Lesson 4 - Social Learning

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Albert Banduras

Social LearningTheory


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Albert BanduraDecember 4, 1925

Canadian-born American psychologistand originator of social cognitive theory

Youngest of six children born to parentsof eastern descent

He received his bachelor degree ibPsychology fron the University of British

Clumbia in 1949 He went on the University of lowa,

where he received his Ph.D in 1952

After graduating, he took a postdoctoralposition at the Wichita Guidance Centerin Wichita,Kansas

In 1953, he started teaching at StanfordUniversity


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He was president of the APA in 1973abd received the APAs award forDistinguished Scientific Contributionin 1980

He received numorous award for his

cintribution to the field of psychology In 2002, the Review of General

Psychology ranked Banduras as thefourth most eminent psychologist ofthe 20th century, following B.FSkinner, Jean Piaget and SigmundFreud

He continues to work at Stanford tothis day.

Albert BanduraDecember 4, 1925


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Learning from observation


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THEORY

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORYtheory that emphasizes learning

through observation of others

Bandura is best known for his modelingstudy on aggression and on his famous

Bobo doll experiment


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CLASSICAL BOBO DOLL STUDY:THE EFFECTS OF OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING ON

CHILDRENS AGGRESSION

Equal numbers of kindergarten children were randomly assigned to watch one of three

films in which a person beat up an adult-size plastic toy called a BOBO doll.

In the first film, the aggressor was rewarded with candy, soft drinks, and praise for

aggressive behavior.

In the second film, the aggressor was criticized and spanked for the aggressive

behavior.

And in the third film, there were no consequences for the aggressors behavior.

Subsequently, each child was left alone in the room filled with toys, including a BOBOdoll. The childs behavior was observed through a one-way mirror.

Children who watched the films in which the aggressors behavior was reinforced or

went unpunished imitated the aggressors behavior more than did the children who saw

the aggressor be punished.


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FINDINGS

1. Boys were more aggressive than the girls.

2. Observational learning occurred just asextensively when modeled aggressivebehavior was not reinforced as when it wasreinforced.

3. The study focused on the distinctionbetween learning and performance. Justbecause the students dont perform a

response doesnt mean they didnt learn.4. Bandura believed that when a child observesbehavior but makes no observable response,the child may still have acquired the modeled

response in cognitive form. **


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Observational LearningLearning by observation and imitation

of others

Four Phases of Observational Learning

1. Attention phase2. Retention phase

3. Reproduction

4. Motivational phase


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BANDURAS CONTEMPORARY MODEL

OF OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING

OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING

ATTENTIONStudents must

attend to what the

model is doing or

saying.

RETENTIONStudents must

code the info &

keep it in memory

so that it can be

retrieved.

PRODUCTIONTeaching, coaching &

practice can help

students improve their

performance.

MOTIVATIONIncentives and

reinforcements are

motivational factors to

imitate the models

behavior.


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CLASSROOM APPLICATION As a future teacher, we are role models. We should

set a good example for our students. Develop a pleasant:

o self-concept

o Self-observation Know thyself

o Standards: make sure your standards arent toohigh or too low

Celebrate youe victories, dont dwell on yourfailures.

Promote self-regulate leaning in the classroom

Lesson 4 - Social Learning

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