Lecture 35 November 20

ECEN2060Frank Barnes

Home works

• Home work, Wednesday Nov. 20th• 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5• Home work for Monday Dec 2, 2013• 7.7,7.10,7.11, 7.12, 7.13 • Also plan on getting started on your term

paper. • Home work for chapter 8 Friday Dec 6, • 8.1,8.5.8.6, 8.8, 8.10,8.11

Energy In a Wave

• The power in a sine wave with Height H and period T

»P=•For H =3m and T=8sec •P= 70.5kW/m•Note the density of water is ρ 1,025kg/m3

32

22 THg

Systems for Extracting Energy from Waves

Variations Wave Shapes and Heights

Distributions of Wave Heights and Periods.

Wave Power Available in kWh/m/yrNear San Francisco

Wave Energy Estimates

Variations in Wave Power with Time of Year

Wave Power Results for a 1MW Generator in kW

Annual Energy MWh/yr for Site Near San Francisco

Wind and Wave Generators Colocated off Shore

Two Tidal Generators.

Tides and Position of the Moon

Variations with Time of Year

Variation of Tides

Velocity of Tidal Currents and Available Power ~ v3

• 1. Note Betz limit applies at 59.3% to the fraction of the power that can be used of the half sine wave P=(ρAVm

3)

Common Mixed Tidal Currents Over a Day

Cut In and Rated Speed

Surface Tidal Speed Probability Distribution Tacoma Narrows

Estimated Energy Delivered For a Turbine Rated at 600kW

Hydropower Run of the River

Power Plant

• 1. Potential energy from ΔH and kinetic energy from v2 energy head = z +

• Z= height P = pressure• γ= Specific Weight v = velocity • g = gravitational constant.

Power Plant

Conversion Factors

Pelton Turbine

Angle Drive Propeller Reaction Turbine

Net Head after Friction Loss

Friction Head Loss vs Flow Rate for Small Pipes

Weir For Measuring Flow

• 1. Q = 1.8 (W- 0.2h)h1.5(m3 /s)

Electrical Block Diagram for Micro Hydro System

Pumped Hydro System

Raccoon Mountain

Raccoon Mountain

Two Penstock Pumped Hydro System

Biomass Gasification Process

Geothermal Plants

Binary Geothermal System