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KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW ......1. (d) Microbes are extensively used in human weitare...
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ASSERTION CORNER ment of assertion i5 Tolowed oy a statement of res REASON Directions: In the following questions, a staterne Mark the correct choice as Doth assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanduon ol assertion. Dotn assertion and reason are true but reason is not Uhe correct Expldidton of assertinn (C)If assertion is true but reason iS talse. (d) l1 both assertion and reason are talse, 0n. ASertion : Nucleic acid complexes alone cannot causeI9. Assertion: Secondary eouiet 3Ewage is asn diseases. called biological treatment while primary treatmas is called physical treatment. Reason: Pimary sewage treatinent depends only upon sedimentation properties of materlais present in sewe Reason: Only nucleoproteins can function as infectious agents. 2. Assertion : Streptococcus thermophilus increases nutritional value of milk. and filtration. 10. Assertion: Energy value of b10gas is lower than tha of organic matter. Reason Biogas minimises the chances of spread of fecal pathogens. Reason: Curd and yoghurt have higher vitamin content than milk. Assertion: Toddy becomes unpalatable after 24 hours. Reason: The fermentation of toddy is continued by naturally ocurring yeasts. 11. Assertion: Dragontlies can be used to decrease occurence of diseases like malaria, dengue, et. Assertion: Beer and wine are called soft liquors while gin, rum etc., are hard liquors Reason: Beer and wine are made without cistillation. Reason: Baculoviruses are efective in controling mary insects and other arthropods. Assertion: Griseofulvin extracted from P. griseotulvum 12. Assertion is used for ringworm treatment. Integrated pest management (IPM) programme at the same time deals with conservaton Reason: 1richophyton, Epidemophyton, etc., cannot grow well in presence of Penicilium griseofuivum. of insects and destruction of insecis. Reason : PM programmes are specialy used in dealng with ecologically sensitive areas. 6. Assertion: Acetic acid production involves both aerobic and anaerobic processes. Reason: Production of alcohol from glucose is an aerobic process and production of acetic acid from alcohol is an anaerobic process. 13. Assertion: Biofertilisers are preferred to chemical fertli Reason Chemical fertilisers are generally moi expensive and hazardous to environment. 7. Assertion: An organ transplant patient if not provided with cyclosporin A may reject the transplanted organ. Reason: Cyclosporin A inhibits activation of T-cells and interferes with destruction of non-self cells. 14. Assertion : Most orchid seedlings cannot develop e in the absence of fungal mycelium. Reason: Fungal mycelium increases eficieny absorption only. 15. Assertion : Nitrogenase enzyme gets inactva presence of oxygen yet N, fixation occurs in de cells of legume nodules. Reason: Leghaemoglobin allows presence o just sufficient for cellular respiration only 8. Assertion: Rennet and fruit extract of Withania somnifera have antagonistic functions. Reason:Rennet is obtained from calf's liver and is used for curdling of milk. MHOW MHOW MHOW MHOW M MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV M MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV M MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV M MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV M MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV M
Transcript of KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW KV MHOW ......1. (d) Microbes are extensively used in human weitare...
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ASSERTION CORNERment of assertion
i5 Tolowed oy astatement of res
REASONDirections: In the following
questions, astaterne
Mark the correct choice as
Doth assertion andreason are true and
reason is the correctexplanduon ol assertion.
Dotn assertion andreason are true but
reason is not Uhe correctExpldidton of assertinn
(C)If assertion is true butreason iS talse.
(d) l1 both assertion andreason are talse,
0n.
ASertion :Nucleicacid complexesalonecannot causeI9. Assertion: Secondary eouiet
3Ewage is asn
diseases.called biological
treatment while primarytreatmas
is
called physicaltreatment.
Reason: Pimarysewage treatinent depends only upon
sedimentation properties of materlais presentin sewe
Reason: Only nucleoproteins can function as infectiousagents.
2. Assertion : Streptococcus thermophilus increasesnutritional value of milk.
and filtration.
10. Assertion: Energy value of b10gasis lower than tha
of organic matter.
Reason Biogas minimises the chancesof spread of
fecal pathogens.
Reason: Curd and yoghurt havehigher vitamin contentthan milk.
Assertion: Toddy becomes unpalatable after 24 hours.
Reason: The fermentation of toddy is continued bynaturally ocurring yeasts. 11. Assertion: Dragontlies can be used to decrease
occurence of diseases like malaria, dengue, et.Assertion: Beer and wine are called soft liquors whilegin, rum etc., are hard liquors
Reason: Beer and wine are made without cistillation.Reason: Baculoviruses are efective in controling mary
insects and other arthropods.
Assertion: Griseofulvinextractedfrom P.griseotulvum 12. Assertionis used for ringworm treatment.
Integrated pest management (IPM)programme at the same time deals with conservaton
Reason: 1richophyton, Epidemophyton, etc., cannotgrow well in presence of Penicilium griseofuivum.
of insects and destruction of insecis.
Reason : PM programmes are specialy used in dealngwith ecologically sensitive areas.6. Assertion: Acetic acid production involves both aerobic
and anaerobic processes.
Reason: Production of alcohol from glucose is anaerobic process and production of acetic acid fromalcohol is an anaerobic process.
13. Assertion: Biofertilisers are preferred to chemical fertliReason Chemical fertilisers are generally moiexpensive and hazardous to environment.
7. Assertion: An organ transplant patient if not providedwith cyclosporin A may reject the transplanted organ.
Reason: Cyclosporin A inhibits activation ofT-cells andinterferes with destruction of non-self cells.
14. Assertion : Most orchid seedlings cannot developein the absence of fungal mycelium.Reason: Fungal mycelium increases eficienyabsorption only.
15. Assertion : Nitrogenase enzyme gets inactvapresence of oxygen yet N, fixation occurs in decells of legume nodules.Reason: Leghaemoglobin allows presenceojust sufficient for cellular respiration only
8. Assertion: Rennet and fruit extract of Withaniasomnifera have antagonistic functions.
Reason:Rennet is obtained from calf'sliver and isused for curdling of milk.
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ASSERTION & REASON CORNER10. (b)
(d) 2. 4. (b) 5.14.
1. (a) 3. (a) a 6. ) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (a)(b) 12. (b) 13. (a) (c) 15. (a)
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ASSERTION & REASON CORNER1. (d) Microbes are extensively used in human weitareDut they sometimes prove harmful too. Most of the human.dhimal and plant diseases occur because of intection orCroorganisms. Viruses are nucleoprotein complexes thatcause disease. But nucleic acid alone and proteins alone candiso cause diseases. Disease causing nucleic acid complexesdre termed viroids. Prions are proteinaceous infectious agents.2. Microbeshavebeen used for ongtimein production odairy products like curd, yoghurt, cheese, etc. Yoghurt is producedby Curdling milk with the help of Streptococcus thermophliks andLactobacilus bulgaricus. Yoghurt has higher nutritional vatuethan milk thus, it can be said that Streptococcus thermophiLusincreases nutritional value of milk.
3. (a): Toddy is a traditional drink of some partsof South India which is made by fermentation ot sap ofpalms. Toddy left for few hours undergoes fermentationwith the help of naturally occurring yeast to formbeverage containing about 6 % alcohol. But after about24 hours toddy becomes unpalatable because fermentationis carried on. Now, it can be used for production of vinegar.
4. (b)
(a): Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by5.some microbes which, in small concentration, can kill or retard
the growth of harmful microbes Without adversely affecting
the host. Griseotulvin is an antibiotic producedby Penicillum
griseofulvum and is antifungal in nature, especially effective
against ringworm. Ringworm is caused by dermatophyti fungi
like Epidermophyton, Trichophyion, Microsporium which
cannot grow in presence of P griseotulvum because of theantagonistic effect of antibiotic griseofulvin secreted by the
Penicilium sp.
c): Acetic acid is prepared from fermented alcoholsaith the help of acetic acid bacteria, Acetobacter aceti.
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gertipsmutG Objective NCERT at your Finger:268
ATLOnOiC Termentation of sugars is an anaerobicprocess but The sediment of primany
treatment, called primary sluda
ne conversion of alcohol to acetic acid is an aerobicprocess.
Inis reactions occurring can be summarised as
Anaerobic formation ofalcono
GgH0 11asecmplex 2C,H,OH+ 2C0,
treated byaerobicmicrodes and thenby anaerobic mir
to reduce its organic components duringsecondary treatma
A secondary treatment invoives microbes, thus it is also calledbiological treatment.
11. (b)10. (b) 12. (6)Ethyl alcoho13. (a): Biofertilisers are microorganisms that are usedfincreasing fertility of sol. For example, Tree-lving bacteriaand cyanobacteria thatfx nitrogen increase sol productivityBiofertilisers are preterred over chemical Tertilisers becau
chemical fertilisers are more expensive, disturb soil fauna and
7. (a): Cyclosporin A is cyclic oligopeptide obtainedflora and aftect soil pH. Although chemical iertilisersinitial
show better response than biofertilisers but they decreaseso
Aerobic formation of acetic acid
C,H,OH +0, » CH,COOH +H,OAcetic acid
Acetic acid is either used as vineyar after ripeningor in
pharmaceuticals, colouring agents, insecticides, plastics, etc.
through fermentative activity of fungus Trichodermapolysporum. It has immunosuppressive properties andinhibits activation of T-cells. T cells of immunesystem mainilyfunction to kil non-self cells. Because cyclosporin A inhibits
fertility in the long run.
14. (c): Some fungi form a mutually beneficialor symbiotitassociation with the roots of higher plants. in seeding stage of
cell function, it causes immunosuppression and most orchids, the fungal hyphae not only increase absorptionof rejection of transplanted organare reauced. nus, orgdfrequency but also provide nourishment by Torming nutrienttransplant patients are provided with cyclosporin A. rich cells called pleotons.8. (d):Rennetis obtained from calf's stomach and is a
commercially available form of enzyme rennin. Rennet is usednitrogen fixation in lequminous plants inside nodules intectedfor curdling of milk to initiate the prOcess of cheese formation.The same function can be carried out with the help of fruitextract of Withaniasomnifera. Ihus, rennet and Truit extracteukaryotic cells of nodules respire aerobically thus, oxygenof Withania somnifera have similar tunctions and are notis needed. Proper balance of oxygen amount is maintainedantagonistic.
15. (a):Nitrogenase enzyme is the enzyme responsible for
by Rhizobia. This enzyme undergoes irreversible damagein presence of oxygen and N, fixation is stopped but the
by oxygen Scavanger protein called leghaemoglobin which9. (a): Sewagetreatmentis divided into primarytreatment maintains oxygen level just sufficient for cellular respirationand secondary treatment. Primary treatment involves filtration so the cells do not die and it removes extra oxygen to produceof the sewage and then sedimentation of the debris present anaerobic atmosphere for proper functioning of nitrogenaseon filtrate. No microbes are used. enzyme.
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