Lesson Title: Intro to Animal Science, Domestication, and Importance of Livestock

Lesson Title: Intro to Animal Science, Domestication, and Importance of LivestockPerformance Indicator:

Students will:

• Identify the types of livestock• Evaluate the products and services livestock provide.• Identify Utah’s rank in the nation’s agriculture crops, livestock, and products.• Research and discuss six areas of employment in animal science and technology.• Conduct a survey on the types of livestock raised in the community.• Evaluate livestock production trends and explain your opinion on the future of livestock production.• Discuss methods of preparing for a career in the animal industry.• Describe the specific procedures for conducting research in agriculture and gaining approval for an animal health product.• Investigate the types of animal research being conducted.• List the regulatory agencies that review health products for safety and explain their function.• Discuss the history of the domestication of farm animals.

Interest Approach (Problem Statement):Ask students to tell about their experiences with small and large animals.

Teaching Plan (Points of Emphasis):Read Unit 1, Domestication and Importance of Livestock, p.2-35, small animal care Ch.1, p.2-8Prepare the Classification of Common Farm Animals WorksheetTake notes from Animal Science State Curriculum and participate Animal By-Product PresentationResearch Animal Science research being conducted.Have students pair up, assign each group a question (from p. 35, 1-14), then each group should prepare a graphic organizer answering

their assigned question.Graph the Livestock trends, using the tables on Table 1-5, p. 22-23Research six different types of careers in the animal industry, then present one career to the class.Write an essay on “Develop an Opinion on the Future of Livestock Production.”Unit Test

Review/Summary, Application, Evaluation:WorksheetsGraphsGraphic OrganizerCareer research and class presentationOpinion essayUnit Test

References Materials, Equipment & Supplies Required:State Animal Science and Technology Curriculum“Modern Livestock & Poultry Production” Book“Small Animal Care” BookAgricultural Research magazineCareer Development Center Computer Lab.

Lesson PlanLesson PlanInstructor: Jo L. EgelundCourse Title: Animal ScienceUnit: Introduction to Animal Science, Domestication, & ImportanceStandard: 4006-01, 4007-01, 4008-01, 4013-01, 4014-01, 4016-01Length: 90 min. each dayInstruction Day(s): Day #1, 2, 3, 4,5

Literacy Citizenship Collaboration Technology Thinking/Reasoning

Performance Performance IndicatorsIndicators

Performance Performance IndicatorsIndicators

Students will:Students will:Identify the types of livestock. Evaluate the products and services livestock provides. Identify Utah’s rank in the nation’s agriculture crops,

livestock, and products. Research and discuss six areas of employment in

animal science and technology. Conduct a survey on the types of livestock raised

in the community. Evaluate livestock production trends and explain your

opinion on the future of livestock production. Describe the specific procedures for conducting

research in agriculture and gaining approval for an animal health product.

Discuss methods of preparing for a career in the animal industry.

Investigate the types of animal research being conducted.

List the regulatory agencies that review health products for safety and explain their function.

Discuss the history of the domestication of farm animals.

Product an actual material provided by an animal that can be eaten, worn, or used.

Service a benefit provided by an animal.Agriculture Industry

individuals and companies involved in production, processing, and distribution of farm products.

Commodity product of agricultureExamples: Beef, pork, lamb, dairy products

Cycle recurring change in price and production of agriculture commodities.

Processing preparing farm products for use.Examples: Slaughtering, cutting, packaging

Production process of growing agricultural products.

Intro to Animal Intro to Animal ScienceScience

Terms and Terms and DefinitionsDefinitions







Trends direction of movement of a commodity in terms of production and prices.

Stocker cattlebeef animals that are to be placed on pasture for further growth. (Note: Stocker cattle are less than twelvemonths old and weigh less than 500 pounds.)

Feeder cattlebeef animals that have been grown on grass and are ready for the feedlot. (Note: Feeder cattle are seventeen to twenty-four months old, and weigh from 500 to 800 pounds. )

Slaughter cattlesteers or heifers that have been

fed over one-hundred days in a feedlot and are ready

for processing.(Note: Slaughter steers weigh

from 900 to 1300 pounds, slaughter heifers

weigh from 800 to 1000 pounds. Of all cattle slaughtered, 90% are from seventeen to twenty-four months old.)

Demand consumer's desire to purchase certain commodities at a

certain volume.Supply amount of a commodity available

for the day's trading market.





Types of Types of LivestockLivestockTypes of Types of LivestockLivestock

BeefDairySheepSwineDairy goatsHorsesRabbitsFishFur-bearing animalsPoultry

Products and Products and Services Livestock Services Livestock

ProvideProvide


ProvideProvideProductsProductsMeatEggsMilkClothingMedicineFertilizerMiscellaneous Products

(shoe polish, photographic film, soap, glue, lubricants)

ServicesServicesPower

(Draft Horses – Animals used for power are found primarily in developing nations.

RecreationHorseback ridingRacingRodeosBack-packing

TransportationMainly used for large range operations in

the west.


ProvideProvide


ProvideProvide

Regulatory Regulatory AgenciesAgencies

Regulatory Regulatory AgenciesAgencies FDAFDA – Food & Drug Administration

Must approve applications to investigate new animal drugs and feed additives.

EPAEPA – Environmental Protection Agency

Issues permits for some experiments involving animal health product testing.

USDAUSDA – United States Department of Agriculture

Reviews research plans for vaccines or other animal biologicals.

FSISFSIS – Food Safety & Inspection Service of the USDA

Randomly tests slaughtered animals to ensure that meat is free of illegal residues.

Seven Steps for Seven Steps for Approval of Animal Approval of Animal

Health ProductsHealth Products


Health ProductsHealth ProductsScientific Discovery

Bringing an animal health product to market is a complex process. Only one in 20,000 discovered chemicals ever makes it from the laboratory to the farm. And only one in 200 potential drugs makes it through pre-clinical testing and approval. All this takes time. It can take three to four years to license a new animal vaccine, and a decade or more to take an animal drug from discovery to approval. It's also expensive. In 1990, the animal health products industry spent more then $400 million on research and development, twice what was spent in 1980.

Preliminary TrialsOnce a scientist discovers a new material that might be useful in animal health, the potential product is put through a series of preliminary trials. Tests are conducted in test tubes, on

simple organisms such as bacteria, yeasts or mo!ds. New tools from biotechnology and computer models are also used to determine how the compound behaves in living systems.

Pre-Clinical TrialsAt the pre-clinical trial stage, tests are performed on animals to estimate the approximate

dosage and check for any adverse effects. If, after these trails, the company remains convinced that the compound has potential, the appropriate federal agency is notified. The Food and Drug Administration approves applications to investigate new animal drugs and feed additives. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reviews research plans for vaccines or other animal biologicals. The Environmental Protection Agency issues permits for some experiments.

Clinical TrialsThe fourth stage in the approval process involves clinical trials, with tests conducted to

ensure the safety and effectiveness of a product. Generally, the government assigns a team of scientists to work with manufacturers to make sure that all necessary tests are conducted and all data are reviewed. The regulatory agencies must be sure that , drugs used in animals don't have residues in meat, milk or eggs, and they must determine how long it takes to deplete any traces of the drug from edible products. If the compound will be used in pregnant animals or if it leaves significant residues in tissues for a long time, breeding studies are undertaken to determine if it is toxic to the embryo or causes birth defects. Researchers also conduct field trials to demonstrate how the product works under typical farm conditions in various parts of the country. In addition to conducting clinical trials, the manufacturer must be able to prove that it can consistently produce a quality product.


Health ProductsHealth Products


Health ProductsHealth ProductsRegulatory Review

With the clinical trials complete the tests are then reviewed by the appropriate regulatory agency. If the compound can be proven safe and effective, the government will give the manufacturer permission to produce and sell the product.

Product ApprovalWhen a product is approved, its label becomes part of

the federal record. Because the label is a legal document, it cannot be changed without government approval. Livestock producers are required by law to adhere to label instructions when they use an animal health products.

MonitoringAs a final check, the government monitors the food

supply for illegal drug residues. The FDA Milk Safety Branch, along with state regulators, monitors the milk supply, and the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service randomly tests slaughtered animals to ensure that meat is free of illegal residues. Each year, FSIS tests more than 40,000 samples for more than 100 animal drug and pesticide products. Over the last 10 years, the violation rate has steadily declined. In 1990, only 0.3 percent of all samples tested showed illegal levels.

Careers in the Careers in the Livestock IndustryLivestock IndustryCareers in the Careers in the Livestock IndustryLivestock Industry

Farmer / RancherManager Foreman Herdsman

Researcher Production Processing

Marketing New equipment and useAnimal Scientist

Industry Food processing Pesticides and herbicides

Feed manufacturing Dairy processing

Business Agricultural banking Farm management

Grading and packaging (meat inspector)Agricultural Marketing

Education Agriculture extension specialist

Agricultural education instructor College instructor Governmental agencies

Communication Farm reporting

Market reporting Radio (Writer /Newscaster)

Television (Writer / Newscaster)

Service Inspection and regulation Plant and animal quarantine

Foreign service Agriculture consultant Veterinary Brand Inspector

Veterinarian’s Assistant Park Rancher Fish and Game Officer

Sales Equipment Salesperson Agricultural Sales

Butcher Pasture / Rangeland Mgmt.

Careers in Careers in Livestock Industry Livestock IndustryCareers in Careers in Livestock Industry Livestock IndustrySelect a career in the Livestock IndustryResearch and write the report on your chosen

career including, but not limited to:Education neededTraining or experienceJob responsibilitiesHazardsBenefitsAverage starting salary / rangeDiscuss methods for preparing for this career.

Present oral report in class Turn in written report using correct spelling, complete sentences /

paragraphs, punctuation, etc.

Domestication and Domestication and Classification of Classification of Farm AnimalsFarm Animals

Domestication and Domestication and Classification of Classification of Farm AnimalsFarm Animals

Performance IndicatorsStudents will:

Discuss the history of the domestication of farm animals.

List, explain, and categorize livestock by their function.

Graph the trends of the livestock industry and decide the livestock industry’s success or decline.

Livestock TrendsLivestock TrendsLivestock TrendsLivestock Trends

Lesson Title: Intro to Animal Science, Domestication, and Importance of Livestock

Documents

Transcript of Lesson Title: Intro to Animal Science, Domestication, and Importance of Livestock