Lesson 01 Intro Prog
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Transcript of Lesson 01 Intro Prog
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Basic Programming Concepts
By
Adnan AminLecturer / Software Programmer
Ministry of Education
www.geoamins.com
Topic: Introduction to Programming
Lesson #: 01
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Programmer)
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Overview Introduction to Programming?
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Programmer)
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Introduction to programming
Computer.
Program. Programming.
Computer Programming.
Programming Languages.
Programmers / Coders.
Levels of Programming languages.
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1. Computer
Onethatcomputes:aprogrammableelectronicdevicethatcanstore,retrieve,andprocessdata.
(MerriamWebstersCollegiateDictionary)
Introduction to programming
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2. Program or Computer Program
A sequence of instructions to be performed
by a computer is called computer program.
Nowadays computers are able to perform many different tasks, from
simple mathematical operations to sophisticated animated simulations.
But the computer does not create these tasks by itself, these areperformed following a series of predefined instructions that conform
what we call a program.
Introduction to programming
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3. Programming.
Planning or scheduling the performance
of a task or an event.
Introduction to programming
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4. Computer Programming.
The process of planning a sequence ofsteps for a computer to follow.
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5. Programming Languages.
A set of rules, symbols, and special words
used to construct a computer program.
Introduction to programming
6. Programmers / Coders.
Those in charge of generating or creatingprograms so that the computers may perform
new tasks are known as programmers orcoders, who for that purpose use aprogramming language.
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Programming Languages. (PL)
PL is divided into following parts.
i. Low Level Programming Languages.
ii. Middle Level Programming Languages.
iii. High Level Programming Languages.
PL
Low
Level
PL
Mid
Level
PL
High
Level
PL
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Whats Level? When choosing a programming language to
make a project, many different considerationscan be taken. First, one must decide what is
known as the level of the programming
language.
The level determines how near to thehardware the programming language is
Programming Languages. (PL)
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i. Low Level PL. In the lower level languages, instructions are
written thinking directly on interfacing withhardware.
Advantages
Directly understood by machine.
Very Fast.
Easily handle the hardware.
Disadvantages Very difficult for programmer.
Examples
Machine Languages, Assembly Languages
Programming Languages. (PL)
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Practical Example of Low Level PL
Machine Language The language, made up of binary-coded instructions,
that is used directly by the computer.
Assembly Language A low-level programming language in which a
mnemonic is used to represent each of the machinelanguage instructions for a particular computer.
When a hardware driver is developed for anoperating system obviously a very low level is
used for programming.
Programming Languages. (PL)
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ii. High Level PL. In High Level PL, instructions are written in more
abstract or conceptual programming code for more
different machines with a smaller modification. It is used very easy and human understandable codes.
like coding in English.
Advantages
Programmer / Human can easily understand the code.
Its used to developed very big applications.
Disadvantages Slow as compare to low level PL.
Need a translator because it cant directly understood by machine.
Examples
Java , Visual Studio.Net etc
Programming Languages. (PL)
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iii. Middle Level PL. It can inherent some features of the low level PL and some
features from high level PL.
So Mid Level PL interacts directly with the hardware almost withno limitations, and as well abstract or conceptual and work likeone of the most powerful high level languages.
Advantages
Directly interact with the hardware. Not too difficult codes used like low level.
Used for Hardware interface as well as for big applications.
Disadvantages Slow as compare to low level PL because of high level codes.
Need a translator (High level code also can be used)
Examples
C language, C++ language.
Programming Languages. (PL)
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Programmer)
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Practical Example of Mid Level PL
Programming Languages. (PL)
The C++ language is in a middle position,
since it can interact directly with thehardware almost with no limitations, and can
as well abstract lower layers and work like
one of the most powerful high levellanguages.
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Programmer)
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Home Work Compare high level , mid level and low
level programming languages. And alsodecide which programming language is
best with respect to following
characteristics; Speed, hardware programming, easy
coding and market demand.
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References Visit and download this lecture from:
www.geoamins.com/courses/ www.cplusplus.com
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Programmer)