥æÎÚ ç±±ïÜU, ÜUC�¢�² �¢}¢, ¥¢ñÚ �¼¼ì �¢x¢MÜU¼¢�ñ�ï x¢é�¢¢ïæ ÜU¢ï ç±ÜUç�¼ ÜUèç�²ï ¥¢ñÚ �Ï¢ ÜU|¢è ¥¢ÐÜUï }¢Ý }¢ïæ çÜU�è ¥¢±à²ÜU ÜU¢}¢ ÜU¢ï Å¢HÝï ÜU¢ ç±�¢Ú ¥¢²ï¼¢ï S±²æ �ï »ÜU ÐíàÝ ÜUèç�²ï - �¥¢� ãè v²¢ïæ Ýãèæ ?� ¥ç}¢¼ Ú¢�¢±¼

Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢

20



» }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï çÈUÚ �ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ÜU}¢èæ�G ÜUï Ï¢ÅÝ ªÐÚ Ýè�ï Hx¢¢Ý¢±¢ï ¥ÐÝï Ï¢¢H ¶éÎ Ý¢ ÜU¢ÉG Ð¢Ý¢Ðè Åè à¢ê�G ÜU¢ï �¢òÜU �ï �}¢ÜU¢Ý¢±¢ï ÜU¢Hï �ê¼¢ï ÜU¢ïæ ÐñæÅ �ï Ð¢ïÀ¼ï �¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï Ï¢ÇGï Ý¢¶êÝ¢ïæ ÜU¢ï Î¢æ¼ �ï �Ï¢¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ HïÅ ¥¢Ýï ÐÚ }¢ñÎ¢Ý ÜUï �vÜUÚ Hx¢¢Ý¢±¢ï Ðíï²Ú ÜUï �}¢² vH¢� }¢ïæ MÜU �¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ ÐÜUÇGï �¢Ýï ÐÚ ÐïÅÎÎü ÜU¢ Ï¢ã¢Ý¢ Ï¢Ý¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

x¢éS�ï }¢ïæ »ÜU Îê�Úï ÜUè ÜU}¢è�G ÐÚ S²¢ãè çx¢Ú¢Ý¢±¢ïï HèÜU ÜUÚ¼ï ÐïÝ ÜU¢ï Ï¢¢H¢ïæ �ï Ð¢ïÀ¼ï �¢Ý¢Ï¢¢�M}¢ }¢ïæ �ê¼Hè Ï¢¢ò}¢ ÐÚ ¥x¢ÚÏ¢�¢è Hx¢¢ÜUï ÀéÐ¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ ©�ÜUï ÈUÅÝï ÐÚ çÜU¼Ý¢ }¢¢�ê}¢ Ï¢Ý �¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï x¢ï}� ÐèçÚ²Ç ÜUï çH» �Ú �è ÜU¢ï }¢Ý¢Ý¢²êçÝÅ ÅïSÅ ÜU¢ï Å¢HÝï ÜUï çH» ©Ý�ï çx¢ÇGçx¢ÇG¢Ý¢�¢ÇG¢ïæ }¢ïæ Ï¢¢ãÚ {êÐ }¢ïæ vH¢� Hx¢±¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ ©Ý�ï Í¢Ú ÐçÚ±¢Ú ÜUï çÜUS�ï �éÝ¼ï �¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï Ï¢ïÚ ±¢Hè ÜUï Ï¢ïÚ �éÐÜUï �ï �éÚ¢Ý¢H¢H-ÜU¢H¢ �êÚÝ ¶¢ »ÜU Îê�Úï ÜU¢ï �è|¢ çÎ¶¢Ý¢�H�èÚ¢, §}¢Hè Îï¶ �}¢ÜUÚ H¢Ú ÅÐÜU¢Ý¢�¢�è �ï ¥¢§üSRUè}¢ ç¶H¢Ýï ÜUè ç}¢�Ý¼ïæ ÜUÚ¼ï �¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï »x�G¢}¢ �ï ÐãHï x¢éM�è ÜUï �vÜUÚ Hx¢¢Ý¢Hx¢¢¼¢Ú Ï¢� ÐíàÝ ãè ÐêÀ¼ï �¢Ý¢±¢ï ©ÝÜU¢ ÐêÚè çÜU¼¢Ï¢ }¢ïæ çÝà¢¢Ý Hx¢¢Ý¢

Ðíç¼|¢¢Î�±èæ-Ï¢

¥¢ñÚ ã}¢¢Ú¢ ÉïGÚ �¢Úï ÜU¢ï�ü ÜU¢ï Îï¶ �ÜUÚ¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï ÈUï²Ú±ïH Ð¢Åèü }¢ïæ ÐïSÅîè �}¢¢ï�ï ¶¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ �êçÝ²Ú HÇGÜUï ÜU¢ Ï¢íïÜU Ç¢æ� çÎ¶¢Ý¢±¢ï Îê�Úï Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜU¢ }¢�G¢ÜU ©ÇG¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ Å¢§üÅH ç}¢HÝï ÐÚ ã}¢¢Ú¢ ãè ç¼Hç}¢H¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

±¢ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH ÜU¢ }¢éÛ¢ï ²ã¢¡ ¼ÜU Ðãé¡�¢Ý¢¥¢ñÚ }¢ïÚ¢ ¶éÎ }¢ïæ ¶¢ï ©�ï |¢êH �¢Ý¢Ï¢¢�G¢Ú }¢ïæ çÜU�è ÐçÚç�¼ �ï ÅÜUÚ¢Ý¢±¢ï �±¢Ý x¢éM�è ÜU¢ Ï¢êÉG¢ �ïãÚ¢ �¢}¢Ýï ¥¢Ý¢»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

»ï }¢ïÚï SÜUêH }¢éÛ¢ï �GÚ¢ çÈUÚ �ï ¼¢ï Ï¢éH¢Ý¢ J

Ðí¢�üÝ¢�éÜUêÝ ©¼Ý¢ ãè ÎïÝ¢Ðí|¢é ç�¼Ýï �ï ô�Îx¢è �H �¢»¡,¥¢ñÜU¢¼ Ï¢� §¼Ýè ÎïÝ¢ çÜU,¥¢ñÚ¢ïæ ÜU¢ |¢H¢ ã¢ï �¢»¡,çÚà¼¢ïæ }¢ïæ x¢ãÚ¢§ü §¼Ýè ã¢ï, çÜU,�²¢Ú �ï çÝ|¢ �¢»¡,¥¢¡¶¢ïæ }¢ïæ à¢}¢ü §¼Ýè ÎïÝ¢, çÜU,Ï¢é�éx¢¢ïZ ÜU¢ }¢¢Ý Ú¶ Ð¢²ïæ,�¢¡�ï ôÐ�Ú }¢ïæ §¼Ýè ã¢ï, çÜU,Ï¢� ÝïÜU ÜU¢}¢ ÜUÚ �¢»¡,Ï¢¢ÜUè ©}¢í Hï HïÝ¢, çÜU,¥¢ñÚ¢ïæ ÐÚ Ï¢¢ïÛ¢ Ý Ï¢Ý �¢»¡ J

çÝ±ïçÎ¼¢Ï¢¢Úã±èæ-Ï¢

21



�è}¢¢¥¢ïæ ÜUï ç�¼¢Úï¥Úï ²¢Î ÜUÚ¢ï ©Ý à¢ãèÎ¢ïæ ÜU¢ï,ç��ãïæ Ï¢ï�¢ ¼é}¢Ýï Ðñ�¢ïæ �ï

ã}¢Ýï ãè ¼¢ï �è¼¢²¢ ¼é}¢ÜU¢ï¥ÐÝï - ¥ÐÝï ±¢ïÅ¢ïæ �ï

x¢¢Ýï ¼¢ï Ï¢ãé¼ Ï¢Ýï, ©Ý Ý¢ÅÜU¢ïæ ¥¢ñÚ çÈUË}¢¢ïæ ÐïÜU¢ï§ü »ÜU x¢¢Ý¢ ¼¢ï Ï¢Ý¢¼¢, ©Ý Îïà¢ |¢QU �±¢Ý¢ïæ Ðï

Ï¢� ²ãè ÜUãÝ¢ �¢ãê¡x¢¢,©Ý ±èÚ Îïà¢ ÜUï �±¢Ý¢ïæ Ðï J

�¢ï HÇG Úãï ãñæ ¥¢� |¢è,Îïà¢ ÜUè �è}¢¢¥¢ïæ Ðï J

ÜUãÝï ÐÚ ÜUã¼ï ãñæ ÜUè »ÜU H¢¶ çÎ» à¢ãèÎ¢ïæ ÜU¢ï¥Úï }¢ñæ Ï¢è� H¢¶ Îï¼¢ ãê¡, |¢ï� ÜUï çÎ¶¢¥¢ï¥ÐÝï Ï¢Ó�¢ïæ ÜU¢ï J

�éÜU¢�¼Ý±}¢è-¥

|¢íC¢�¢Ú�Ï¢ }¢Ú �¢¼¢ ãñ ç±±ïÜU ¥¢ñÚ ç±�¢Ú ±ãè ��}¢

Hï¼¢ ãñ |¢íC¢�¢Ú JÜUëç¯ Ðí{¢Ý ²ã Îïà¢ ã}¢¢Ú¢,

çÝ¼ �ÉG¼¢ ¥Ý¢�G ÜU¢ ª¡�¢ Ð¢Ú¢ JçÎ¶¢±ï ÜUï �é¶ ÜUï çH» Ï¢ï� Îï¼ï §ü}¢¢Ý ãñ,

§� Ï¢ÇGï }¢x¢Ú }¢ã¢Ý Îïà¢ }¢ñæ ÜUÚ¢ïÇG¢ï Ï¢ï§ü}¢¢Ý ãñ}¢ïãÝ¼ �ï Úã¼ï ã}¢ ÜU¢ñ�¢ï ÎêÚ,

çÈUÚ |¢è Ðñ�ï �¢çã» �Ï¢ÜU¢ï |¢ÚÐêÚÏ¢è}¢¢çÚ²¢ïæ �ï }¢Ú¼ï H¢ïx¢ ãñ ÐÚ çÈUÚ |¢è Î±¢§ü²¢ïæ

}¢ïæ Í¢¢ïÅ¢H¢ ãñ, ¥¢� ç±à± }¢ïæ|¢íC¢�¢Ú ÜU¢ Ï¢¢ïH-Ï¢¢H¢ ãñ J

¥¢¥¢ï, ã}¢ �Ï¢ ç}¢HÜUÚ ²ã Ðí�¢ Hï çÜU,ç±±ïÜU ¥¢ñÚ ç±�¢Ú ÜU¢ï �x¢¢»æx¢ï

|¢íC¢�¢Ú ÜU¢ï �ÇG �ï ç}¢Å¢»æx¢ï J�¢ïã¢

Î�±èæ-Ï¢

ÜUH²éx¢ ÜU¢ Ú¢}¢ÜUH²éx¢ ÜUè Ú¢}¢¢²�¢ ÜU¢ Ú¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢}¢ïÚï Îïà¢ ÜU¢ ÜUH¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢�¢ï Îï¼¢ �¢ »ÜU¼¢ ÜU¢ Ðñx¢¢}¢±¢ï ÜUH¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢ç�Ý�ï ãé§ü Îéà¢}¢Ý¢ïæ ÜUè ÝèæÎ ãÚ¢}¢±¢ï ............ç��Ýï çÎ²¢ Îïà¢ ÜU¢ï ÐÚ}¢¢�¢é �H¢}¢±¢ï ...............v²¢ Ï¢¼¢ª¡ Î¢ïS¼¢ïæ±¼Ý ÜU¢ �Ï¢�ï Ï¢ÇG¢ ã}¢Ý¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢,}¢ïÚ¢ ÜUH¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢, ã}¢¢Ú¢ ÜUH¢}¢ �H¢ x¢²¢ J

Ð¢MHÝ±èæ-Ï¢

Îïà¢x¢í¢}¢, Ýx¢Ú ²¢ ÜUéÀ H¢ïx¢¢ïæ ÜU¢ ÜU¢}¢ Ýãè ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ Îïà¢�æ�Î �ÇGÜU¢ïæ ¥¢²¢ïx¢¢ïæ ÜU¢ Ý¢}¢ Ýãèæ ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ Îïà¢,Îïà¢ Ýãèæ ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ ÜUï±H �è}¢¢¥¢ïæ �ï çÍ¢Ú¢ }¢ÜU¢Ý,Îïà¢ Ýãèæ ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ ÜU¢ï§ü ��è ãé§ü ª¡�è ÎéÜU¢Ý JÎïà¢ Ýãèæ ±¢ï vHÏ¢ ç��}¢ïæ Ï¢ñÆ �Î¢ ÜUÚ¼ï Úãïæ ã}¢ }¢¢ñ�,Îïà¢ Ýãèæ ÜUï±H Ï¢æÎêÜUïæ Îïà¢ Ýãèæ ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ ÈU¢ñ� J�ã¢¡ Ðíï}¢ ÜUï ÎèÐÜU �H¼ï ±ãèæ ãé¥¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ Îïà¢,�Á�Ý �èÝ¢ ¼¢Ýï �H¼ï ±ãèæ ãé¥¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ Îïà¢,ãÚ çÎH }¢ïæ ¥Ú}¢¢Ý }¢�H¼ï ±ãèæ ãé¥¢ ÜUÚ¼¢ ãñ Îïà¢ JÐãHï ã}¢ ¶éÎ ÜU¢ï Ðã�¢Ýïæ çÈUÚ Ðã�¢Ýïæ ¥ÐÝ¢ Îïà¢,»ÜU Î}¢ÜU¼¢ �y² Ï¢Ýïx¢¢ Ýãèæ Úãïx¢¢ �ÐÝ¢ Îïà¢ J

x¢çÚ}¢¢¥¢Æ±èæ-Ï¢

22



¥ÝéRU}¢ç�¢ÜU¢�æSÜUë¼ ç±|¢¢x¢

1. �æSÜUë¼-x¢è¼}¢ì Ðí¼èÿ¢¢ �ñÝè, ¥C}¢è-¥2. �ê²ü Ý}¢SÜU¢Ú: }¢¢²¢ ÜUà²Ð, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢3. Ã²¢±ã¢çÚÜU à¢ÏÎ¢Ý¢æ ÜU¢ïà¢: ¥¢çÎy² ¥¢ÝæÎ çÝ�¢H, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢4. S�¢Ý¢çÝ (S�¢Ý) Places Ðíèà¢¢ ÎêÎÐéÚè, �#}¢è-Ï¢5. ÐécÐ¢ç�¢ ÜU¢ï}¢HÐíè¼, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢6. Ð¢ÐS² ÜUéÅé}Ï¢}¢ì ¥}¢Ý ÜUï�Úè, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢7. à¢ñÿ¢ç�¢ÜU çà¢ÿ¢¢ à¢ÏÎ¢: �æÏ¢æ{è Education �¢ï²¢ ¥¶¢Ýè, �#}¢è-¥8. ÜUS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì çÜU}¢ì ? ¶éà¢è à¢évH¢, Îà¢±èæ-¥9. �éÐí|¢¢¼}¢ì ¥Ð�¢¢ü ²¢Î±, �#}¢è-¥10. ç±ç±{¢: S±¢ÎêçÝ (S±¢Î) Taste Ðíèà¢¢ ÎêÎÐéÚè, �#}¢è-Ï¢11. ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì �è±Ýï ¥Ýéà¢¢�Ý}¢ì ç±|¢¢æà¢é x¢¢ïçH²¢, »ÜU¢Îà¢}¢è-¥12. �ç±l¢²¢: }¢çã}¢¢� Á²¢ïç¼ Ú¢�¢¢, ¥C}¢è-¥13. �}¢²S² }¢çã}¢¢ }¢¢Ý± ô�ã, Ý±}¢è-¥14. ÎñçÝÜU-à¢ÏÎ¢: ¼çÝcÜU¢ Ð�Ç¢, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢15. ¥¢|¢ê �¢}¢ì Ð±ü �ñÝ, �#}¢è-Ï¢16. çÜU}¢ì y±}¢ì �¢Ý¢ç� ? �éçÐí²¢, ¯Dè-Ï¢17. �æSÜUë¼�²ï²±¢v²¢çÝ Îèÿ¢¢ �ñÝè, �#}¢è-¥18. Ú¢x¢ ²}¢Ýì ÜUË²¢�¢è ç±ÍÝïà¢, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢19. |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢: ÜU¢�H Ðí�¢Ðç¼, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢20. �æSÜUë¼}¢ì }¢¢²¢ ÜUà²Ð, ¥C}¢è-Ï¢21. �æ�HÝx¢è¼}¢ì |¢¢±ïà¢ �¢ñ{Úè, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢22. }¢}¢ Îïà¢: |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì Ú¢�ÝæçÎÝè �ÜíU±¼èü, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢23. ç±l¢ ¥çÎ¼è ô�ã, ¥cÅ}¢è-¥24. Ú¢cÅîñÜU¼¢ Úïà¢}¢¢, Ý±}¢è-¥25. �æSÜUë¼x¢è¼}¢ì Á²¢ïç¼, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢26. �é|¢¢ç¯¼¢çÝ }¢¢Ý�è ô�ã, Ý±}¢è-¥27. x¢�¢Ð¼ï: ¥±¼¢Ú: ¶éà¢Ï¢é, ¥cÅ}¢è-Ï¢28. �æSÜUë¼ àH¢ïÜU¢: Ðë�é ô�ã, �#}¢è-¥29. ã¢S²}¢ì �¢ï²¢ ÜUÏ¢Ç¢ïH¢, ¥C}¢è-¥30. }¢ã¢ÜUç±: ÜU¢çHÎ¢�: ¥¢Ú¼è Ú¢�¢¢, Ý±}¢è-Ï¢31. �æSÜUë¼|¢¢¯¢ Ú¢}¢çÝ±¢� }¢¢Hè, Ðí.SÝ¢.çà¢. (�æSÜUë¼)

RU}¢ ç±¯² Ý¢}¢

23



�æSÜUë¼-x¢è¼}¢ìÜU¢çHÎ¢�: �Ýï-�Ýï, ÜU�Æï-ÜU�Æï �æSÜUë¼}¢ì Jx¢í¢}¢ï-x¢í¢}¢ï, Ýx¢Úï-Ýx¢Úï, x¢ïãï-x¢ïãï �æSÜUë¼}¢ì JJ�ÚH¢ |¢¢¯¢, }¢{éÚ¢ |¢¢¯¢, çÎÃ²¢ |¢¢¯¢ �æSÜUë¼}¢ì JJ}¢éçÝ�Ý ±¢�¢è ÜUç±�Ý ±¢�¢è, Ï¢é{�Ý±¢�¢è �æSÜUë¼}¢ì JS�¢Ýï S�¢Ýï |¢¢Ú¼Îïà¢æ, �ÎÝï-�ÎÝï �æSÜUë¼}¢ì J}¢éçÝ�Ý ±¢�À¢, ÜUç±�Ý ±¢�À¢, Ï¢é{�Ý±¢�À¢ �æSÜUë¼}¢ì J�ÎìÃ²±ã¢Úï �éÜU¢²üÿ¢ï~¢ï, ±¢¼¢üH¢Ðï �æSÜUë¼}¢ì J

Ðí¼èÿ¢¢ �ñÝè¥C}¢è-¥

Ã²¢±ã¢çÚÜU à¢ÏÎ¢Ý¢æ ÜU¢ïà¢:

¥¢çÎy² ¥¢ÝæÎ çÝ�¢H¥C}¢è-Ï¢

(1) çÐ¼¢ - �ÝÜU:(2) }¢¢¼¢ - �ÝÝè(3) Î¢Î¢ - çÐ¼¢}¢ã:(4) Î¢Îè - çÐ¼¢}¢ãè(5) �¢�¢ - çÐ¼ëÃ²:(6) �¢�è - çÐ¼ëÃ²¢(7) |¢¢§ü - |¢í¢¼¢(8) Ï¢ÇG¢ |¢¢§ü - ¥x¢í�:(9) À¢ïÅ¢ |¢¢§ü - ¥Ýé�:(10) |¢¢|¢è - |¢¢¼ë�¢²¢(11) Ï¢ãÝ - |¢çx¢Ýè(12) Ï¢é¥¢ - çÐ¼ëc±�¢(13) }¢¢}¢¢ - }¢¢¼éH:(14) }¢¢}¢è - }¢¢¼éH¢Ýè(15) ÐyÝè - |¢¢²¢ü(16) ��éÚ - à±�éÚ:(17) �¢� - à±�¢é:(18) Ï¢ãê - Ðé~¢±{ê:(19) |¢¼è�¢ - |¢¢¼ë�:(20) Î¢}¢¢Î - �¢}¢¢¼¢

�ê²ü Ý}¢SÜU¢Ú:ú ç}¢~¢¢² Ý}¢:ú Ú±²ï Ý}¢:ú �ê²¢ü² Ý}¢:ú |¢¢Ý±ï Ý}¢:ú ¶x¢¢² Ý}¢:ú Ðêc�¢ï Ý}¢:ú ãçÚ�²x¢|¢¢ü² Ý}¢:ú }¢Úè�²ï Ý}¢:ú ¥¢çÎy²¢² Ý}¢:ú �ç±~¢ï Ý}¢:ú ¥ÜU¢ü² Ý}¢:ú |¢¢SÜUÚ¢² Ý}¢:ú �¢è �ç±¼ë �ê²üÝ¢Ú¢²�¢¢² Ý}¢:

}¢¢²¢ ÜUà²Ð¥C}¢è-Ï¢

S�¢Ý¢çÝ (S�¢Ý) Places�æSÜUë¼ çã�Îè ¥æx¢íï�èx¢ëã}¢ì Í¢Ú Home

Ýx¢Ú}¢ì Ýx¢Ú City

x¢í¢}¢}¢ì x¢¢¡± Village

¥¢Ð�¢}¢ì ÎéÜU¢Ý Shop

ÿ¢ï~¢}¢ì ¶ï¼ Field

ç±l¢H²: Ð¢Æà¢¢H¢ School

Îïà¢: Îïà¢ Country

Ðí¢�¼}¢ì ÐíÎïà¢ State

Ï¢� ¥¢S�¢Ý}¢ì Ï¢� ¥ÇìÇ¢ Bus Stop

ÜU¢²¢üH²: ÜU¢²¢üH² Office

¥¢Úÿ¢èÜUï�Îí: ÐéçH��¢Ý¢ Police Station

Îéx¢ü}¢ì çÜUH¢ Fort

Ðíèà¢¢ ÎêÎÐéÚè�#}¢è-Ï¢

24



à¢ñÿ¢ç�¢ÜU çà¢ÿ¢¢ à¢ÏÎ¢: �æÏ¢æ{èEducation

Ð~¢}¢ì ÜU¢x¢� (Paper)ÐéS¼ÜU}¢ì ÐéS¼ÜU (Book)¥|²¢� ÐéçS¼ÜU¢ ÜU¢òÐè (Note Book)Hïç¶Ýè ÜUH}¢ (Pen)±ïCÝ}¢ì / S²ê¼: Ï¢S¼¢ (School Bag)

�¢ï²¢ ¥¶¢Ýè�#}¢è-¥

Ð¢ÐS² ÜUéÅé}Ï¢}¢ìÐ¢ÐS² çÐ¼¢ - H¢ï|¢: JÐ¢ÐS² }¢¢¼¢ - ôã�¢ JÐ¢ÐS² |¢í¢¼¢ - ¥�y² JÐ¢ÐS² |¢çx¢Ýè - ÜUé}¢ç¼: JÐ¢ÐS² |¢¢²¢ü - §üc²¢ü JÐ¢ÐS² �é¼: - S±¢�ü: JÐ¢ÐS² Îéçã¼¢ - ¼ëc�¢¢ JÐ¢ÐS² ÜUéÅé}Ï¢: - ÜUçH²éx¢: JÐ¢ÐS² à¢~¢é: - �y²}¢ì J

¥}¢Ý ÜUï�Úè¥C}¢è-Ï¢

ÐécÐ¢ç�¢(1) ÜU}¢H}¢ì / ÐÑìÜU�}¢ì

ÝèÚ�}¢ì - ÜU}¢H(2) �²¢, �¢LÜUï�Ú¢ - x¢éH¢Ï¢(3) }¢¢H¼è ÐécÐ}¢ì - �}¢ïHè(4) �ê²üÜU¢ç�¼: - �êÚ�}¢é¶è(5) ÜU<�¢ÜU¢Ú}¢ì - ÜUÝïÚ(6) �}ÐÜU}¢ì - �}Ð¢(7) ©yÐH}¢ì - ÝèHÜU}¢H

ÜU¢ï}¢HÐíè¼¥C}¢è-Ï¢

ÜUS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì çÜU}¢ì ?À¢~¢¢�¢¢}¢ì - ç±l¢{Ý}¢ì�Á�Ý¢Ý¢æ - ÐÚ¢ïÐÜU¢Ú:¼ÐçS±Ý: - §ç�Îí²çÝx¢íã:�ñçÝÜUS² - à¢¢ñ²ü}¢ì}¢¢Ý±S² - }¢{éÚ±¢�¢èÎïà¢S² - »ÜU¼¢Ú¢¿¢: - Ðí�¢Ð¢HÝ}¢ì�ï±ÜU¢Ý¢}¢ì - ¥¢¿¢¢Ð¢HÝ}¢ì

¶éà¢è à¢évH¢Îà¢±èæ-¥

ç±ç±{¢: S±¢ÎêçÝ (S±¢Î) Taste}¢{éÚ: }¢èÆ¢ Sweet¥}H: ¶ÅìÅ¢ Sourç¼v¼: ¼è¶¢ PierceÜU¯¢²: ÜU�ñH¢ PungentÜUÅé: ÜUÇG±¢ BitterH±�¢: Ý}¢ÜUèÝ Salty

Ðíèà¢¢ ÎêÎÐéÚè�#}¢è-Ï¢

�éÐí|¢¢¼}¢ì�ê²ü: Ðê±üçÎà¢¢²¢}¢ì ©Îïç¼Ð�¢ü¼é¯¢Ú}¢ì ÐíÜU¢à¢²ç¼ÐécÐ¢ç�¢ ç±ÜU�ç�¼¼S² ©ÐçÚ |¢í}¢Ú¢: |¢í}¢ç�¼ J¶x¢¢: ÜUê�ç�¼}¢ç�ÎÚï ÉvÜU¢ �¢ê²¼ï{ïÝé: Îéx{æ ²ÓÀç¼ÐíÜUëç¼: ¥¼è± }¢Ý¢ïÚ}¢¢ ¥çS¼ J�éÐí|¢¢¼}¢ì J ¥Ð�¢¢ü ²¢Î±

�#}¢è-¥

25



¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì �è±Ýï ¥Ýéà¢¢�Ý}¢ì¥Ýéà¢¢�Ýæ Ý¢}¢ ¥¢y}¢¢Ýéà¢¢�Ý}¢ì J ¥Ýé + à¢¢�ì + Ë²éÅ = ¥Ýéà¢¢�Ý}¢ì J ¥�¢ü¼ì ¥~¢ ç±çà¢Cæ çÝ²æ~¢�¢æ

çÝ²}¢¢Ý¢æ Ð¢HÝæ � |¢±ç¼ ¼~¢ �éÃ²±S�¢ |¢±ç¼ J�è±ÝS² Ðíy²ïÜU ¥±S�¢²¢}¢ì ¥Ýéà¢¢�ÝS² }¢ã¼è ©Ð¢Îï²¼¢ J ±¼ü}¢¢Ýï ²¼ì çÜU}¢çÐ }¢¢Ý±ïÝ ¥<�¼æ ¼¼ì

¥Ýéà¢¢�ÝS² »± ÈUH}¢ì J¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼¢ï |¢êy±¢ ±ñ¿¢¢çÝÜU¢: Ðí²¢ïx¢¢Ýì ÜUé±üç�¼ ¥¢ç±cÜU¢Ú¢Ýì ÜUé±üç�¼ �ÈUH¼¢Ð²ü�¼æ Ðí²¢�}¢¢Ý¢: ÜU}¢üç�¢

çÝÚ¼¢: |¢±�¼èç¼ J »ÜU: ±ñ}¢¢çÝÜU: ²çÎ ¥Ýéà¢¢�ÝãèÝ¼¢æ ÜUÚ¢ïç¼ �ï¼ì ÎéÍ¢üÅÝ¢ |¢±ç¼ J çà¢ÿ¢ÜU: ¥ÝÝéà¢¢çS¼:�ï¼ì À¢~¢¢�¢¢æ ÐÚèÿ¢¢ ÐçÚ�¢¢}¢: ©�¢}¢: Ý |¢ç±c²ç¼ J à¢ÚèÚ}¢ì }¢Ýà� ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼ï Ý S²¢¼ì �ï¼ì ç±ç±{Ú¢ïx¢¢:�¢²�¼ï J ÐíÜUëç¼ÚçÐ ²çÎ ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼¢ |¢±ï¼ì �ï¼ì ¥ç¼±ëçC:, ¥Ý¢±ëçC:, |¢êÜU}Ð:, §y²¢Î²: Ðí¢ÜUëç¼ÜUç±ÐÎ:|¢±ç�¼ J §üà±Ú¢ïùçÐ ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼: ¥çS¼ ¥ÝïÝñ± �: �x¢¼ì �éDé¼²¢ �¢H²ç¼ J ¼S² Îïà¢S² �Ý¢: ²¢±¼ì¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼¢: �ç�¼ �: Îïà¢: ¼¢±¼ì ç±ÜUç�¼¢ï |¢±ï¼ì J ²�¢ - ��¢Ð¢Ý Îïà¢:� ¥S² ©Î¢ãÚ�¢}¢ì J

²çÎ ±²æ �ÈUH¼¢}¢ì §ÓÀï}¢ì �ï¼ì ¥Ýéà¢¢ç�¼¢: |¢±ï}¢ì J çÎÝS² ¥¢Ú}|¢¢¼ì »± »¼¼ì ÐíÎ<à¢¼æ ÐçÚHçÿ¢¼æ� S²¢¼ì J �}¢²ï ©y�¢Ýæ çÝy² ÜU}¢¢üç�¢, ¥�²²Ýæ, ÜU¢²Z, |¢¢ï�Ýæ à¢²Ý}¢ì §y²¢Î²: J

ç±l¢<�Ý: à±: ²é±¢Ý: |¢ç±c²ç�¼ ¼S}¢¢¼ì ¼ï ¥Ýéà¢¢�ÝS² S²é: J ¥Ýéà¢¢�Ý çà¢ÿ¢¢ ¼ï|²: Î¢¼Ã²¢, ¼Î¢¼ï S±²}¢ï± �¢x¢LÜU¢: |¢êy±¢ S±ÜU¢²Z ÜUçÚc²ç�¼ J ¥¢y}¢Ý: Îïà¢S² � ÜUË²¢�¢¢² �}¢h�Z Ðí²¼}¢¢Ý¢: |¢ç±c²ç�¼§ç¼ J ç±|¢¢æà¢é x¢¢ïçH²¢

»ÜU¢Îà¢}¢è-¥

�ç±l¢²¢: }¢çã}¢¢�ç±l¢ ¥S}¢¢ÜUæ ÎéÃ²ü�Ýæ ÎêÚæ ÜUÚ¢ïç¼ J ç±l¢

¥S}¢¢ÜUæ ¥¿¢¢Ý¼¢}¢ì ¥ÐÝ²ç¼ J ç±l¢ ¥S}¢¢Ýì©ç�¼¢Ýéç�¼²¢ï: ¿¢¢Ýæ ÜU¢Ú²ç¼ J ç±l²¢ }¢¢Ý±:

x¢é�¢±¢Ýì |¢±ç¼ J ç±l¢ ¥S}¢¢ÜUæ çã¼ÜU¢çÚ�¢è |¢±ç¼ Jç±l¢²¢: Ï¢HïÝñ± ç±Îé¯¢æ Ðê�¢ �±ü~¢ |¢±ç¼ J

ç±l²¢ ±²æ ©Ó�ÐÎæ ç±�Î¢}¢: J »¯¢ �æSÜU¢Ú¢Ýé�¢Úæ�çH¼éæ ÐíïÚ²ç¼ J »¯¢ ¥S}¢|²æ �ÎìÏ¢éôh ²ÓÀç¼ J

ç±l¢ ç±Ý²æ ÎÎ¢ç¼ J ç±Ý²¢¼ì ²¢ïx²¼¢ ¥¢x¢ÓÀç¼ J²¢ïx²¼²¢ ±²æ {Ýæ H|¢¢}¢ãï J

¼¼: {ÝïÝ �é¶æ ¥Ýé|¢±¢}¢: J ç±l²¢¥S}¢¢ÜUæ �}}¢¢Ýæ ±{ü¼ï ²à¢: � Ðí�Úç¼ J

¥¼: ¥S}¢¢ç|¢: ç±l¢ Ðí¢#Ã²¢ J ²¼: à¢¢�ï±<�¢¼}¢ì :-

�ç±l¢ç±ãèÝ: Ðà¢é: J�Á²¢ïç¼ Ú¢�¢¢¥C}¢è-¥

�}¢²S² }¢çã}¢¢�}¢²: »ÜU: ÎÐü�¢: ¥çS¼,²çS}¢Ýì �¼¢}¢ì ¥�¼¢}¢ì � }¢é¶}¢ì Îëà²¼ï J�}¢²: »ÜU¢ ¥¢ñ¯ç{ ¥çS¼:,²ïÝ }¢Ý�: ±í�¢æ |¢Úç¼ J�}¢² »ÜU¢ ÝÎè ¥çS¼,²S² Ðí±¢ã: ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì �è±Ýæ ±ãç¼ J�}¢²: ¼S² à¢~¢é: ¥çS¼:,²: »¼S² }¢êË²}¢ì Ý �¢Ý¢ç¼ J�}¢²: ¼S² |¢í¢¼¢ ¥çS¼,²: »¼S²æ �}}¢¢Ýæ ÜUÚ¢ïç¼ J�}¢²: ¥S}¢¢ÜUæ Ð� ÐíÎà¢üÜU: ¥çS¼ J²: ¥S}¢¢Ýì ¥x¢íï x¢�¼é}¢ì çà¢ÿ¢²ç¼ J

}¢¢Ý± ô�ãÝ±}¢è-¥

26



ÎñçÝÜU-à¢ÏÎ¢:Good morning : �éÐí|¢¢¼æ , à¢é|¢Ðí¢¼: , Ý}¢S¼ï JGood afternoon : à¢é|¢-¥ÐÚ¢ãìÝ}¢ìGood evening : à¢é|¢æ �¢²}¢ì / à¢é|¢ - �æ�²¢Good night : à¢é|¢ - Ú¢~¢}¢ì , à¢é|¢ - Ú¢ç~¢:Good day : à¢é|¢ - çÎÝ}¢ìPleased to meet you : |¢±ÎìÎà¢üÝïÝ �¢Ý�Î¢ïùã}¢ìGood Bye : à¢é|¢ - x¢}¢Ý}¢ìBye Bye : x¢ÓÀ�¼é ÐéÝÚ¢x¢}¢Ý¢²Farewell : à¢é|¢}|¢ê²¢¼ìHope to see again : ¥¢à¢¢S²¼ï ÐéÝÎüà¢üÝ}¢ìPlease : ÜUëÐ²¢Thanks : {�²±¢Î:Welcome : S±¢x¢¼}¢ìKindly : ÜUëÐ²¢, ÜUëÐ¢Ðê±üÜU}¢ìAllow me : ¥Ýé}¢ç¼: Îè²¼¢}¢ìAfter you : |¢±¼¢æ Ðà�¢¼ìSorry : ÿ¢�¼Ã²¢ïùã}¢ìExcuse Me : ÿ¢}²¼¢}¢ì , ÿ¢}¢¢Ðê±üÜU}¢ìPardon : ÿ¢}¢¢çRU²¼¢}¢ìNo mention : Ý¢ïÐïÿ¢¼ïIt is my pleasure : ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì �¢ñ|¢¢x²ç}¢Î}¢ì

¼çÝcÜU¢ Ð�Ç¢¥C}¢è-Ï¢

¥¢|¢ê �¢}¢ìçÎÝS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - Úç±:ÝÚS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - ¿¢¢Ý}¢ìÝ¢Úè�¢¢}¢ì ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - HÁ�¢ãS¼S² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - Î¢Ý}¢ìx¢ëãS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - çà¢à¢é:ÜUæÆS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - �y²}¢ì}¢ê¶üS² ¥¢|¢ê¯�¢}¢ì - }¢¢ñÝ}¢ì

Ð±ü �ñÝ�#}¢è-Ï¢

çÜU}¢ì y±}¢ì �¢Ý¢ç� ?Ðí. Ð¢ÐS² çÜU}¢ì ÜU¢Ú�¢}¢ì ?©. S±¢�ü}¢ì §ç¼ Ð¢ÐS² ÜU¢Ú�¢}¢ì JÐí. ÜU: ÐÚ}¢¢ï {}¢ü: ?©. �Î¢�¢Ú: ÐÚ}¢¢ï {}¢ü: JÐí. ÜU: ÐÚ}¢ì ç}¢~¢}¢ì ?©. ÐéS¼ÜU}¢ì »± ÐÚ}¢æ ç}¢~¢}¢ì JÐí. ÜU: �Î¢ Ðê�Ýè²: ?©. x¢éM: �Î¢ Ðê�Ýè²: J

�éçÐí²¢¯Dè-Ï¢

27



Ú¢x¢ ²}¢Ýì ÜUË²¢�¢è�Ú� �éÏ¢¢ï{¢, ç±à± }¢Ý¢ï¿¢¢HçH¼¢ Nl¢, Ú}¢�¢è²¢ J¥}¢ë¼ ±¢�¢è, �æSÜUë¼ |¢¢¯¢Ýñ± çvHC¢ Ý � ÜUçÆÝ¢ J

ÜUç± ÜU¢ïçÜUH ±¢Ë}¢èçÜU ç±Úç�¼¢Ú¢}¢¢²�¢ Ú}¢�¢è²¢ ÜU�¢ J¥¼è± �ÚH¢ }¢{éÚ }¢��éH¢Ýñ± çvHC¢ Ý � ÜUçÆÝ¢ J

Ã²¢� ç±Úç�¼¢ x¢�¢ïà¢ çHç¶¼¢}¢ã¢|¢¢Ú¼ï Ðé�² ÜU�¢ JÜU¢ñÚ± Ð¢�Ç± �æx¢Ú }¢ç�¼¢ JÝñ± çvHC¢ Ý � ÜUçÆÝ¢ J

ÜUéLÿ¢ï~¢ �}¢Ú¢Ñìx¢�¢x¢è¼¢ç±à±±ç�Î¼¢ |¢x¢±Îìx¢è¼¢ J¥}¢ë¼}¢{éÚ¢ ÜU}¢üÎèçÐÜU¢Ýñ± çvHC¢ Ý � ÜUçÆÝ¢ J

ç±ÍÝïà¢Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

|¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢:* �é�ÎÚæ �é�ÎÚæ |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì* |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢: JJ* ãçÚ¼±�¢Z |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì* à¢¢ç�¼}¢²æ |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì J* }¢Ý¢ïãÚæ - |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì* |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢: J* HçH¼Ðê�¢Z |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì J* �¢ç¼ |¢ïÎ: }¢Ý|¢ïÎ: J* »ÜU}¢¼æ |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì* |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢: JJ* Ð¢±Ýæ |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì J* �æSÜUë¼æ ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì |¢¢¯¢ J* |¢¢Ú¼ �ï±¢ ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì {}¢ü: J* �é�ÎÚæ �é�ÎÚæ |¢¢Ú¼æ* |¢¢Ú¼æ ¥S}¢¢ÜU}¢ì Îïà¢: JJ

ÜU¢�H Ðí�¢Ðç¼Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

�æSÜUë¼�²ï²±¢v²¢çÝ|¢¢Ú¼ - �±üÜU¢Ú: - �y²}¢ï± �²¼ï JÎêÚÎà¢üÝ}¢ì - �y²æ çà¢±æ �é�ÎÚ}¢ì J�è±Ý-Ï¢è}¢¢ çÝx¢}¢}¢ì - ²¢ïx¢ÿ¢ï}¢æ ±ã¢}²ã}¢ì¥¢ÜU¢à¢±¢�¢è - Ï¢ãé�Ýçã¼¢² Ï¢ãé�Ý �é¶¢² J�H - �ïÝ¢ - Ý|¢: Ý¢ï ±M�¢: J±¢²é - �ïÝ¢ - Ý|¢æ SÐëà¢æ Îè#}¢ìÚ¢�S�¢Ý Ú¢Á² ÐçÚ±ãÝçÝx¢}¢}¢ì - à¢é|¢¢S¼ï Ð��¢Ý: ��¼é|¢¢Ú¼è²-¼ÅÚÿ¢ÜU Ï¢H}¢ì - ±²æ Úÿ¢¢}¢: J|¢¢Ú¼è² H¢ïÜU�|¢¢ - {}¢ü�RUÐí±¼üÝ¢² JÎêÚ�æ�¢Ú ç±|¢¢x¢: - ¥ã<Ýà¢æ �ï±¢}¢ãï JÜUï�Îíè² ç±l¢H² �æx¢ÆÝ}¢ì - ¼¼ì y±æ Ðê¯Ýì ¥Ð¢±ë�¢éÚ¢�S�¢Ý Ðç~¢ÜU¢ - ² »¯é �é#ï¯é �¢x¢<¼ Îèÿ¢¢ �ñÝè

�#}¢è-¥

28



ç±l¢�æ�¢Úï ¥ÝïÜU¢çÝ {Ý¢çÝ �ç�¼ J ç±l¢ ¼ï¯é Ðí}¢é¶¼}¢}¢ì {Ý}¢ì ¥çS¼ J ç±l¢ x¢é#æ {Ýæ ¥çS¼ J ç±l¢{Ýæ

�¢ñÚ: ¥çÐ �¢ïÚç²¼éæ Ý à¢vÝ¢ïç¼ ç±l¢{Ýæ Ã²²ÜUÚ�¢ïÝ çÝy²æ ±{ü¼ï, ÐÚ}¢ì §¼Ú¢ç�¢ {Ý¢çÝ ÿ¢è²�¼ï J ç±l¢æ ç±Ý¢}¢Ýéc²: Ðà¢é¼éË²: |¢±ç¼ J }¢ã¢ÜUç±Ý¢ ¼éH�èÎ¢�ïÝ ÜUç�¼}¢ì ²¼ì - �ç±l¢ ç±ãèÝ: ÝÚ: Ðà¢é: �Îëà¢:� §ç¼ J

ç±l¢ ¥¿¢¢Ý¢�{ÜU¢Úæ ÎêÚè ÜUÚ¢ïç¼ J ¿¢¢ÝïÝ }¢Ýéc²S² Ðíç¼D¢ �¢²¼ï J ç±m¢Ýì �±ü~¢ ÐêÁ²¼ï J ç±l¢²¢: ¥ÝïÜUïH¢|¢¢: �ç�¼ J ç±l¢ »± �±ü-ç±{ïÝ �é¶S² �¢{Ý}¢ì ¥çS¼ J

¥çÎ¼è ô�ã¥cÅ}¢è-¥

�æSÜUë¼}¢ì�ì + ¥ + }¢ì + �ì + ÜUì + « + ¼ì + ¥ + }¢ì�ì - �æSÜU¢Ú:¥ - ¥�²²Ý}¢ì}¢ì - }¢¢{é²ü}¢ì�ì - �¢ñ��²}¢ìÜUì - ÜUH¢¼S}¢¢ÎçÐ �é|¢¢ç¯¼}¢ì« - «ÜUì¼ì - ¼¢Ú¼}²}¢}¢ì¥ - ¥¢ÝæÎ:}¢ì - }¢éçv¼

}¢¢²¢ ÜUà²Ð¥C}¢è-Ï¢

�æ�HÝx¢è¼}¢ì»çã »çã ±èÚ Úï, ±èÚ¼¢æ ç±{ïçã Úï,|¢¢Ú¼S² Úÿ¢�¢¢², �è±Ýæ ÐíÎïçã Úï JJ1JJy±æ çã }¢¢x¢üÎà¢üÜU:, y±æ çã Îïà¢-Úÿ¢ÜU: Jy±æ çã à¢~¢é Ý¢à¢ÜU:, ÜU¢HÝ¢x¢ ¼ÿ¢ÜU: JJ2JJ�¢ã�è �Î¢ |¢±ï:, ±èÚ¼¢æ �Î¢ |¢�ï: J|¢¢Ú¼è²¢ �æSÜUëç¼: }¢¢Ý�ï �Î¢ {Úï: JJ3JJÐÎæ-ÐÎæ ç}¢HÓ�Hï¼ì �¢ïy�¢ãæ }¢Ý¢ï |¢±ï¼ì J|¢¢Ú¼S² x¢¢ñÚ±¢², �±üÎ¢ �²¢ï |¢±ï¼ì JJ4JJ

|¢¢±ïà¢ �¢ñ{ÚèÝ±}¢è-Ï¢

}¢}¢ Îïà¢: |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì�ÝÝè ��}¢|¢êç}¢à� S±x¢¢üÎçÐ ¥çÐ x¢Úè²�è� }¢}¢ Îïà¢S² Ý¢}¢ |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì ¥çS¼ J ôÜU y±æ �¢Ý¢ç� |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì »ÜU:}¢ã¢Ýì Îïà¢: ¥çS¼ ? |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì »çà¢²¢ }¢ã¢Îïà¢ï ¥çS¼ J|¢¢Ú¼S² Ú¢�{¢Ýè Ý± çÎËHè ¥çS¼ J |¢¢Ú¼S² ¥¢<�ÜU Ú¢�{¢Ýè }¢éæÏ¢§ü ¥çS¼ J |¢¢Ú¼S² ©�¢ÚS²¢æ çã}¢¢H²:¼S}¢¢¼ì ±ãç¼ Ðç±~¢ ÝÎè x¢æx¢¢ J Ï¢ÎíèÝ¢� ÐéÚè Ú¢}¢ïà±Ú m¢çÚÜU¢ §ç¼ |¢¢Ú¼S² �y±¢Ú: Ðç±~¢: {¢}¢¢: �ç�¼ J¥L�¢¢�HÐíÎïà¢: |¢¢Ú¼S² �ê²¢ïüÎ²: |¢êç}¢: ÜU�²¼ï J Ýñ�<x¢ÜU|¢¢¯¢ }¢Ý¢ïÚ}¢¢ |¢êS±x¢ü: ÜUà}¢èÚ: ç±Îïçà¢Ý: S²é§ü�¢ÚHñ�Ç}¢�²¼ï J |¢¢Ú¼S² ÝÎè x¢¢ïÎ¢±Úè Îçÿ¢�¢ x¢æx¢¢ §ç¼ Ý¢}Ý¢ ÐçÚç�¼¢ ¥çS¼ J |¢¢Ú¼ï ¥ÝïÜUï »ÜU¼¢ §ç¼ }¢êH}¢�~¢}¢ì¥çS¼ J

}¢}¢ Îïà¢: |¢¢Ú¼: }¢ã¢Ýì ¥çS¼ J}¢ã¢Ýì ¥çS¼ |¢¢Ú¼S² �æSÜUëç¼ JJ

�²¼é |¢¢Ú¼}¢ì Ú¢�ÝæçÎÝè �ÜíU±¼èüÝ±}¢è-Ï¢

29



Ú¢cÅîñÜU¼¢y²Á²¼¢æ |¢¢Ú¼è²ñ<±|¢ïÎ¢ï çÝà¢¢ï�¢ç¼��²¢ï |¢±ïÎì Îïà¢��²¢ïù±²±¢: J|¢ïÎ�¢¼ïÝ ±ñÚï�¢ Îïà¢¢ï {íé±¢æ¶�ÇÝæ Ðí¢�S²ç¼ ÿ¢è�¢¼¢}¢ì ²¢S²ç¼ JJ»ÜU »±ïEÚ: ¼ñÚS²}¢¢²¢ç¼ çÜU}¢ì¼ïÝ {}¢¢ü: �x¢y²¢æ �}¢ï |¢¢ç�¼S¼<ãç±mï¯|¢¢±: ÜU�æ ÜUé~¢ç�¼ì JJ|¢¢ï�Ýï |¢¢¯�¢ï ±ïà¢|¢ê¯¢ç±{¢ñ»ÜU¼¢ Ý¢çS¼ �ï~¢¢çS¼ ÜU¢çÐ ÿ¢ç¼: J}¢¢Ý±èÚ¢ï S±Úï Ï¢�{éy±¢æ ÜU¢}²¼¢æ¼ïÝ Ú¢cÅîñÜU¼¢ �¢{é�}|¢¢c²¼ï JJÐê±ü�ñ<±EÏ¢�{éy±�æS�¢ÐÝï²yÜUë¼æ |¢ê¼HïùçS}¢Ýì ¼Ðà�²ü²¢ J�yÐ�¢ï ²~¢¼¢ïù�¢ñ �}¢¢H}Ï¢²¼¢æ|¢¢Ú¼æ ç±Eà¢è¯üÃ²¼¢æ Ýè²¼¢}¢ì JJ

Úïà¢}¢¢Ý±}¢è-¥

�æSÜUë¼x¢è¼}¢ì�H �H ÐéÚ¼¢ï çÝ{ïçã �Ú�¢}¢ì J�Îñ± ÐéÚ¼¢ï çÝ{ïçã �Ú�¢}¢ì JJ

çx¢çÚçà¢¶Úï ÝÝé çÝ�çÝÜUï¼Ý}¢ì Jç±Ýñ± ²¢Ýæ Ýx¢¢Ú¢ïã�¢}¢ì JJÏ¢Hæ S±ÜUè²æ |¢±ç¼ �¢{Ý}¢ì J�Îñ± ÐéÚ¼¢ï ................... JJ

Ðç� Ð¢¯¢�¢¢ ç±¯}¢¢: Ðí¶Ú¢: JôãS~¢¢: Ðà¢±: ÐçÚ¼¢ï Í¢¢ïÚ¢: JJ�éÎécÜUÚæ ¶Hé ²ÎìçÐ x¢}¢Ý}¢ì J�Îñ± ÐéÚ¼¢ï ................... JJ

�ãèçã |¢èô¼ |¢� |¢� à¢çQU}¢ì Jç±{ïçã Ú¢cÅîï ¼�¢ùÝéÚçQU}¢ì JJÜUéL ÜUéL �¼¼æ �²ï²-S}¢Ú�¢}¢ì J�Îñ± ÐéÚ¼¢ï ................... JJ

Á²¢ïç¼Ý±}¢è-Ï¢�é|¢¢ç¯¼¢çÝ

x¢é�¢¢ x¢é�¢¿¢ï¯é x¢é�¢¢ |¢±ç�¼¼ï çÝx¢éü�¢æ Ðí¢�² |¢±ç�¼ Î¢ï¯¢: J�éS±¢Îé¼¢ï²¢: Ðí|¢±ç�¼ Ýl:�}¢éÎí}¢¢�¢l |¢±�y²Ðï²¢: JJ1JJ�¢çãy²�Xè¼ÜUH¢ç±ãèÝ:�¢ÿ¢¢yÐà¢é: ÐéÓÀç±¯¢�¢ãèÝ:¼ë�¢æ Ý ¶¢Î�ÝçÐ �è±}¢¢Ý:¼Îì|¢¢x¢{ï²æ ÐÚ}¢æ Ðà¢êÝ¢}¢ì JJ2JJHéÏ{S² Ýà²ç¼ ²à¢: çÐà¢éÝS² }¢ñ~¢èÝcÅçRU²S² ÜUéH}¢�üÐÚS² {}¢ü: Jç±l¢ÈUHæ Ã²�çÝÝ: ÜUëÐ�¢S² �¢ñw²æÚ¢Á²æ Ðí}¢�¢�ç�±S² ÝÚ¢ç{ÐS² JJ3JJ

}¢¢Ý�è ô�ãÝ±}¢è-¥

x¢�¢Ð¼ï: ¥±¼¢Ú:x¢�¢¢Ý¢æ Ðç¼: �: x¢�¢Ðç¼: Jx¢�¢ÜU¢Ý¢æ Ðç¼: �: �Ñìx¢�¢ÜU: JJx¢�¢Ð¼ï: ±¢ãÝæ }¢ê¯ÜU: J�Ñìx¢�¢ÜUS² ±¢ãÝæ }¢êê¯ÜU: JJx¢�¢Ðç¼: ç±l¢çÝç{: J�Ñìx¢�¢ÜU: ¥çÐ ç±l¢çÝç{: JJx¢�¢Ð¼ï: S�¢Ý}¢ì ©Ó�¢�Ýï J�Ñìx¢�¢ÜUæ ÐçÚ¼: ¥çÐ ¥¢��Î²: |¢±ç�¼ JJx¢�¢Ðç¼ �é¶ÜU¼¢ü Îé¶ã¼¢ü J�Ñìx¢�¢ÜU: ¥çÐ �é¶ÜU¼¢ü Îé¶ã¼¢ü � J

¶éà¢Ï¢é¥cÅ}¢è-Ï¢

30



�æSÜUë¼ àH¢ïÜU¢:(1) ¥H�S² ÜUé¼¢ï ç±l¢, ¥ç±lS² ÜUé¼¢ï {Ý}¢ì J

¥{ÝS² ÜUé¼¢ï ç}¢~¢}¢ì, ¥ç}¢~¢S² ÜUé¼: �é¶}¢ì JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : ¥¢H�è ÜU¢ï ç±l¢ ÜUã¢¡, ¥ÝÐÉG / }¢ê¶ü ÜU¢ï {Ý ÜUã¢¡, çÝ{üÝ ÜU¢ï ç}¢~¢ ÜUã¢¡ ¥¢ñÚ ¥ç}¢~¢

ÜU¢ï �é¶ ÜUã¢¡ J(2) ²�¢ ãì²ïÜUïÝ �RUï�¢ Ý Ú�S² x¢ç¼|¢ü±ï¼ì J

»±æ ÐéL¯ÜU¢Úï�¢ çÏ¢Ý¢ Îñ±æ Ý ç�Îì�²ç¼ JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : �ñ�ï »ÜU Ðçã²ï �ï Ú� Ýãèæ �H �ÜU¼¢ ãñ ©�è ÐíÜU¢Ú çÏ¢Ý¢ ÐéL¯¢�ü ÜUï |¢¢x² ç�h Ýãèæ

ã¢ï �ÜU¼¢ ãñ J(3) ÐéS¼ÜUS�¢ ¼é ²¢ ç±l¢ ÐÚãS¼x¢¼æ {Ý}¢ì J

ÜU¢²üÜU¢Hï �}¢éyÐ�Ýï Ý �¢ ç±l¢ Ý ¼Îì {Ý}¢ì JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : ÐéS¼ÜU }¢ïæ Ú¶è ç±l¢ ¼�¢ Îê�Úï ÜUï ã¢� }¢ïæ x¢²¢ {Ý ²ï Î¢ïÝ¢ïæ ãè �GMÚ¼ ÜUï �}¢² ã}¢¢Úï

çÜU�è |¢è ÜU¢}¢ Ýãèæ ¥¢²¢ ÜUÚ¼ï J(4) ¥¢HS²æ çã }¢Ýéc²¢�¢¢æ à¢ÚèÚS�¢ï }¢ã¢Ý çÚÐé: J

Ý¢Sy²él}¢�}¢¢ï Ï¢�{é: ÜUëy±¢ ²æ Ý¢±�èÎç¼ JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : }¢Ýéc²¢ïæ ÜUï à¢ÚèÚ }¢ïæ ÚãÝï ±¢H¢ ¥¢HS² ãè ©ÝÜU¢ �Ï¢�ï Ï¢ÇG¢ à¢~¢é ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ J ÐçÚ�¢}¢ �ñ�¢

Îê�Ú¢ (ã}¢¢Ú¢) ÜU¢ï§ü ¥�² ç}¢~¢ Ýãèæ ã¢ï¼¢ v²¢ïæçÜU ÐçÚ�¢}¢ ÜUÚÝï ±¢H¢ ÜU|¢è Îé¶è Ýãèæã¢ï¼¢ J

(5) ��ÎÝæ à¢è¼Hæ H¢ïÜUï, ��ÎÝ¢ÎçÐ �æÎí}¢¢ J��Îí ��ÎÝ²¢ï}¢�²ï à¢è¼H¢ �¢{é�æx¢ç¼: JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : �æ�¢Ú }¢ïæ ��ÎÝ ÜU¢ï à¢è¼H }¢¢Ý¢ �¢¼¢ ãñ HïçÜUÝ ��Îí}¢¢ ��ÎÝ �ï |¢è à¢è¼H ãñ J ¥ÓÀï

ç}¢~¢¢ïæ ÜU¢ �¢� ��ÎÝ »±æ ��Îí}¢¢ ÜUè ¼éHÝ¢ }¢ïæ ¥ç{ÜU à¢è¼H¼¢ ÎïÝï ±¢H¢ ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ J(6) ¥C¢Îà¢ ÐéÚ¢�¢ï¯é Ã²¢�S² ±�Ýæ m²}¢ì J

ÐÚ¢ïÐÜU¢Ú: Ðé�²¢² Ð¢Ð¢² ÐÚ ÐèÇÝ}¢ì JJ¥�¢ü¼ì : }¢ã<¯ ±ïÎÃ²¢� �è Ýï ¥Æ¢Úã ÐéÚ¢�¢¢ïæ }¢ïæ Î¢ï ç±çà¢C Ï¢¢¼ïæ ÜUãè ãñæ J ÐãHè - ÐÚ¢ïÐÜU¢Ú

ÜUÚÝ¢ Ðé�² ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ ¥¢ñÚ Îê�Úè - Ð¢Ð ÜU¢ ¥�ü ã¢ï¼¢ ãñ Îê�Ú¢ïæ ÜU¢ï Îé¶: ÎïÝ¢ JÐë�é ô�ã�#}¢è-¥

ã¢S²}¢ìç�çÜUy�ÜU: (�ï±ÜUæ Ðíç¼) |¢¢ï: à¢èÍ¢íæ ÜU}¢çÐ ¥¢Ý², }¢}¢ ©ÎÚï }¢ã¼èÐèÇG¢ |¢±ç¼ J�ï±ÜU: çÜU�¼é S±¢ç}¢Ý ! |¢±¢Ýì S±²}¢ï±, ç�çÜUy�ÜU: ¥çS¼ Jç�çÜUy�ÜU: ¥Úï }¢ê¶ü ôÜU y±æ Ý �¢Ý¢ç�, }¢}¢ à¢éËÜU}¢ì ¥ç{ÜU}¢ì ¥çS¼ J �¢ï²¢ ÜUÏ¢Ç¢ïH¢

¥C}¢è-¥

31



}¢ã¢ÜUç±: ÜU¢çHÎ¢�:}¢ã¢ÜUç±: ÜU¢çHÎ¢�: �æSÜUë¼S² �±¢ïüyÜUëC ÜUç± ¥çS¼ J ²lçÐ �æSÜUë¼ �¢çãy²ï ¥ÝïÜUï }¢ã¢ÜU±²: ¥|¢±Ýì J ÐÚæ}¢ã¢ÜUç±: ÜU¢çHÎ¢�: �±ïü¯é �¢ïD¼}¢¢ï ¥çS¼ J �: |¢¢Ú¼S² x¢¢ñÚ±}¢ì ¥çS¼ J ¥²æ �æSÜUë¼�¢çãy²S² ÜUç±ÜUéHx¢éM:§ç¼ ÜU�²¼ï J Ðí¢Úæ|¢ï ¥²}¢ì }¢ê¶ü: ¥¢�è¼ì J ç±±¢ã¢ïÐÚ¢�¼æ S±Ðy�²¢ ç¼ÚSÜUë¼: �: ¥�²²ÝÚ¼¢ï Ï¢|¢ê± J ¼yÐà�¢¼ì�: }¢ïÍ¢Îê¼æ, ÜUé}¢¢Ú �æ|¢±æ, ÚÍ¢é±æà¢}¢ÝïÜU¢çÝ }¢ã¢ÜU¢Ã²¢çÝ Úç�¼±¢Ýì J ¥²æ }¢ã¢Ú�Ý¢ÜU¢Ú: ¥çÐ ¥çS¼ J ¥ÝïÝÚç�¼¢çÝ ¥ç|¢¿¢¢Ýà¢¢ÜUé�¼H}¢ì, }¢¢Hç±ÜU¢çxÝç}¢~¢}¢ì, ç±RU}¢¢ï±üà¢è²}¢ì §ç¼ ~¢èç�¢ Ý¢ÅÜU¢çÝ ç±à±Ðíç�h¢çÝ�ç�¼ J �æSÜUë¼S² ¥ÝïÜUï }¢ã¢ÜU±²: ¥|¢±Ýì ÐÚæ ÜU¢çHÎ¢�S² �}¢æ �æSÜUë¼ �¢çãy²ï ÜU¢ïùçÐ Ý |¢ê¼¢ï Ý|¢ç±c²ç¼ J ¥¼»± ÜUïÝç�¼ì ÜUç±Ý¢ ÜUç�¼}¢ì �|¢¢�ïã¢�: ÜUç±ÜUéH x¢éMÜU¢çHÎ¢�¢ï ç±H¢�: J� ÜU¢çHÎ¢�S²�±ïü é ÜU¢Ã²ï é Ý¢ÅÜUï é � ¥ç¶Hç±à±�¢çãy²ï �©Ð}¢¢ ÜU¢çHÎ¢�S²� »¯¢ ©çQU: Ðíç�h¢ ¥çS¼ J »¼ï é ÜU¢çHÎ¢�:}¢}¢ çÐí²: ÜUç±: ¥çS¼ J »¯: ÜUç±: ÜUéHx¢éL: ÜU�²¼ï Ý ÜUï±Hæ |¢¢Ú¼ï ¥çÐ¼é �}¢S¼�æ�¢Úï ¼S² Ðíç�çh:¥çS¼ J ¥¢Ú¼è Ú¢�¢¢

Ý±}¢è-Ï¢

�æSÜUë¼|¢¢¯¢�æSÜUë¼æ �x¢¼: ¥ç¼Ðí¢�èÝ¢ �}¢ëh¢ à¢¢�è²¢ � |¢¢¯¢ ¥çS¼ J �æSÜUë¼±¢Ñì}¢²æ ç±E±¢Ñì}¢²ï S±²}¢ì ¥çm¼è²æ

S�¢Ýæ ¥HVÚ¢ïç¼ J }¢ã<¯Ð¢ç�¢çÝÚç�¼¢ �¥C¢�²¢²è� �x¢¼: �±¢ü�¢æ |¢¢¯¢Ý¢æ Ã²¢ÜUÚ�¢x¢í��ï é ¥�²¼}¢¢ ±ñ²¢ÜUÚ�¢¢Ý¢æ|¢¢¯¢ç±Î¢æ |¢¢¯¢ç±¿¢¢çÝÝ¢æ � ÐíïÚ�¢¢S�¢Ýæ ±¼ü¼ï J |¢¢Ú¼è²|¢¢¯¢�é Ï¢ãéHy±ïÝ �æSÜUë¼à¢ÏÎ¢: ©Ð²éÁ²�¼ï J �æSÜUë¼¢¼ìÐí¢²: �±¢ü ¥çÐ |¢¢Ú¼è²|¢¢¯¢: ©jê¼¢: J ¼mÎï± |¢¢Ú¼-²êÚ¢ïÐè²: |¢¢¯¢±x¢èü²¢: ÝñÜU¢: |¢¢¯¢: �æSÜUë¼Ðí|¢¢±æ�æSÜUë¼à¢ÏÎÐí¢�é²Z ±¢ ÐíÎà¢ü²ç�¼ J

�æSÜUë¼|¢¢¯¢²¢: �éÚ|¢¢Ú¼è, Îï±±¢�¢è, Îï±è±¢ÜUì, x¢è±¢ü�¢±¢�¢è, Îï±|¢¢¯¢, ¥}¢Ú|¢¢Ú¼è §y²¢ÎèçÝ Ï¢ãêçÝÝ¢}¢¢çÝ Ðíç�h¢çÝ �ç�¼ J

�æSÜUë¼ï »ÜUS² {¢¼¢ï: MÐ¢ç�¢ ¥�üÜU¢H¢Ýé�¢Úï�¢ Îà¢�é HÜU¢Úï¯é |¢±ç�¼ J Ðíy²ïÜU-HÜU¢Úï Ðí�}¢ÐéL¯:,}¢�²}¢ÐéL¯:, ©�¢}¢ÐéL¯: §ç¼ ~¢²: ÐéL¯¢: �ç�¼ J ¥S²¢: |¢¢¯¢²¢: ±ñçà¢Cì²æ Ý¢}¢ ÎæÇç�ãìÝ}¢ì J Ý ±¼ü¼ï ¥~¢¥�²¢çÝ ç±Ú¢}¢ç�ãìÝ¢çÝ ÜUï±Hæ ÎæÇç�ãìÝ}¢ï± J »¼Îï± ç�ãìÝ}¢ì ç±{¢Ýæ ÐíàÝ}¢ì ©Îìx¢¢Úæ � �ê�²ç¼ J ¥¼: »ÜUS²ñ±±¢v²S² ç|¢�Ý¢Ýì ¥�¢üÝì Ðí¢�Ýé}¢: ±²}¢ì J ©Î¢ãÚ�¢¢�Z ±¢v²¢æà¢: »ÜU: Îè²¼ï J ¥|²é¼ì�¢Ýæ � �æSÜUë¼S² Ðí¢�èÝ¼}¢x¢í��¢:±ïÎ¢: �ç�¼ J

Ú¢}¢çÝ±¢� }¢¢HèÐí.SÝ¢.çà¢. (�æSÜUë¼)

32



ENGLISH SECTIONENGLISH SECTIONENGLISH SECTIONENGLISH SECTIONENGLISH SECTION

33



INDEX1. The Voice of Solider Manav Singh, IX-A2. Swallows Trallows Travel to And Fro Abhijeet, VI-A3. My way Pranjal, X-B4. Teacher Jyoti Ravi Das, IX-A5. Mr. Tom and mosey Mouse Ashmi Prasad, XII-A6. Why God Made Teachers Shreya Dhar, VI-A7. Alphabet Twist Anupama Saini, VI-A8. Books Abhinav Suman, IV-A9. Harry Pushed Her Maya Kashyap, VIII-B10. A Good Student Srishti & Shreya, VI-B11. Bring me a Letter Anjali Kumari, V12. Value of Discipline Seema, VII-A13. Prime Minister of India and their Tenure Kavita Rana, XII-B14. Ambition Manvi, X-B15. Cups and trophes (National) Mohit, XI-A16. Alphabet of success in Life Anjali Raghav, VIII-A17. General Knowledge Rashi Gautam, IX-B18. Do you Know ? Prabudh P., IX-B19. Message for Friend Ankita Laha, X-B20. Friendship Rakesh, XII-B21. The Sea (Leonard Clark)

Shruti Kumari, IX-B22. Moral Story : Important Things in Life Pallavi Jha, VIII-A23. Foot Prints Vandana, XII-A24. Is it true ? Shruti, VIII-B25. Popular Names of Personalities Aditya, IX-A26. No Time to stop laughing As yet Tanishka, VIII-B27. Mahatma Gandhi Ayush Raghav, VIII-A28. First in India Prabudh, IX-B29. Earth’s Resume Tanishka, VIII-B30. The Sinking World Renu Bala, IX-A31. The Moon Abhinav Suman, IV-A32. Everyday, Somebody, Anybody, and Nobody Shayana Narvan, X-A33. In Order to Take good notes you must be a good listener Rajbir Yadav, LDC34. The Man who changed his life after reading his obituary Shalini, XII-B35. Time Management Tips for High School Students Sadish Kumar Sharma

TGT (PH&E)

Sr. No. Title Author

34



TeacherTell me who’s so knowledgeable and wiseeach new morning and makes the day brighterAdorable and lovely and always so niceCome what may, it always ready with a smileHere’s the answer to all my queriesTo Everything whether big or smallRemember this personality who class a part ?yes, its that lovely person who makesEverything so much fun. Jyoti Ravi Das

IX-A

My wayTo find the western pathRight through the gates of wrathI urge my waySweet mercy leaves me onwith soft repentent moon.I see the break of dayThe war of swords and spearsMelted by dewy tearsExhales on high.The sun is freed from fearsAnd with grateful tearsAscends the sky.

PranjalX-B

The Voice of SoliderMy dad always wondered about myambition as he never knew that I hadchosen to carry a gun.

I sacrificed all that I ever had,only to guard my dear motherland.

I travelled to places both far and neargo myself ready to fight without fear.I will be now permanently in her heartAnd tell my brother to study perfectly.keys of my bike will be his permanently

And tell my sister not to be upset.Her brother will not rise upon sunset.And tell my mother not to shed tears

And tell my father not to bowHe will not get tension from me now.

And don’t tell my friend they may hurt.And ask them to start parties.And tell my love not to cry.I am a solider born to die.

Manav SinghIX-A

Swallows TrallowsTravel to And Fro

Swallows travel to and froAnd the great winds come and goAnd the steady breezes blowBearing perfume bearing loveBreezes hasten, swallows flyTowered clouds forever ply,And at noon day, joy and ISee the same sunshine above.Dew and rain fall everywhere.Harvests ripen Flowers are fairAnd the whole round earth is bare.To the moonshine and the sunAnd the live air, fanned withBright with breeze and sunshineInto contact distant thingsAnd makes all the countries one.Let us wonder where we willSomething kindred greets us stillSomething seen on vale or hillFalls familiar on the heartSo at scent or sound or sightServed souls by day and nightTremble half the world apart.

AbhijeetVI-A

35



Mr. Tom and mosey MouseMr. Tom goes upstairMosey mouse comes downstairsMr. Tom yells, “I’ ll catch you !”Mosey Mouse says “Beeblebeeblaboo !”

Mr. Tom follows it apaceHis right toe shows its faceAs torn is his right shoeMousey mouse says “Beeblebeelaboo”

He takes his Tom Tom catAnd wears his Pom Pom hatThen enters Dom Dom avenueMosey mouse says “Beeblebeelaboo”

He had always gave a shriekNow he has a tricky trickHe laughs “HeeHeeHaaHaaheHooHoo!”Mousey mouse says “Beeblebeelaboo”

A mouse trap he boughtA brilliant feat he throughtA chocolate he thinks will doMousey Mouse says “Beeblebeelaboo”

He sets it in his kitchenHimself sits somewhere hiddenHe watches and sleeps tooMosey Mouse says “Beeblebeelaboo”

He wakes and forgets Mouse trapAnd enters a great MishapMosey Mouse laughs “Beeblebeelaboo!”

Ashmi PrasadXII-A

Why God Made TeachersWhen God Created Teachers

He gave us special friendsTo help us understand his world

And truely compre hend,The beauty and the wonder

of everything we see,and become a better person

with each discoveryWhen God created teachersHe gave us special guides

To show us ways in which to growSo we can all decide

How to live and How to doWhat’s right instead of wrongTo lead us so that we can lead

And learn how to be strongWhy God made Teachers,

In his wisdom and his gracewas to help us learn to make our world

A better wiser place.Shreya Dhar

VI-A

Alphabet Twist—> I (Eye)* Which alphabet is used to cut the

wood ?—> X (Axe)* Which alphabet is an insect ?—> B (Bee)* Which alphabet is a river in Europe ?—> D (Dee)* Which alphabet is body of water ?—> C (Sea)* Which alphabet is used in questions ?—> Y (Why)* Which alphabet is also a vegetable ?—> P (Pea) Anupama Saini

VI-A

36



BooksBooks are friends, Books are fun

Books are like the rising sunThey make us laugh

They make us know

Not only birds

but also mountains and snowBooks are truthful

Book are meaningful

They tell us how,When and why

About the thing

happening in the skyWatching TV makes your eyes weak,

But reading books take you to the peak

Abhinav SumanIV-A

A Good StudentA - Always liked by the teachersG - Greets Everyone with a SmileO - On time in schoolO - ObedientD - Dress is neat and Clean

S - Studies with keen InterestT - Treats Everyone with RespectU - Understands everything that is taughtD - Does Homework EverydayE - Eager to Learn new ThingsN - Never MisbehavesT - Talks Less in Class Srishti & Shreya

VI-B

Bring me a LetterBring me a letter, Postman !Bring me a letter, Do !Tomorrow at the garden gateI will wait for you.Bring on from the fairywho says she will come to tea.Then I will put on my party frock,How lovely that will be.And please, Oh Mr. PostmanIf fairies you know none,Write me a letter from your selfAnd bring it, Just for fun.

Anjali KumariV

Harry Pushed HerHarry pushed her ;He pushed her around ;He pushed his sisterBefore school, after school,one weekends.He pushed his sister ;He had no friendsHe pushed her school holidays & christmastimeThe christmas timeThe children alwaysSang their made up rhyme.Harry push her, push her now !Harry push the crazy cow !Harry pushed her without strainThrough snow, sunshine wind & rain.She smiled strangely & never said a wordHe pushed her for yearsIt was a absurdHarry was twelve.

Maya KashyapVIII-B

37



Value of DisciplineDiscipline can be defined as a model of ideal conduct based on obedience to law,regularity and sense of duty. Discipline is the national virtue of great people. In disciplinelies the strenght of a nation. We can notice discipline in our nature too. The earth, themoon, The sun, all follow a certain system. Discipline is necessary in all walks of life.Wheather it is playground or it is a school or college, discipline is important everywhere.Without it, our goal can never be achieved. Children must be taught to obey theirparents, their teachers. They must be taught to follow the norms of life, to follow therules of discipline inside and outside the homes. We should get inspiration from thelives of the great men such as Mahatama Gandhi, Abharam Lincoln etc. These greatperson valued discipline in their entire life. We should also do the same in order toachieve the highest goal. Discipline should be our guide and guardian. We must keep itin mind that discipline is loved and liked by all Seema

VII-A

Prime Minister of India and their TenureName of Prime Minister TenureJawaharlal Nehru Aug 15, 1947 to May 27, 1964Guljarila Nanda May 27, 1964 to June 9, 1964Lal Bahadur Shastri June 9, 1964 to Jan 11, 1966Indira Gandhi Jan 24, 1966 to March 24, 1977Morarji Desai March 24, 1977 to July 28, 1979Chaudhary Charan Singh July 28, 1979 to Jan 14, 1980Indira Gandhi Jan 14, 1980 to Oct. 31, 1984Rajeev Gandhi Oct 31, 1984 to Dec 1, 1989Vishwanath Pratap Singh Dec 2, 1989 to Nov 10, 1990Chandra Shekhar Nov 10,1990 to June 2, 1991P.V. Naesimha Rao June 21, 1991 to May 16, 1996Atal Bihari Bajpayee May 16, 1996 to June 1, 1996H.D. Deve Gauda June 1, 1996 to April 21, 1997I.K. Gujal April 21, 1997 to March 18, 1998Atal Bihari Bajpayee March 19, 1998 to Oct 12, 1999

Kavita RanaXII-B

38



AmbitionThe mother of invention,My ambition is always close to my heartIt’s just like a gem to my heartIt is full of optimismIt’s full of oppurtunism.No wonder where could I be,to fulfill my ambition.My dear friends, I wonder I would aim the stars. I dream about my ambition which isnear to me.......My advice to all of you is to follow the success mantara. I am sure that you all will lovemy magic tantra.Life is full of achievmentsEach and everyone can acheive their wish whether its IAS, Doctor or Engineer Eachand Everybody are sweet meant for these choicesThese are the roads arranged for you all will try themJust keep faith in you and your workOne day, you will surely see a bright light... We citizens are born to develop our countryFor that, Education is importantEducation is the chief defence of nation achieve your ambition develop your countryAmbition... Ambition... Ambition...Remember this single word has lots to achieve So Start hunting ! ! !Catch this 8 letter word, Achieve high. Manvi

X-B

Cups and trophes (National)Trophies AssociatedAga Khan Cup —> HockeyAll INdia Maharaja Ranjit Singh Cup —> HockeyBangalore Blues Challenge Cup —> BasketballBarna Bellack Cup —> Table Tennis (Men)Burdwan Trophy —> Weight liftingCock of the Fleet Trophy —> Regatta (Racing)Dr. B.C. Roy Trophy —> National Football JuniorJaswant Singh Trophy —> Best Services SportsmanRobinton Baria Trophy —> Cricket (inter-university)Wellington Trophy —> RowingIrani Cup —> Cricket Mohit

XI-A

39



Alphabet of success in LifeA – Always speak the truth.

B – Be regular and punctual.

C – Contentment is happiness.D – Divided we fall united we stand.

E – Example is better than percept.

F – First deserve than desire.G – Good Health is above wealth.

H – Haste makes waste.

I – It is work that makes a workman.

J – Join the company of good people.K – Killing lives is the greatest sin.

L – Love your fellow beings.

M – Man Proposes, God disposes.N – No pains, No gains.

O – One flower makes no garland.

P – Purity of mind is more precious than gold.Q – Question your evils.

R – Respect yourself.

S – Success and Struggle are the same.

T – Time and tide wait for none.U – Union is strength.

V – Virture is its own reward.

W – Wealth, wine and war may rain you, so stay away.X – X-mas should remind you the ideals of lord.

Y – Yield not to do anything your conscience.

Z – Zealous worker fetches upliftment to mankind.

English Thought : Learn as if you were tolive forever,

Live as if you were to

die tomorrow- M.K. Gandhi

Anjali RaghavVIII-A

40



Do you Know ?1. Cheese was invented in India.2. Algebra, Trigonometry and calculus are studies originated in India.3. The place value system and the Decimal System were developed in India in 100

B.C.4. The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th Century peot Saint

Gyadev. It has originally called ‘MOKSHAPAT’.5. The world’s highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893

after leveling a hill top, this cricket pitch is 2444 metres above sea level.6. The world’s first university was established in takshila in 700 B.C. More than

10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. Theuniversity of Nalanda built in the 4th Century was one of the greatest achievementsof ancient India in the field of education.

7. The value of “pi” was first calculated by the mathematician Budhayana, and heexplained the concept of what is know as the Pythagorean Theorem. Hediscovered this in the 6th century, long before the european mathematician.

8. India has the largest number of post offices in the world.9. When you sleep, you grow by about 8 mm 0.3 inch The next day you shrink

back to your former height. The reason is that your cartilage discs are squeezedlike sponges by the force of gravity when you stand or sit. Prabudh P.

IX-B

General KnowledgeIn which city was India’s first all-woman post office launched in 2013 ?

-New DelhiPublished in 2013, The Race of My Life : An Autobiography is the autobiography bywhich Indian athlete ? - Milkha SinghThe new Telegana state was carved out of which state ? - Andhra PradeshWho won the 2013 Wimbledon woman’s single title ? - Marion BartoliWhich farmer captain record did MS Dhoni break for highest individual test score byIndian captain in the Border-Gavaskar trophy 2013 ? - Sachin TendulkarName the top seed that lost in the finds of wimbledon Men’s singles

- Novak DjokovicIn July 2013, who was ousted from the post of president of egypt ?

- Mohammed MorsiWho won the award for Best Music Director at 2013 Filmfare Awards ?

- Pritam (Barfi !)Rashi Gautam

IX-B

41



Message for FriendMy friend is onewho is very close to my heart,who knows all my feelingsRight from the start.

He is always like a North StarWho always guides me in need,He is like the wheel of a cartThat always strides on the path of my deed.

He reads my expressionsBefore I can hide,That tears or the happineessWhich are locked inside.

He is like the surface of the streamwhich sails smooth the ship of my life,I need not fear the break or wreckage,But I want to go ahead with incessant strife.

When I am happy or I’m sadI never felt alone,His feelings expressed or kept concealedThe sympathies are always known.

I would be glad to tell him thatGod picked up a flower and dipped it indewHe then touched it gentlyWhich turned into you !He then gifted me it and said,“This friend is only for you”.

Keep the lamp of friendshipBurning with the oil of love becauseThe sunrises in the east and sets in the west,But friendship is embedded in the heart andends only after death. Ankita Laha

X-B

FriendshipA Friend like youEveryone should haveA friend like youYou are so much fun to be withAnd you are such a good personyou crack me up with laughterAnd touched my heart with your kindnessYou have a wonderful abilityTo know when to offer adviceAnd when to sit in quite supportTime After timeYou’ve come to my rescueAnd brightened so manyof my routine daysAnd time after timeI’ve reculized how fortunateI am that my life includes youI really do beleive thatEverybody should have friend like youbut so far it look likeYou are one of a kind !

RakeshXII-B

The SeaOver the hill,first sight of the sealying sunlight and still.Just waiting for meI race from the landin the clear morning lightto rock pool and sand,shells whiter than whiteBirds ride the skythe whispy clouds, theresoft floating andI am walking on air.

(Leonard Clark)Shruti Kumari

IX-B

42



Moral Story : Important Things in LifeA Philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the table in front ofhem : When the class began, wordlessly he picked up a very large empty mayonnaisejar and proceeded to fill it with rocks, about 2 inches in diameter. He then asked thestudents if the jar was full. They agreed that it was. So the proffesor then picked up abox of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The Pebbles ofcourse rolled into the open areas between the rocks. He then asked the Students againthat if the jar was full. They agreed it was The professor Picked up a box of Sand andpoured it into the jar. Of course the sand filled up the remaining open areas of the jar.He then asked once agin if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous“yes”. “Now”, said the professor, “I want you to recognize that this jar represent yourlife. The rocks are the Important things your family your partner your health yourchildren things that if everything else was lost and only they remained your life wouldstill be full The pebbles are the other things that matter like your job, your house, yourcar. The sand is everything else, the small stuff”. “If you put the sand into the jar first“he continued”, there is no room for the pebbles or the rocks The same goes for yourlife If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have roomfor the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical toyour happiness play with your children. Take your partner out dancing. There’ll alwaysbe time to go to work, clean the house, give a dinner party, or fix the disposal”.Take care of the rocks first, the things that really matter. Set your priorities The rest isjust sand”. Pallavi Jha

VIII-A

Foot PrintsOne night I had a dream, I was walking along the beach with god and across the skyflashed scene from my life. For each scene I noticed two sets of footprints in the sand,one belonged to me, the other to god when the last scene of my life flashed before me,I looked back at footprints in the sand I noticed that many times along the path of life,there was only one set of footprints, I also noticed that it happened at very lowest andsaddest time in my life. This really bothered me and I questioned God about it “Godyou, said that once I decided to follow you, you would walk with me all the way, but Inoticed that during the most troublesome time in my life there is only one set of footprints I don’t understand why in times when I needed you most, you would leave me.”God replied, “My precious, precious one, “I love you and I would never leave youduring your time of trial and suffering. When you saw only one set of foot print, it wasthen that I carried you upon my shoulder ”. Vandana

XII-A

43



Popular Names of PersonalitiesPopular Name PersonalityLady with the lamp —> Florence NightingaleGrandold Man —> Dadabhai NarojiIron Duke —> Duke of WellingtonGuruji —> M.S. GolwalkarLittle Corporal —> NapoleonManamanya —> PT. Madan Mohan MalviyaSher I Punjab —> Lala Lajpat RaiBard of Avon —> ShakespeareFather of English Poetry —> Geoffery ChaucerFeuher —> Hitler Aditya

IX-A

Is it true ?Ques : The very first fish did’nt have jaws ?Ans : Yes. Instead of jaws to open and close their mouths the very first fish

sucked food into their mouths. They are called jawless fish.Ques : Ostrich eggs are the biggest eggs ever laid by a bird.Ans : No. The extinct bird Aepyornis laid the biggest eggs of all time. Each one

was about the size of 150 hen’s eggs.Ques : The elephant is the largest land mammal ever to have livedAns : No. Indricotherium was the largest land mammal. It was almost 8 metres

tall and as heavy as four elephants.Ques : Scientists can tell how quickly dinosaurs could travel.Ans : Yes. By looking at their skeletons and measuring the distance between

fossilised foot prints, scientists can measure how quickly or slowly adinosaur moved

Ques : Tornadoes can pick up trains.Ans : Yes. In 1931 a Tornado in Minnesota USA picked a train right off its

tracks and dumped it in a ditch. Tornados often pick up cars and cows.Ques : Some trees have fire proof bark.Ans : Yes. Many trees die in forest fires because their wood easily catches fire

but Some trees have speical bark which protects the wood inside fromthe flames.

Ques : It can rain cats and dogs.Ans : No. But you can got showers of fish, frogs, flowers, coal, nuts and even

maggots Scientists think the wind scoops them up, then they fall again inthe rain. Shruti

VIII-B

44



No Time to stop laughing As yet• Teacher : “John go to the map and show us where North America is”

John : “It’s right here”Teacher : “Correct, how class who discovered North America ?”Students : “John”

• Ram : Did you hear, I just bought a new car ?Sham : What kind of car ?Ram : I don’t remember But I know it starts with Z.Sham : You fool don’t hide facts no car starts with Z. Every car starts with petrolonly.

• Polly : What is your nationality ?Moly : My mother was born in Iceland, and my father in Cuba.Polly : Then you must be an Ice cubeInterviewer : Just imagine that you are on the third floor and it had caught fire.What would you do to escape.Candidate : Sir It’s simple I will stop imagining. Tanishka

VIII-B

Mahatma Gandhi

M – Man of noble ideals and causesA – Admired by all PeopleH – Humbly served the poorA – All religions were equal for himT – Truth was his lifeM – Man of simplicity and high characterA – Avoided personal comforts.

G – Greatest man of all timesA – Ahimsa was what he preachedN – Non - Violence he practisedD – Devoted his life for the NationH – Honestly lived his lifeI – Indian, he was in every respectThought = Learn as if you were to live forever,

Live as if you were to die tomorrowM.K. Gandhi

Ayush RaghavVIII-A

45



First in India1. Aryobhatta Prize Winner K.R. Ramanathan, 19772. Captain of test Cricket C.K. Naidu, 19323. Century in test cricket Lala Amarnath 1933-344. Chairman of Rajyasabha Dr. S. Radhakrishan, 1952-625. Cheif justice of India Hiraltil J. Kania, 1950-19516. Commander in cheif K.M. Carripa 1949-537. Cosmount Rakesh Sharma, 19848. Deputy Prime Minister, Home Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel9. Finance Minister of free India R.K. Shanmughan Shetty 194710. ICS Officer Satyendronath Tagore11. Indian Cheif of Air Staff S. Mukherjee, 1954-6012. Indian Governer general of free India C. Rajgopalharya13. Man to climb Mount Everest Tenzing Norgay14. Nobel prize winner Rabindranath Tagore, Gitanjali15. Pilot J.R.D. Tata Airlines 192916. President of Indian National Congress W.C. Banerjee, 188517. Speaker in Hindi at the UN Atal Bihari Vajpayee, 197718. Speaker of lok Sabha Ganesh Vasudeo Malankar 1952-5719. Oscar winner Bhanu Athaiya20. Vice President Dr. S. Radhakrishan, 1952-6221. Woman IAS Officer Anna Rajan George, 195022. Woman IPS Officer Kiran bedi, 196423. Woman Judge of supreme Court Meera Sahib Fatim Beevi, 198924. Test Tube baby Baby Harsha Indira, 198625. Woman Ambassadar Vijaylakshmi Pandit, 1947-49

PrabudhIX-BEarth’s Resume

Name : EarthAddress : Planet No.3, Solar System, Milky wayFriendly neighbours : Venus and marsI go around : The sun (lage raho)

Mere Samne wali khidki main ek chand ka tukda rehta hai(moon)

My age : 4.5 Billion year (Abhi toh main jawan hoon)I weigh : 6.6 SeptillionMy moves : Rotation and RevolutionMy dress : AtmosphereMy wish : May people live in harmony.

TanishkaVIII-B

46



The MoonThe moon has a face like the clock in the hallShe shines on thieves, on the garden wallon streets & fields & harbour quays& birds assleep in the fork of the trees

The Squalling cat & the squeaking mouse,The howling dog by the door of the house,The bat that lies in the bed at noon,All love to be out by the light at the moon.

But all of the things that belong to the daycuddle to sleep to be out of her way& flowers & children close thier eyesTill up in the morning the sun shall arise.

Abhinav SumanIV-A

The Sinking WorldWorst of allis, alcohol

Which spoils our lifeas a hole.

The drinkers live in other worldthat has no link

With the present world.“Cigarette Smoking is injurious to health”

This Statement is written everywhereBut smokers smoke like morning prayer.

They never knowwhat they are doingBut this is spoilingThe human being.The same is withCoffee and Tea

Which hampers lifeand one’s sanity.

sorrow is accompained by tensionwhich turns the homeInto noisy mansion.

Drug are taken by a few or oneold, adult and the young

Spoils the heartAnd damage the brainNothing can be done

for all is vain.What they gain is nothing but only pain.

They always lie,in the deepest sorrow

“For” They always seeTheir dark tommorrow.

Renu BalaIX-A

Everyday, Somebody,Anybody, and Nobody

There was an important job to be doneAnd everybody was sureThat somebody would do it.Anybody could have do itBut Nobody did itSomebody got angry about itBecause it was everybody’s jobEverybody thought itThat Anybody could do itBut nobody realizedThat everybody would’nt do itIt ended up thatEverybody blamed somebodyWhen Nobody didWhat any body could have done.

Shayana NarvanX-A

47



In Order to Take good notes you must be a goodlistener

What are your most common listening obstacles ?We are all guilty of bad listening habits of some sort. From the list below choose thefive obstacles that most often get in the way of your obstacle. (Not just. “I won’t do itanymore!”)1. Takling instead of listening.2. Thinking of what you’re going to say instead of listening.3. Mentally arguing with the speaker.4. Thinking about something else while the speaker is talking.5. Getting impatient with the speaker.6. Giving in to a poor environment too noisy, too hot, too hungry !7. Dividing your attention getting homework, writing a letter, staring at someone

cute !8. Not listening actively taking notes, asking questions, etc.9. Not being motivated to listen. The subject is boring !!10. Being distracted by the speaker’s mannerisms, voice, or appearance.

Rajbir YadavLDC

The Man who changed his life after reading hisobituary

About 100 years ago a man looked at the morning newspaper and to his surprise andhorror, read his name in the obituary column. The newspaper had reported the death ofthe wrong person by mistake. His first respouse was a shock. Am I here or there ?When he regained his composure, his second thought was to find out what people hadsaid about him. The obituary read ‘Dynamite King Dies’ and also he was the ‘Merchantof death’. This man was the inventor of dynamite and when he read the words ‘Merchantof Death’ he asked a question to himself ‘Is this is how I am going to be remembered ?’From that day on, he started working towards peace. His name was Alfred Nobel andis remembered today by the Nobel Prize. Just as Alfred Nobel got in touch with hisfeelings and refined his value we should step back and do the same. Ask yourself,‘How would I like to be remembered ?’ Will I be spoken well of ? Will I be rememberedwith love and respect ? Will I missed ? !! Shalini

XII-B

48



Time Management Tips for High School StudentsIt’s 10 p.m. - Do you know Where Your Homework Is ?Does it seem like there’s never enough time in the day to get everything done ?Feel like you’re always running late ? Here are some tips for taking control ofyour time and organizing your life.1. Make a “To Do” List Every Day.

Put things that are most important at the top and do them first. If it’s easier,use a planner to track all of your tasks. And don’t forget to te-ward yourselffor your accomplishments.

2. Use Spare Minutes Wisely.Get some reading done on the bust ride home from school, for example, andyou’ll kill two birds with one stone.

3. It’s Okay to Say “No.”If your boss asks you to work on a Thursday night and you have a finalexam the next morning, realize that it’s okay to say no. Keep your short -and long-term priorities in mind.

4. Find the Right Time.You’ll work more efficiently if you figure out when you do your best work.For example, if your brain handles math better in the afternoon, don’t waitto do it until late at night.

5. Review Your Notes Every Day.You’ll reinforce what you’ve learned, so you need less time to study. You’llalso be ready if your teacher calls on you or gives a pop quiz.

6. Get a Good Night’s Sleep.Running on empty makes the day seem longer and your tasks seem moredifficult.

7. Communicate Your Schedule to Others.If phone calls are proving to be a distraction, tell your friends that you takesocial calls from 7-8 p.m. It may sound silly, but it helps.

8. Become a Taskmaster.Figure out how much free time you have each week. Give yourself a timebudget and play your activities accordingly.

9. Don’t Waste Time Agonizing.Have you ever wasted an entire evening by worrying about something thatyou’re supposed to Sadish Kumar Sharma

TGT (PH&E)

ç–l¢H† —ç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016 - Kendriya Vidyalaya AFS … Naliya.pdf3 E:\YOGESH\Kendriya...

Documents

Transcript of ç–l¢H† —ç~¢ÜU¢ - 2016 - Kendriya Vidyalaya AFS … Naliya.pdf3 E:\YOGESH\Kendriya...