LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWAN PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES
description
Transcript of LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES
![Page 1: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS
AUSTRALIAPART 2: CYCLONES
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,
Virginia, USA
![Page 2: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AUSTRALIA
![Page 3: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN AUSTRALIADISASTERS IN AUSTRALIA
NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN AUSTRALIADISASTERS IN AUSTRALIA
FLOODS
CYCLONES
EARTHQUAKES
WILDFIRES
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
HIGH BENEFIT/COST FROM BECOMING DISASTER NRESILIENT
HIGH BENEFIT/COST FROM BECOMING DISASTER NRESILIENT
GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES
GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES
![Page 4: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters
Planet Earth’s atmospheric-hydrospheric-lithospheric interactions create situations favorable for CYCLONES
![Page 5: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
A DISASTER is ---
--- the set of failures that overwhelm the capability of a community to respond without external help when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) complex events (e.g., cyclones, floods,...) intersect at a point in space and time.
![Page 6: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Disasters are caused by single- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause
extreme levels of mortality, morbidity, homelessness,
joblessness, economic losses, or environmental impacts.
![Page 7: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SEVERE WINDSTORM HAZARDS
![Page 8: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS EXPOSURES IN A CYCLONE
A communities people, property, essential and critical infrastructure, business enterprise, government centers, crops, wildlife, and natural resources.
![Page 9: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
HAZARDS OF A SEVERE WINDSTORM (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)
• WIND FIELD (CLOCKWISE DIRECTION; CAT 1 (55 mph) TO CAT 5 (155 mph or greater)
• STORM SURGE
• HEAVY RAINFALL
• LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS)
• COSTAL EROSION
• TORNADOES (SOMETIMES)
![Page 10: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM
FLYING DEBRIS
STORM SURGE
IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN
DESIGN PROBLEMS
FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES
CAUSES OF DAMAGE
CAUSES OF DAMAGE
“DISASTER LABORATORIES”
“DISASTER LABORATORIES”
![Page 11: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AUSTRALIA’S AUSTRALIA’S COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIESAUSTRALIA’S AUSTRALIA’S COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES
DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
•HAZARDS•INVENTORY AT RISK•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION
CYCLONE RISK CYCLONE RISK
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
CYCLONE DISASTER CYCLONE DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE
•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY OPTIONSPOLICY OPTIONS
![Page 12: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL CYCLONES PREPAREDNESFOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPEDTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
![Page 13: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL CYCLONES EARLY WARNING IS ESSENTIAL FOR EVACUATION AND PREPARATION OF THE LAST LINE OF DEFENSE, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
![Page 14: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL CYCLONES
TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE
![Page 15: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SOME OF AUSTRALIA’S WORST CYCLONES
Cyclone TRACY: 1974
Cyclone LARRY: 2006
Cyclone HAMISH: 2009
![Page 16: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CYCLONE TRACY
![Page 17: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CYCLONE TRACY’S PATH
![Page 18: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
IMPACTS OF CYCLONE TRACY
• Cyclone Tracy devastated the city of Darwin in Australia’s Northern Territory from Christmas Eve to Christmas Day, 1974.
![Page 19: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
IMPACTS OF TRACY
• Tracy killed 71 people, caused AS837 million in damage (1974 dollars) and destroyed more than 70 percent of Darwin's buildings, including 80 percent of the houses.
![Page 20: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
IMPACTS OF TRACY
• More than 30,000 of Darwin’s 47,000 inhabitants were evacuated from Adelaide, Whvalla, Alice, Springs, and Sydney.
• Many never returned to Darwin.
![Page 21: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
AFTER TRACY
Darwin was rebuilt using modern materials and updated building practices
that incorporated wind engineering
![Page 22: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CYCLONE LARRY
![Page 23: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
QUEENSLAND
![Page 24: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Larry made landfall in far North Queensland close to
Innisfail on 20 March 2006 as a Category 4 with wind gusts reaching 240 kilometers per
hour (150 mph), and dissipating over land soon
afterward.
![Page 25: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
CYCLONE LARRY: MARCH 15-20, 2006
![Page 26: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
CYCLONE LARRY’S TRACK: MARCH 15-20, 2006
![Page 27: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
LARRY’S IMPACTS
• Throughout Queensland, Cyclone Larry resulted in A$1.5 billion ($1.1 billion USD) in damage, making Larry, at that time the costliest tropical cyclone to ever impact Australia, surpassing 1974’s Cyclone Tracy’ loss.
![Page 28: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH
![Page 29: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH: MARCH 4-11, 2009
![Page 30: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH‘ TRACK MARCH 4-11, 2009
![Page 31: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH
![Page 32: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH’S IMPACTS
• Hamish was a CAT 4 storm with 290 kph (175 mph) winds• Coal exports were disrupted•The tourist industry was slowed.• It caused a major oil spill.
![Page 33: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
HEAVY RAINFALL
• Hamish produced heavy rainfall over North Queensland with accumulations of 300 mm (12 in) in some areas.
• Mackay recorded 284 mm (11 in) in 2 days, and in combination with high tide, Hamish produced a 6.3 m (20.6 ft) tide in Mackay, flooding some streets.
![Page 34: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CYCLONE HAMISH: OIL SPILL IMPACTS BEACHES
![Page 35: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
THE NEXT CYCLONE SEASON IS ON THE WAY
THE NEXT CYCLONE SEASON IS ON THE WAY
• CYCLONE DISASTER RESILIENCE IS NOT AN IMPOSSIBLE DREAM!
![Page 36: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56813c5b550346895da5db08/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE
ALL CYCLONES
RECOVERY AND RECON-STRUCTION IS ABOUT KNOW-ING WHAT TO DO DIFFFERENTLY WHEN START-ING OVER AGAIN.