Leaders of the Independence Movement in Latin...
Transcript of Leaders of the Independence Movement in Latin...
Think about this . . .
Why would a person or group of
people want to lead a revolt?
Do people still lead revolts
today?
A Call for Change
• The countries of Spain and Portugal controlled most of Latin American for almost 300 years.
• The people of Latin America grew restless and were tired of being controlled by the Europeans. They wanted to be free.
• Revolutions in America and France encouraged the people of Latin America to fight for their freedom.
Haitian Revolution • Saint Domingue, present-day Haiti, was
colonized and controlled by the French (country of France).
• When the French Revolution occurred in 1789 the new government of France granted freedom to all free blacks and Mulattoes.
• This made the farmers upset.
Haitian Revolution • In response, the French government changed
their minds and took back the freedom given to all free blacks and Mulattoes.
• The slaves were also upset.
François-Dominique
Toussaint L’Ouverture
• Born a slave, he was a military and political leader that led the Haitian Revolution.
• He led a slave army that defeated French troops.
• He also controlled Saint Domingue.
• He was later captured by the French, put in prison and died shortly after. He never lived to see Haiti become a free country.
Miguel Hidalgo
• Miguel Hidalgo is known as he father of Mexican Independence.
• He was a priest who led a peasant (very poor people) army against the Spanish army in Mexico. (Mexico was once controlled by the Spanish.)
Miguel Hidalgo
• Hidalgo grew up with a good education and family and thought that is was unfair how the peasants of Mexico were being treated compared to Spanish born people.
• When the French invaded Spanish controlled Mexico Hidalgo and a group of friends thought that it was time for Mexico to fight for its freedom.
Miguel Hidalgo
• Unfortunately, Miguel Hidalgo never lived to see Mexico gain its independence.
• He was captured, tried for treason (for being a traitor), and executed by the Spanish.
Simon Bolivar
• Simon Bolivar was a leader in wars against the Spanish for the independence of South America.
• He is known as “The Liberator” of South America.
• The countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela won their independence because of his efforts.
Simon Bolivar
• Bolivar was born in Venezuela to a very wealthy family.
• Like Miguel Hidalgo, Bolivar was upset about the unfair treatment of the people by the Spanish.
• He led different groups against the Spanish and in 1824 finally defeated the Spanish for the last time to end their rule in South America.